Haufinyane tjena, moqolotsi oa litaba oa CCTV10 o ile a etela Setsi sa Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences 'me a etsa filimi lenaneo le khethehileng la ho tsebahala ha saense le bitsoang "Mokhoa oa ho Khetholla Meriana.Khanoderma“.E le ho arabela litabeng tse tloaelehileng tsa sechaba tse kang "mokhoa oa ho khetha le ho ja Ganoderma" le "mokhoa oa ho khetholla boleng ba Ganoderma lucidum spore powder", Zhang Jinsong, mookameli oa Institue of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences. , e fane ka likarabo tse qaqileng.

Khetho le Tšebeliso eaKhanoderma

E etsa e kholoanyaneKhanodermana le limatlafatsi tse ngata?

Zhang Jinsong:Khanodermae hlomphuoa haholo hobane e na le metsoako e 'meli ea mantlha e sebetsang: polysaccharides le triterpenes.Ganoderma polysaccharides e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho laola ho itšireletsa mafung, ho matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lisele tsa 'mele tsa ho itšireletsa mafung, le ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa' mele.Ganoderma triterpenes ke sehlopha sa metsoako ea tlhaho e nang le litlamorao tse thibelang hlahala, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory le antioxidant.

Pharmacopoeia ea People's Republic of China e bolela hore ke mefuta e 'meli feela ea Ganoderma,Ganoderma lucidumleGanoderma sinense, e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa merero ea meriana.Pharmacopoeia e hloka hore litaba tsa polysaccharide tsa thepa ea meriana ea Ganoderma ha lia lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 0.9%, 'me litaba tsa triterpene ha lia lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 0.5%.

Khetha mofuta o tšoanang oa Ganoderma, tlas'a maemo a tšoanang a temo, 'me u sebelise li-Ganoderma tse tharo tsa boholo bo fapaneng e le mehlala ea ho bapisa ho lekanya li-polysaccharide le triterpene.

Ho ile ha fumanwa hore dikahare tsa polysaccharide le triterpene tsa disampole tse kgethilweng kaofela di feta maemo a naha, empa dikahare tsa polysaccharide le triterpene tsa tse tharo.Khanodermalisampole, tse fapaneng haholo ka boholo, ha lia ka tsa fapana haholo.Ha ho na kamano e hlokahalang lipakeng tsa boholo ba 'mele oa litholoana oa Ganoderma le bongata ba limatlafatsi tse sebetsang tseo o nang le tsona.Ho ahlola boleng ba Ganoderma feela ho latela boholo ba ponahalo ea eona ha ho na motheo.

E khanya ho fetaKhanodermana le phepo e nepahetseng e phahameng?

Zhang Jinsong: Hangata Ganoderma e hlahisoang ha ea lokela ho khanya.Re ka sebelisa mouoane, "beautician" ea Ganoderma, ho etsa hore Ganoderma e bebenye le ho feta: ka mor'a ho chesa Ganoderma ka mouoane ka metsotso e 30 le ho e lumella hore e pholile, e tla khanya.Sena se bakoa ke hore ka mor'a ho chesa, lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale tse holim'a Ganoderma caps lia fetoha, li etsa hore Ganoderma eohle e shebahale e khanyang le e khanyang haholoanyane.

Liteko li ile tsa etsoa ka litaba tsa polysaccharide le triterpene tsa mouoane le tse se nang mouoaneKhanoderma, 'me ho ile ha fumanoa hore ho ne ho se na phapang e ngata litabeng tsa polysaccharides le triterpenes pakeng tsa tse peli.Bahoebi ba sebetsana le Ganoderma ka tsela ena feela ho etsa hore e shebahale e le molemo ho rekisoa, 'me ha e fetole likarolo tse sebetsang tsa phepo e nepahetseng ho Ganoderma.Ka hona, menyenyetsi ea ho khetha Ganoderma e ipapisitse le ho benya ha eona ke ho ipolaea.

