Tsis ntev los no, tus neeg sau xov xwm los ntawm CCTV10 tau mus xyuas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, Shanghai Academy ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb thiab tau ua yeeb yaj kiab tshwj xeeb kev kawm txuj ci nrov npe hu ua "Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj.Ganoderma".Nyob rau hauv teb rau cov kev txhawj xeeb ntawm pej xeem xws li "yuav ua li cas xaiv thiab haus Ganoderma" thiab "yuav ua li cas kom paub qhov txawv ntawm Ganoderma lucidum spore hmoov", Zhang Jinsong, tus thawj coj ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy ntawm Agricultural Sciences , muab cov lus teb ntxaws.

Kev xaiv thiab kev siv ntawmGanoderma

Ua qhov loj duaGanodermamuaj ntau cov as-ham?

Zhang Jinsong:GanodermaNws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias nws muaj ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: polysaccharides thiab triterpenes.Ganoderma polysaccharides ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kev tiv thaiv kab mob, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv.Ganoderma triterpenes yog ib chav kawm ntawm tej yam ntuj tso tebchaw uas muaj qog-suppressing, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, thiab antioxidant teebmeem.

Lub Pharmacopoeia ntawm Cov Neeg Tuam Txhab Tuam Txhab Tuam Txhab Suav tau teev tseg tias tsuas yog ob hom Ganoderma,Ganoderma lucidumthiabGanoderma sinense, tuaj yeem siv rau kev kho mob.Pharmacopoeia xav kom cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj Ganoderma yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 0.9%, thiab cov ntsiab lus triterpene yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg dua 0.5%.

Xaiv tib hom Ganoderma, nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev cog qoob loo, thiab siv peb Ganoderma ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv raws li cov qauv sib piv los ntsuas lawv cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide thiab triterpene.

Nws tau pom tias cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide thiab triterpene ntawm cov qauv xaiv tau dhau los ntawm cov qauv hauv tebchaws, tab sis cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide thiab triterpene ntawm peb.Ganodermacov qauv, uas txawv heev ntawm qhov loj, tsis txawv heev.Tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov loj ntawm Ganoderma txiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig nws muaj.Kev txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm Ganoderma nkaus xwb raws li qhov loj ntawm nws cov tsos yog tsis muaj tseeb.

Ua ib tug brighterGanodermamuaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua?

Zhang Jinsong: Feem ntau tsim Ganoderma yuav tsum tsis txhob ci.Peb tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab ua kom zoo nkauj, "tus kws kho hniav zoo nkauj" ntawm Ganoderma, ua kom Ganoderma ntau ci thiab ci dua: tom qab steaming Ganoderma hauv lub steamer rau 30 feeb thiab cia nws txias, nws yuav ci.Qhov no yog vim hais tias tom qab steaming, cov tshuaj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm Ganoderma cap hloov, ua rau tag nrho Ganoderma zoo dua ci thiab translucent.

Kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua los ntawm polysaccharide thiab triterpene cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob qho tib si steamed thiab unsteamedGanoderma, thiab nws tau pom tias tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm polysaccharides thiab triterpenes ntawm ob.Cov tub lag luam txheej txheem Ganoderma hauv txoj kev no tsuas yog ua kom nws zoo dua rau kev muag khoom, thiab nws tsis hloov cov khoom noj khoom haus hauv Ganoderma.Yog li ntawd, cov lus xaiv ntawm xaiv Ganoderma raws li nws glossiness yog nws tus kheej-defeating.

Ua qhov ntevGanodermaloj hlob, qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov khoom xyaw nquag?

Zhang Jinsong: Cov neeg tuaj yeem txaus siab los ntawm zaj dab neeg ntawm Tus Poj Niam Dawb tab tom nrhiav "Tsev Xyoo Ganoderma" los cawm Xu Xian.Tab sis qhov tseeb, Ganoderma cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj uas tau teev tseg los ntawm lub xeev tsuas yog suav nrog ob hom, Ganoderma lucidum thiab Ganoderma sinense, thiab lawv txhua xyoo.Tom qab lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, lawv yuav tag nrho lignified thiab yuav tsis loj hlob ntxiv lawm.Yog li los ntawm qhov kev xav no, lubGanodermapeb tuaj yeem yuav ntawm lub khw tsis tuaj yeem yog lub npe hu ua "Tsev-xyoo Ganoderma".Txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum tsis txhob ntseeg cov tub lag luam 'propaganda txog "Tsev-xyoo Ganoderma", tsis muaj Ganoderma uas tau loj hlob rau ib txhiab xyoo.

Puas yog nws zoo dua rau“da dej thiab haus“los yog“boil thiab haus“rau kev nqus zoo dua?

Zhang Jinsong: Peb yuav tsum sib piv txoj kev twg, "soaking thiab haus" lossis "boiling thiab haus", tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawmGanoderma.Rau Ganoderma loj hlob nyob rau hauv tib yam kev mob, ob 25-gram slices raug coj mus rau ib teev ntawm soaking thiab boiling raws li, thiab cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide nyob rau hauv dej yog ntsuas.

Nws tau pom tias cov xim ntawm cov dej boiled nrog Ganoderma yog tob dua li ntawm cov dej soaked nrogGanoderma.Tom qab kev soj ntsuam cov ntaub ntawv, nws pom tau hais tias boiling tuaj yeem nce cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide los ntawm 41%.Yog li ntawd, boiling yog ib txoj kev zoo dua los rho tawm cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo los ntawm Ganoderma.

