NgoJanuwari 29, 2020 / iSibhedlele saBantu sePhondo saseHunan, njl. / i-Oxidative Medicine kunye noKuphila ixesha elide

Umbhalo/Wu Tingyao

Uphononongo olupapashwe "kwi-Oxidative Medicine kunye ne-Cellular Longevity" yiSibhedlele sePhondo sase-Hunan kunye ne-Hunan yePhondo yeLebhu yeNgxaki eNgxamisekileyo kunye ne-Critical Care Metabonomic yabonisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids(GLTs)inokukhusela iiseli zemithambo-luvo kunye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubangelwa sisifo se-Alzheimer (AD) ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezifana ne-anti-apoptosis, i-anti-oxidation, kunye ne-anti-neurofibrillary tangles.

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids ukulibaziseka ukuhla kwengqondoizigulane ezineIsifo sika-Alzheimer.

Ekuqaleni,rabakhangeli bondliweI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids (GLTs) kwi-Alzheimer's disease (AD) iimpuku eziye zavelisa iimpawu zokuqala. Emva kokoIintsuku ezingama-60, bonaivavanye isakhono sokuqonda seempuku ngeMorris Water Maze (MWM).

Ukuthatha inzuzo yeempawu zeempuku ezizonda ngokwemvelo amanzi kunyerhoqozama ukufumana indawo yokuphepha amanzi, abaphandi baqhube i-Morris Water Maze, leyo kukuseka iqonga lokuphumla kwichibi elikhulu elijikelezayo ukubala umgama iimpuku eziqubha kunye nexesha abalichitha ekufumaneniukuphumlaiqonga njengezalathisi zokugweba amandla okuqondaEweyeempuku.Ukuba iigundane azikwazanga ukufumana iqonga lokuphumla (ngemizuzu emibini), abaphandi baya kunceda isikhokeloeiimpuku eqongeni.

Nangona indawo yokuqala yokungena emanzini yahlukile ixesha ngalinye, iimpuku eziqhelekileyo zisenokufumana ngokukhawuleza iqonga lokuphumla ngamava emihla ngemihla.Uvavanyo olunjalo lwenziwa kanye ngemini kangangeentsuku ezilithoba zizonke.Ukubala onke amanqaku ngokomyinge, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba iigundane ze-AD (AD Group) kufuneka zichithe kabini ixesha elideas okanye ukuqubha iikota ezintathu ubude kuneempuku eziqhelekileyo (iqela lolawulo) ukufumana iqonga lokuphumla, elibonisa ukuba umsebenzi wokuqonda kwengqondo yeempuku ze-AD uthotywa kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpuku ze-AD zondliwa ngamaxabiso aphezulu (1.4g/kg ngosuku) ye-GLTs zithathe phantse ixesha elifanayo kunye nomgama wokuqubha ukufumana.iiqonga lokuphumla njengamagundane aqhelekileyo kunye neegundane ze-AD (iqela lokulawula amayeza aseNtshona) ezondliwa nge-donepezil yonke imihla (Umfanekiso 1 ~ 2).

(Ixesha elincinci elifunekayo, ngcono isakhono sengqondo)

(Umgama omncinci ofunekayo, ngcono isakhono sengqondo)

Ngosuku olulandelayo emva kokuphela kovavanyo olungentla, abaphandi basusa iqonga lokuphumla echibini kwaye babeka iigundane emanzini imizuzu emibini.

Ngenxa yeentsuku ezilithoba zangaphambili zamava, iimpuku eziqhelekileyo zikhumbule indawo yokuqala yeqonga kwaye zichithe ixesha elininzi ziqubha kwindawo yokuqala zijonge “iqonga elinyamalalayo” ngelixa iimpuku ze-Alzheimer zazidada ngokungenanjongo.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iimpuku ze-Alzheimer ezikhuselweyo yi-GLTs ziziphatha njengeempuku eziqhelekileyo nokuba ngamadosi aphantsi (0.35 g/kg ngosuku) okanye iidosi eziphezulu (1.4 g/kg ngosuku) kwaye zafumana amanqaku aphantse afane nezo ze-MD zondliwe ngamayeza asentshona. Amanani 3 ukuya ku-4).

