January 29, 2020 / Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, etc. / Oxidative Medicine ndi Cellular Longevity

Mawu/Wu Tingyao

Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu "Oxidative Medicine ndi Cellular Longevity" ndi Hunan Provincial People's Hospital ndi Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomic adanena kuti.Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenayis(GLTs)imatha kuteteza maselo a minyewa ya muubongo ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's (AD) kudzera munjira monga anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, ndi anti-neurofibrillary tangles.

Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenayis kuchedwa kuchepa kwachidziwitsoodwala ndiMatenda a Alzheimer's.

Choyamba,rofufuza amadyetsedwaGanoderma lucidumtriterpenoids (GLTs) ku matenda a Alzheimer's (AD) mbewa zomwe zinali ndi zizindikiro zoyamba. Pambuyo60 masiku, iwoadayesa luntha la mbewa ndi Morris Water Maze (MWM).

Kutengerapo mwayi pazikhalidwe za mbewa zomwe mwachibadwa zimadana ndi madzi ndinthawi zonseyesetsani kupeza malo oti mupewe madzi, ofufuzawo adachita Morris Water Maze, yomwe ndi kukhazikitsa nsanja yopumula mu dziwe lalikulu lozungulira kuti awerengere mtunda womwe mbewa zimasambira komanso nthawi yomwe amathera pofufuzakupumansanja ngati indexes kuweruza luso lachidziwitsoiziza mbewa.Ngati mbewa zalephera kupeza malo opumira (mphindi ziwiri), ochita kafukufuku athandiza kutsogoleraembewa ku nsanja.

Ngakhale koyambira kulowa m'madzi kumakhala kosiyana nthawi iliyonse, mbewa zabwinobwino zimathabe kupeza malo opumira mwachangu kudzera muzochitika zatsiku ndi tsiku.Kuyesera koteroko kunkachitika kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku asanu ndi anayi.Powerengera ziwerengero zonse pafupifupi, ofufuzawo adapeza kuti mbewa za AD (AD Gulu) ziyenera kukhala nthawi yayitali kawirias kapena kusambira katatu kotala kuposa mbewa zachibadwa (gulu lolamulira) kuti mupeze malo opumira, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti chidziwitso cha ubongo wa mbewa za AD chimawonongeka kwambiri.

Komabe, mbewa za AD zodyetsedwa ndi Mlingo wambiri (1.4g/kg patsiku) za GLT zimatenga pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo komanso mtunda wosambira kuti upeze.ndinsanja yopumira ngati mbewa zabwinobwino ndi mbewa za AD (gulu loyang'anira mankhwala aku Western) amadyetsedwa ndi donepezil tsiku lililonse (Chithunzi 1 ~ 2).

(Pakafunika nthawi yochepa, luso la kulingalira bwino)

(Pakafunika mtunda wocheperako, luso lozindikira bwino)

Tsiku lotsatira pambuyo pa kutha kwa kuyesa pamwambapa, ochita kafukufuku anachotsa nsanja yopumula mu dziwe ndikuyika mbewa m'madzi kwa mphindi ziwiri.

Chifukwa cha masiku asanu ndi anayi apitawo, mbewa zabwinobwino zimakumbukira malo oyambilira a nsanjayo ndipo zimathera nthawi yochulukirapo akusambira mozungulira malo oyamba kuti ayang'ane "malo osokera" pomwe mbewa za Alzheimer zidasambira popanda cholinga.

Mosiyana ndi izi, mbewa za Alzheimer's zotetezedwa ndi GLTs zinkakhala ngati mbewa zabwinobwino ngakhale pamlingo wochepa (0.35 g/kg patsiku) kapena mlingo waukulu (1.4 g/kg patsiku) ndipo zidapeza pafupifupi zofanana ndi mbewa za MD zomwe zimadyetsedwa ndi mankhwala akumadzulo ( Zithunzi 3 mpaka 4).

(Kukhala nthawi yayitali, kumapangitsanso luso la kuzindikira)

(Kuchuluka kwa gawo kumapangitsanso luso la kuzindikira)

Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenayis kusunga umphumphu wa minyewa maselo.