E etsa nako e teleleKhanodermae ntse e hola, e phahameng litaba tsa metsoako ea eona e sebetsang?

Zhang Jinsong: Batho ba ka khahloa ke pale ea Mofumahali e Mosoeu ea batlang "Ganoderma ea Lilemo Tse Sekete" ho pholosa Xu Xian.Empa ha e le hantle, lisebelisoa tsa bongaka tsa Ganoderma tse boletsoeng ke mmuso li kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli feela, Ganoderma lucidum le Ganoderma sinense, 'me kaofela ke selemo.Ka mor'a hore ba hōle ka selemo se le seng, ba tla ba le lignified ka ho feletseng 'me ha ba sa tla hlola ba hōla.Kahoo ho latela pono ena, theKhanodermare ka reka 'marakeng ka ho feletseng e ke ke ea e-ba seo ho thoeng ke "Sekete sa Lilemo Ganoderma".E mong le e mong ha aa lokela ho lumela liphatlalatso tsa barekisi mabapi le "Ganoderma ea Lilemo Tse Sekete", ha ho na Ganoderma e hōtseng ka lilemo tse sekete.

Na ho molemo ho“inela le ho noa“kapa“pheha le ho noa“bakeng sa ho monya ho molemo?

Zhang Jinsong: Re hloka ho bapisa mokhoa ofe, "ho noa le ho noa" kapa "ho belisa le ho noa", ho ka ntšang metsoako e sebetsang ea phepo e nepahetseng.Khanoderma.Bakeng sa Ganoderma e hōlileng tlas'a maemo a tšoanang, lilae tse peli tsa 25-gram li nkoa 'me li kenngoa ka hora e le' ngoe ea ho kolobisoa le ho belisoa ka ho latellana, 'me li-polysaccharide tse ka metsing li lekanngoa.

Ho ile ha fumaneha hore 'mala oa metsi a phehiloeng ka Ganoderma o tebile ho feta oa metsi a kolobisitsoeng.Khanoderma.Kamora tlhahlobo ea data, ho ile ha fumaneha hore ho belisoa ho ka eketsa litaba tsa polysaccharide ka hoo e ka bang 41%.Ka hona, ho belisa ke mokhoa o atlehang haholoanyane oa ho ntša metsoako e sebetsang ea phepo e tsoang ho Ganoderma.

E etsa nako e teleleKhanodermae phehiloe, boleng bo phahameng ba phepo eaKhanoderma metsi?

Zhang Jinsong: Re khaola ligrama tse 25 tsa lilae tsa Ganoderma ebe re li kenya ka har'a limililithara tse 500 tsa metsi a hloekisitsoeng ka likhato tse 100 tsa Celsius bakeng sa ho belisoa.Ka nako eohle ea metsotso e 80, re ntša tharollo ea Ganoderma metsotso e meng le e meng e 20 ho lekanya litaba tsa polysaccharide.Ho ile ha fumanoa hore ho pheha ka metsotso e 20 ho ka se ho ntse ho ntša metsoako e sebetsang ea phepo e tsoang ho Ganoderma, kahoo ha bareki ba ja Ganoderma, ha ba hloke ho eketsa nako ea ho bela ho fumana limatlafatsi tse sebetsang haholoanyane.

Ha u belisa Ganoderma, e ka boela ea phehoa khafetsa.Hape re ile ra leka lisebelisoa tse sebetsang bakeng sa makhetlo a mangata ha Ganoderma e phehiloe.Ka data, re fumane hore ha ho bapisoa le ho pheha nako e telele, ho pheha ka makhetlo a mararo ho ka eketsa hoo e batlang e le 40% ea likarolo tse sebetsang tsa phepo e nepahetseng.