Ua qhov ntevGanodermayog boiled, qhov ntau dua tus nqi noj haus ntawm lubGanoderma dej?

Zhang Jinsong: Peb txiav 25 grams ntawm Ganoderma slices thiab muab tso rau hauv 500 milliliters dej distilled ntawm 100 degrees Celsius rau boil.Nrog rau tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm 80 feeb, peb muab cov tshuaj Ganoderma txhua 20 feeb los ntsuas cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide.Nws tau pom tias boiling rau 20 feeb tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo los ntawm Ganoderma, yog li thaum cov neeg siv khoom noj Ganoderma, lawv tsis tas yuav ncua lub sijhawm boiling kom tau txais cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua.

Thaum boiling Ganoderma, nws kuj yuav boiled dua.Peb kuj tau sim cov khoom xyaw nquag rau cov sij hawm uas Ganoderma boiled.Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, peb pom tias piv rau lub sij hawm ntev boiling, boiling peb zaug dua tuaj yeem nce ze li ntawm 40% ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj zog.

[GanodermaCov lus qhia txog kev noj haus]

Cov dej boiled nrog Ganoderma lucidum muaj ib tug me ntsis iab saj, thiab koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv zib mu, txiv qaub, thiab lwm yam seasonings raws li tus kheej nyiam.Npaj ib lub stew los yog congee los ntawm simmering Ganoderma lucidum nrog rau lwm cov khoom xyaw xws li nqaij qaib thiab nqaij ntshiv.Txoj kev no pab txhawb kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj ntawm Ganoderma lucidum nrog cov khoom xyaw, txhim kho lawv kev sib nrig sib nqus los ntawm lub cev.

Qhov txawvGanoderma LucidumSpore hmoov

Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi loj hauv cov hmoov spores, cov neeg siv khoom paub qhov txawv li cas?

Zhang Jinsong: Ganoderma lucidumspore hmoovyog ib qho me me ntawm cov me nyuam me me uas raug tshem tawm los ntawm ntau cov kab mob fungal hauv qab lub hau tom qab Ganoderma lucidum matures.Nws tsuas yog 4-6 micrometers thiab muaj ntau yam teebmeem, xws li txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv qaug zog, thiab txo cov ntshav siab.Ganoderma lucidum hmoov, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov hmoov zoo tshaj plaws ua los ntawm crushing Ganoderma lucidum fruiting lub cev.

Vim yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov hmoov spores, nws cov nqi kuj yog siab, tab sis qee cov tub lag luam yuav txo nws cov nqi los ntawm kev ntxiv Ganoderma lucidum hmoov rau cov hmoov spore.Peb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm peb yam: xim, saj, thiab kov.Cov xim ntawm spore hmoov yog sib sib zog nqus, ze rau kas fes xim;spore hmoov tsis muaj iab saj, thiab spore hmoov tov nrogGanodermahmoovyuav muaj iab saj;vim hais tias spore hmoov muaj roj, nws yuav moist thiab greasy, thaum Ganoderma lucidum ultra-fine hmoov yog qhuav thiab tsis hnov ​​greasy.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm "sporoderm-unbroken" thiab "sporoderm-broken" spore hmoov?

Zhang Jinsong: Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom, cov "sporoderm-unbroken" spore hmoov zoo li cov noob txiv kab ntxwv, thaum "sporoderm-pob" spore hmoov yog tawg mus rau hauv fragments.Peb tshem tawm 1 gram ntawm "sporoderm-unbroken" spore hmoov thiab "sporoderm-pob" spore hmoov raws li los ntsuas cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide.Nws tau pom tias "sporoderm-unbroken" spore hmoov yielded 26.1 milligrams ntawm polysaccharides, thaum cov ntsiab lus polysaccharide ntawm spore hmoov nce mus rau 38.9 milligrams tom qab tawg sporoderm.

Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov khoom xyaw nquag hauv Ganoderma lucidum spore hmoov, xws li rog, proteins thiab polysaccharides, yog qhwv los ntawm sporoderm.Lub sporoderm yog tawv heev, thiab nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj mob, dej, kua qaub, thiab alkali tsis tuaj yeem qhib lub sporoderm.Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv sporoderm-tawg txoj kev tuaj yeem pab tso tawm cov tshuaj nquag hauv.Yog li ntawd, los ntawm kev xaivsporoderm-tawg spore hmoov, koj tuaj yeem nqus tau cov khoom xyaw nquag.

[Cov lus qhia yuav khoom]

Yog tias koj xav yuav cov khoom zoo, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo Ganoderma fruiting lub cev thiab sporoderm-tawg Ganoderma lucidum spore hmoov, nws raug nquahu kom yuav los ntawm cov channel tsis tu ncua.Yog tias koj tsis paub meej, koj tuaj yeem siv txoj kev pom zoo hauv ntu no kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov zoo ntawm sporoderm-tawg spores hmoov, uas tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias koj yuav ntseeg tau tiag tiag.Ganodermacov khoom, tso cai rau koj noj qab haus huv thiab nrog kev thaj yeeb ntawm lub siab.

Tau qhov twg los: China Edible Fungi Association