Kuchepa kwa kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira ndikoyamba kuchepa kwa chidziwitso (kusokonezeka) kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's, ndipo ma cell a mitsempha omwe amayang'anira ntchitoyi amakhala mu hippocampal gyrus.Chifukwa chake, ochita kafukufuku atamaliza zoyeserera pamwambapa, adagawa ubongo wa mbewa kuti awunikenso.

Zotsatirazo zinawonetsa kuti maselo a mitsempha mu hippocampal gyrus ya mbewa zabwinobwino amakonzedwa bwino, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe okhazikika, ndipo ma cell awo ndi ma nuclei amagawidwa momveka bwino;maselo a mitsempha mu hippocampal gyrus ya AD mbewa ndi zosalongosoka, zosiyana kukula kwake, zosaoneka bwino, zimachepetsedwa kwambiri chiwerengero, ndipo kapangidwe kake kakuwonongeka mwachiwonekere.

Komabe, izi sizinawonekere mu mbewa za AD zomwe zimadya Ganoderma lucidum triterpenayis.Maselo a neuronal mu hippocampal gyrus awo adasungabe kukhulupirika kwakukulu, ndipo panalibe cell necrosis yodziwika bwino, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutiGanoderma lucidumtriterpenayis inali ndi chitetezo pa gyrus ya hippocampal (Chithunzi 5).

Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenayis kuchepetsa ma neurofibrillary tangles.

Nthawi yomweyo, ofufuzawo adapezanso kuti kuchuluka kwa ma neurofibrillary tangles mu cerebral cortex (kusunga kukumbukira kwanthawi yayitali) ndi minofu ya hippocampal gyrus mu mbewa za AD zotetezedwa ndiGanoderma lucidumtriterpenayis inali yotsika kwambiri kuposa ya mbewa za AD zosagwiritsidwa ntchito (Chithunzi 6).

Neurofibrillary tangles ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda a Alzheimer's.Mosiyana ndi ma amyloid deposits omwe amapezeka kunja kwa maselo, ma neurofibrillary tangles amapezeka m'maselo a mitsempha chifukwa cha kusintha kwa "tau protein".

Nthawi zambiri, mapuloteni a tau amamanga ku cytoskeleton (microtubules) kuti athandize kupanga ndi kukhazikika kwa cytoskeleton.Komabe, mapuloteni a tau mu ubongo wa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's amasintha ndipo sangagwirizane ndi cytoskeleton.Chotsatira chake, mapuloteni a tau adzaphatikizana m'magulu kuti apange zomwe zimatchedwa "neurofibrillary tangles", zomwe zimadziunjikira m'maselo ndikusokoneza ntchito ya maselo.Ma cytoskeleton omwe alibe mapuloteni a tao pang'onopang'ono amasokonekera ndikusweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo afe.

Kuchuluka kwa ma neurofibrillary tangles kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.Chifukwa chake, Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids imatha kulepheretsa mapangidwe a neurofibrillary tangles, yomwe iyenera kukhala imodzi mwamakina ofunikira kuti athetse vutoli.Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenoids kuti achedwetse kuchepa kwa chidziwitso mu matenda a Alzheimer's.

Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenayis kuchepetsa mitsempha ya apoptosis.

Mwinansoβ-amyloid deposition kapena neurofibrillary tangles idzayambitsa pulogalamu yodzipha ya selo ndikulimbikitsa apoptosis ya mitsempha ya mitsempha.Maselo ambiri a mitsempha akamwalira, ntchito zambiri zimatayika, ndipo chidziwitso cha declinichifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's amakhala ovuta kwambiri.

Kuchokera pakuwunika kwa minofu ya hippocampal gyrus ya gulu lililonse la mbewa zoyesera, zikhoza kupezeka kuti imfa ya maselo a mitsempha mu AD mbewa ndi yoposa kanayi ya mbewa za msinkhu womwewo;ngakhale mlingo waukuluGanodermalucidumtriterpenayis sangathe kwathunthupkuletsa apoptosis yachilendo ya ma cell a mitsempha,iwohaveatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka, ndipo zotsatira zake zikufanana ndi zachipatala chakumadzulo (Chithunzi 7).