[KhanodermaLitlhahiso tsa tšebeliso]

Metsi a phehiloeng ka Ganoderma lucidum a na le tatso e babang hanyane, 'me o ka eketsa mahe a linotsi, lemone le linoko tse ling ho latela khetho ea motho.Lokisetsa sechu kapa congee ka ho fafatsa Ganoderma lucidum ka lisebelisoa tse ling tse kang khoho le nama e se nang mafura.Mokhoa ona o thusa ho kopanngoa ha thepa ea meriana ea Ganoderma lucidum le metsoako, ho ntlafatsa ho monya ha bona ka 'mele.

Ho khethollaMofuta oa "Ganoderma Lucidum".Phofo ea Spore

Ho na le lekhalo le leholo la theko ea phofo ea spore, bareki ba ka khetholla joang?

Zhang Jinsong: Ganoderma lucidumphofo ea sporeke sele e nyane haholo ea ho ikatisa e ntšoang ho li-tubes tse ngata tsa fungal ka tlas'a kepisi kamora hore Ganoderma lucidum e hole.Ke 4-6 micrometer feela mme e na le litlamorao tse ngata, joalo ka ho matlafatsa sesole sa 'mele, ho thibela mokhathala le ho theola khatello ea mali.Ganoderma lucidum powder, ka lehlakoreng le leng, ke phofo e ntle haholo e entsoeng ka ho senya 'mele oa litholoana oa Ganoderma lucidum.

Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea phofo ea spore, theko ea eona e batla e phahame, empa bahoebi ba bang ba tla fokotsa theko ea eona ka ho eketsa phofo ea Ganoderma lucidum ho phofo ea spore.Re ka khetholla linthong tse tharo: 'mala, tatso le ho ama.'Mala oa phofo ea spore o tebile, o haufi le' mala oa kofi;phofo ea spore ha e na tatso e babang, le phofo ea spore e kopantsoeng leKhanodermaphofoe tla ba le tatso e babang;hobane phofo ea spore e na le mafura, e tla ba mongobo ebile e le mafura, ha Ganoderma lucidum ultra-fine powder e omme ebile ha e ikutloe e le mafura.

Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa "sporoderm-unbroken" le "sporoderm-broken" spore powder?

Zhang Jinsong: Ka tlas'a microscope, "sporoderm-unbroken" spore powder e hlaha joaloka peo ea lehapu, ha "sporoderm-broken" spore phofo e robeha likotoana.Re ntšitse gram e le 'ngoe ea "sporoderm-unbroken" spore powder le "sporoderm-broken" spore powder ka ho latellana ho lekanya litaba tsa polysaccharide.Ho ile ha fumanoa hore "sporoderm-unbroken" phofo ea spore e hlahisitse 26.1 milligrams ea polysaccharides, ha polysaccharide ea phofo ea spore e eketsehile ho 38.9 milligrams ka mor'a ho senya sporoderm.

Sena ke hobane metsoako e sebetsang ho Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, joalo ka mafura, liprotheine le polysaccharides, li phuthetsoe ke sporoderm.Sporoderm e thata haholo, 'me tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, metsi, asiti le alkali li ke ke tsa bula sporoderm.Leha ho le joalo, ho sebelisa mokhoa oa sporoderm-breaking ho ka thusa ho lokolla lintho tse sebetsang ka hare.Ka hona, ka ho khethasporoderm -phofshoana e robehileng ea spore, o ka monya metsoako e sebetsang haholoanyane.

[Litlhahiso tsa ho Reka]

Haeba u batla ho reka 'mele oa litholoana oa Ganoderma o tiisitsoeng ka boleng bo botle le phofo ea sporoderm e robehileng ea Ganoderma lucidum spore, ho kgothaletswa ho reka ho tswa ho dikanale tse tlwaelehileng.Haeba u sa tsebe hantle, u ka boela ua sebelisa mokhoa o khothalletsoang ketsahalong ena ho khetholla ka potlako boleng ba sporoderm-broken spore powder, e leng ho ka etsang bonnete ba hore u reka e ka tšeptjoang e le kannete.Khanodermalihlahisoa, ho u lumella ho ja ka bophelo bo botle le ka khotso ea kelello.

Mohloli oa Boitsebiso: Mokhatlo oa China Edible Fungi