Januwari 29, 2020 / Isibhedlela Sabantu Sesifundazwe sase-Hunan, njll. / I-Oxidative Medicine kanye Nokuphila Okude Kweselula

Umbhalo/Wu Tingyao

Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-“Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity” yi-Hunan Provincial People's Hospital kanye ne-Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomic luveze ukuthiI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids(GLTs)ingavikela amangqamuzana ezinzwa zobuchopho futhi yehlise ukukhubazeka kwengqondo okubangelwa isifo i-Alzheimer's (AD) ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezifana ne-anti-apoptosis, i-anti-oxidation, kanye ne-anti-neurofibrillary tangles.

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids ukubambezeleka kokuncipha kwengqondoiziguli ezineIsifo i-Alzheimer's.

Okokuqala,rabaphenyi baphakeleI-Ganoderma lucidumama-triterpenoids (GLTs) kuya ku-Alzheimer's disease (AD) amagundane abesevele nezimpawu zakuqala. Ngemvaizinsuku ezingu-60, bonaihlole amakhono okuqonda amagundane nge-Morris Water Maze (MWM).

Ukusebenzisa izici zamagundane ngokwemvelo azonda amanzi kanyenjalozama ukuthola indawo yokugwema amanzi, abacwaningi benza i-Morris Water Maze, okuwukumisa inkundla yokuphumula echibini elikhulu eliyindilinga ukuze abale ibanga amagundane abhukuda ngaso nesikhathi asichitha ekutholeni amagundane.ukuphumulainkundla njengezinkomba zokwahlulela ikhono lengqondoiywamagundane.Uma amagundane ehlulekile ukuthola inkundla yokuphumula (emizuzwini emibili), abacwaningi bazosiza ukuqondisaeamagundane emsamo.

Nakuba indawo yokuqala yokungena emanzini ihlukile isikhathi ngasinye, amagundane avamile asengathola ngokushesha inkundla yokuphumula ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lwansuku zonke.Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwenziwa kanye ngosuku ingqikithi yezinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye.Lapho bebala wonke amaphuzu ngokwesilinganiso, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi amagundane e-AD (AD Group) kufanele achithe isikhathi esiphindwe kabilias noma ubhukude ikota yesithathu ubude kunamagundane avamile (iqembu lokulawula) ukuze uthole inkundla yokuphumula, okubonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wokuqonda wobuchopho bamagundane e-AD wehliswe kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, amagundane e-AD adla ngemithamo ephezulu (1.4g/kg ngosuku) ye-GLTs athatha cishe isikhathi esifanayo nebanga lokubhukuda ukuze athole.iinkundla yokuphumula njengamagundane ajwayelekile kanye namagundane e-AD (iqembu lokulawula imithi yaseNtshonalanga) adliswa nge-donepezil nsuku zonke (Umfanekiso 1~2).

(Isikhathi esincane esidingekayo, ngcono ikhono lengqondo)

(Ibanga elincane elidingekayo, ngcono ikhono lengqondo)

Ngosuku olulandelayo ngemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa okungenhla, abacwaningi basusa isiteji sokuphumula echibini futhi bafaka amagundane emanzini imizuzu emibili.

Ngenxa yesipiliyoni sezinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye, amagundane avamile akhumbula indawo yokuqala yesikhulumi futhi achitha isikhathi esiningi ebhukuda endaweni yasekuqaleni ukuze abheke “inkundla enyamalalayo” kuyilapho amagundane e-Alzheimer ebhukuda ngokungenanjongo.

Ngokuphambene, amagundane e-Alzheimer's avikelwe ama-GLTs aziphatha njengamagundane avamile noma ngemithamo ephansi (0.35 g/kg ngosuku) noma imithamo ephezulu (1.4 g/kg ngosuku) futhi athola amaphuzu acishe afane nalawo e-MD afunzwa ngomuthi wasentshonalanga ( Izibalo 3 kuya ku-4).

(Uma ukuhlala isikhathi eside, kuba ngcono ikhono lengqondo)

(Uma isibalo siphezulu, kuba ngcono ikhono lengqondo)

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids gcina ubuqotho bamangqamuzana ezinzwa.