Ofufuzawo adasanthulanso ndikupeza kuti mu AD mbewa zimasungidwa ndiGanoderma lucidumtriterpenoids, ma cell a minyewa ya muubongo ali ndi njira yamphamvu yotsutsa-oxidant kuti athane ndi kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mapuloteni a β-amyloid ndipo makina a cell apoptosis samatsegulidwa mosavuta.Mwanjira ina, Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes imalimbitsa kulimbikira kwa ma cell a mitsempha ya muubongo, kuwapangitsa kukhala okhoza kupulumuka ndikugwira ntchito pamalo ovuta.

Ganoderma lucidumMa polysaccharides amathandizanso.

Zotsatira za kafukufuku zomwe zili pamwambazi zikusonyeza kutiGanoderma lucidumtriterpenoids, pambuyo polowa m'mimba kudzera m'mimba, imatha kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matenda a Alzheimer's kudzera mu anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, ndi anti-neurofibrillary tangles.

Ndipotu zotsatira zaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ayichofookakuposa Ganoderma lucidum triterpenayis.Mu 2017, kafukufuku yemwe adasindikizidwa mu "Stem Cell Reports" ndi Tongji University ndi Chinese Academy of Sciences adatsimikizira kuti kukonza kwanthawi yayitali ndiGanoderma lucidumkuchotsa madzi kapenaGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides amatha kuchepetsa ma depositi a β-amyloid muubongo wa mbewa za AD, kuthandizira kuchulukira kwa ma cell a minyewa mu hippocampal gyrus ndikuchepetsa kuchepa kwa kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira.(Kuti mumve zambiri, onani:Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharideskuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's)

Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenoids ndiGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides amawoneka kuti ali ndi zotsatira zosiyanasiyana poteteza ubongo ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.Muthazotsatira zophatikizana ziwirizi zimachepetsa kukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's?

Matenda a Alzheimer akayamba, zimakhala zovuta kuti asinthe.Komabe, ngatiweamatha kusunga luso lachidziwitso, kuphatikizapo kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira, muwathumoyo wocheperako,weakhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala bwino ndi matenda a Alzheimer's.

Gwero

1. Yu N, ndi al.Ganoderma lucidumTriterpenoids (GLTs) Kuchepetsa Neuronal Apoptosis kudzera Kuletsa ROCK Signal Pathway mu APP/PS1 Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice.Oxid Med Cell Longev.2020;2020: 9894037.

2. Huang S, ndi al.Polysaccharides kuchokeraGanoderma lucidumLimbikitsani Ntchito Yachidziwitso ndi Neural Progenitor Proliferation mu Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Malipoti a Stem Cell.2017 Jan 10; 8 (1): 84-94.doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.12.007.

TSIRIZA

Za wolemba/ Mayi Wu Tingyao

Wu Tingyao wakhala akunena za zomwe zikuchitikaGanoderma lucidumzambiri kuyambira 1999. Iye ndi mlembi waKuchiza ndi Ganoderma(lofalitsidwa mu The People's Medical Publishing House mu April 2017).

★ Nkhaniyi yasindikizidwa ndi chilolezo cha mlembi ★ Ntchito zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingabwerezedwe, kutsanulidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ina popanda chilolezo cha wolemba ★ Kuphwanya mawu omwe ali pamwambawa, wolemba adzakwaniritsa udindo wake wazamalamulo ★ Zoyambirira Nkhaniyi idalembedwa m'Chitchaina ndi Wu Tingyao ndikumasuliridwa m'Chingerezi ndi Alfred Liu.Ngati pali kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa kumasulira (Chingerezi) ndi choyambirira (Chitchaina), Chitchaina choyambirira chidzapambana.Ngati owerenga ali ndi mafunso, lemberani wolemba woyamba, Mayi Wu Tingyao.