Ukuncipha kokufunda kanye nekhono lenkumbulo ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo kwasekuqaleni (ukuphazamiseka) ezigulini ezinesifo i-Alzheimer's, futhi amaseli ezinzwa aphethe lo msebenzi atholakala ku-hippocampal gyrus.Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuba abacwaningi beqedile ukuhlola okungenhla, bahlakaza ubuchopho begundane ukuze bahlole okwengeziwe.

Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi amangqamuzana ezinzwa ku-hippocampal gyrus yamagundane avamile ahlelwe kahle, afanayo ngobukhulu, avamile ngokubukeka, futhi ulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana awo kanye nama-nuclei ahlukaniswe ngokucacile;amangqamuzana ezinzwa ku-hippocampal gyrus ye-AD amagundane ahlelekile, ahlukene ngobukhulu, abukeka ngendlela engavamile, ancipha kakhulu ngenani, futhi ukwakheka kwawo kulimele ngokusobala.

Nokho, lesi simo asizange sivele kumagundane e-AD adla i-Ganoderma lucidum triterpeni-oids.Amaseli e-neuronal ku-gyrus yawo ye-hippocampal asagcine izinga eliphezulu lobuqotho, futhi kwakungekho necrosis yeseli esobala, okubonisa ukuthiI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids ibe nomthelela wokuvikela ku-hippocampal gyrus (Umfanekiso 5).

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids kunciphisa ama-neurofibrillary tangles.

Ngasikhathi sinye, abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi inani lama-neurofibrillary tangles ku-cerebral cortex (ukugcina inkumbulo yesikhathi eside) kanye nezicubu ze-hippocampal gyrus kumagundane e-AD avikelweI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids yayiphansi kakhulu kunaleyo kumagundane e-AD angalashwanga (Umfanekiso 6).

I-Neurofibrillary tangles ingenye yezimpawu eziyinhloko zesifo i-Alzheimer's.Ngokungafani ne-amyloid deposits eyenzeka ngaphandle kwamaseli, ama-neurofibrillary tangles avela kumaseli ezinzwa ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-"tau protein".

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, amaprotheni e-tau abophezela ku-cytoskeleton (ama-microtubules) ukuze asize ukwakheka nokuzinza kwe-cytoskeleton.Kodwa-ke, iphrotheni ye-tau ebuchosheni beziguli ezinesifo i-Alzheimer's izoshintsha futhi ayikwazi ukubopha ku-cytoskeleton.Ngenxa yalokho, iphrotheni ye-tau izohlangana ibe amaqoqo ukuze yakhe lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "ama-neurofibrillary tangles", aqoqana kumaseli futhi aphazamise umsebenzi wamaseli.I-cytoskeleton engenawo amaprotheni e-tao kancane kancane izohlaneka futhi ihlakazeke, okuholela ekufeni kwamangqamuzana.

Inani lama-neurofibrillary tangles libonisa izinga lokuwohloka kwesifo i-Alzheimer's.Ngakho-ke, i-Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids ingavimbela ukwakheka kwama-neurofibrillary tangles, okufanele kube enye yezindlela ezibalulekileI-Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenoids ukubambezela ukwehla kwengqondo ku-Alzheimer's disease.

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpeni-oids yehlisa i-apoptosis ye-nerve cell.

NomaI-β-amyloid deposition noma i-neurofibrillary tangles izoqala uhlelo lokuzibulala lweseli futhi ikhuthaze i-apoptosis yamaseli ezinzwa.Njengoba amangqamuzana ezinzwa engeziwe efa, imisebenzi eminingi iyalahleka, kanye ne-cognitive declineokubangelwa isifo i-Alzheimer's kuba nzima kakhulu.

Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwezicubu ze-hippocampal gyrus zeqembu ngalinye lamagundane okuhlola, kungatholakala ukuthi izinga lokufa kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa kumagundane e-AD lingaphezu kokuphindwe kane kwamagundane avamile weminyaka efanayo;nakuba umthamo omkhuluI-Ganodermalucidumi-triterpeni-oids ayikwazi ngokuphelelepbuyisela i-apoptosis engavamile yamangqamuzana ezinzwa,bonahaveikwazile ukunciphisa umonakalo ngohhafu, futhi umphumela uqhathaniseka nowemithi yasentshonalanga (Umfanekiso 7).

Abacwaningi baphinde bahlaziya bathola ukuthi kumagundane e-AD agcinwa yiI-Ganoderma lucidumama-triterpenoids, amangqamuzana ezinzwa zobuchopho anomshini onamandla wokulwa ne-oxidant ukulwa nomonakalo we-oxidative obangelwa iphrotheni ye-β-amyloid futhi indlela ye-cell apoptosis ayisebenzi kalula.Ngamanye amazwi, i-Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes iqinisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa zobuchopho, okuwenza akwazi ukuphila futhi asebenze endaweni enzima.

I-Ganoderma lucidumama-polysaccharides nawo ayasiza.

Imiphumela yocwaningo engenhla ikhombisa lokhoI-Ganoderma lucidumI-triterpenoids, ngemva kokungena emgudwini wesisu nge-esophagus, inganciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo se-Alzheimer ngokusebenzisa i-anti-oxidation, i-anti-apoptosis, ne-anti-neurofibrillary tangles.

Eqinisweni, umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides ayikhobuthakakunaleyo ye-Ganoderma lucidum triterpeni-oids.Ngo-2017, ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ngokuhlanganyela ku-"Stem Cell Reports" yiNyuvesi yaseTongji kanye ne-Chinese Academy of Sciences yafakazela ukuthi ukugcinwa isikhathi esideI-Ganoderma lucidumukukhishwa kwamanzi nomaI-Ganoderma lucidumama-polysaccharides anganciphisa amadiphozithi e-β-amyloid ebuchosheni bamagundane e-AD, asize ukwanda kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ku-hippocampal gyrus futhi abambezele ukwehla kokufunda nenkumbulo.(Ukuze uthole imininingwane, bheka:I-Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharidesukunciphisa ukwehla kwengqondo okubangelwa isifo i-Alzheimer's)

I-Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenoids futhiI-Ganoderma lucidumama-polysaccharides abonakala enemiphumela ehlukene ekuvikeleni ubuchopho ngesifo i-Alzheimer's.Angakwaziumphumela ohlangene walokhu okubili wehlisa ijubane ukuqhubeka kwesifo i-Alzheimer's?

Uma isifo i-Alzheimer's senzeke, kuba nzima ukusihlehlisa.Nokho, umaweingagcina amakhono engqondo engeziwe, okuhlanganisa ukufunda nenkumbulo, kuwethuimpilo enomkhawulo,weangase abe nethuba lokuba ngcono nge-Alzheimer's disease.

Umthombo

1. U-Yu N, nabanye.I-Ganoderma lucidumI-Triterpenoids (GLTs) Yehlisa I-Neuronal Apoptosis Ngokuvinjelwa Kwendlela Yesiginali ye-ROCK ku-APP/PS1 Amagundane e-Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease.I-Oxid Med Cell Longev.2020;2020: 9894037.

2. U-Huang S, nabanye.Polysaccharides kusukaI-Ganoderma lucidumThuthukisa Umsebenzi Wokuqonda kanye Nokwanda Kwe-Neural Progenitor kumodeli yegundane ye-Alzheimer's Disease.Imibiko Yeseli Yesiqu.2017 Jan 10;8(1):84-94.doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.12.007.

PHELA

Mayelana nombhali/ Nks. Wu Tingyao

U-Wu Tingyao ubelokhu ebika mathuphaI-Ganoderma lucidumulwazi kusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali weUkwelapha nge-Ganoderma(ishicilelwe ku-People's Medical Publishing House ngo-Ephreli 2017).

★ Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ngaphansi kwegunya elikhethekile lombhali ★ Le misebenzi engenhla ayikwazi ukuphinda ikhiqizwe, icashunwe noma isetshenziswe ngezinye izindlela ngaphandle kokugunyazwa umlobi ★ Ukwephulwa kwesitatimende esingenhla, umbhali uzoqhuba izibopho zayo zomthetho ezihlobene ★ The original umbhalo walesi sihloko ubhalwe ngesiShayina nguWu Tingyao futhi wahunyushelwa esiNgisini ngu-Alfred Liu.Uma kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhumusha (isiNgisi) kanye nokwangempela (isiShayina), isiShayina sangempela siyonqoba.Uma abafundi benemibuzo, sicela uthinte umbhali wokuqala, uNksz. Wu Tingyao.