(Okukhona uhlala ixesha elide, ngcono isakhono sokuqonda)

(Okukhona uphezulu umlinganiselo, kokukhona ngcono isakhono sokuqonda)

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids ukugcina ingqibelelo yeeseli zemithambo-luvo.

Ukuncipha kokufunda kunye nokukwazi ukukhumbula ukuhla komsebenzi wokuqonda (ukuphazamiseka) kwizigulane ezine-Alzheimer's disease, kunye neeseli ze-nerve eziphethe lo msebenzi zifumaneka kwi-hippocampal gyrus.Ke ngoko, emva kokuba abaphandi begqibile le mifuniselo ingentla, bachitha ingqondo yemouse ukuze baqhubeke novavanyo.

Iziphumo zibonise ukuba iiseli ze-nerve kwi-hippocampal gyrus yeempuku eziqhelekileyo zicwangciswe kakuhle, zifanayo ngobukhulu, zibonakala ziqhelekileyo, kunye ne-membrane yeeseli kunye neenuclei zicaciswe ngokucacileyo;iiseli ze-nerve kwi-hippocampal gyrus ye-AD iigundane zicwangciswe ngokungahambi kakuhle, ezahlukeneyo ngobukhulu, zingabonakali ngokungaqhelekanga, ziyancipha kakhulu ngenani, kwaye isakhiwo sayo sonakaliswe ngokucacileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, le meko ayizange ibonakale kwiimpuku ze-AD ezitya i-Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids.Iiseli ze-neuronal kwi-hippocampal gyrus yazo zisagcina iqondo eliphezulu lokuthembeka, kwaye kwakungekho necrosis yeseli ecacileyo, ebonisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoidI-s yayinempembelelo yokukhusela kwi-hippocampal gyrus (Umfanekiso 5).

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids ukunciphisa i-neurofibrillary tangles.

Ngelo xesha, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba inani le-neurofibrillary tangles kwi-cerebral cortex (ukugcina imemori yexesha elide) kunye ne-hippocampal gyrus tissue kwiigundane ze-AD ezikhuselweyo.I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids yayisezantsi kakhulu kuneempuku ze-AD ezingaphathwanga (Umfanekiso 6).

I-Neurofibrillary tangles yenye yeempawu eziphambili ze-Alzheimer's disease.Ngokungafani neediphozithi ze-amyloid ezenzeka ngaphandle kweeseli, i-neurofibrillary tangles ivela kwiiseli ze-nerve ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe "tau protein".

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, iprotheni ye-tau ibophelela kwi-cytoskeleton (microtubules) ukunceda ukubunjwa kunye nokuzinza kwe-cytoskeleton.Nangona kunjalo, iprotein ye-tau ebuchotsheni yezigulane ezinesifo se-Alzheimer iya kutshintsha kwaye ayikwazi ukubopha kwi-cytoskeleton.Ngenxa yoko, iprotheni ye-tau iya kudibanisa ibe ngamaqela ukwenza oko kuthiwa "i-neurofibrillary tangles", eqokelela kwiiseli kwaye iphazamise umsebenzi weeseli.I-cytoskeleton eswele iprotein ye-tao iya kuphazamiseka ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ichithakale, okukhokelela ekufeni kweeseli.

Inani le-neurofibrillary tangles libonisa iqondo lokuwohloka kwesifo i-Alzheimer's.Ngoko ke, i-Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids inokuthintela ukubunjwa kwe-neurofibrillary tangles, ekufuneka ibe yenye yeendlela ezibalulekileyoI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids ukulibazisa ukuhla kwengqondo kwi-Alzheimer's disease.

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids ukunciphisa i-nerve cell apoptosis.

OkanyeI-β-amyloid deposition okanye i-neurofibrillary tangles iya kuqalisa inkqubo yokuzibulala yeseli kwaye ikhuthaze i-apoptosis yeeseli ze-nerve.Njengoko iiseli zemithambo-luvo zisifa, imisebenzi emininzi iyalahleka, kunye ne-cognitive dehlalaokubangelwa sisifo sika-Alzheimer siya sisiba nzima.

Ukususela kuhlalutyo lwe-hippocampal gyrus tissue yeqela ngalinye leegundane zokulinga, kunokufumaneka ukuba izinga lokufa kweeseli ze-nerve kwi-AD iigundane zingaphezu kwamaxesha amane eegundane eziqhelekileyo zeminyaka efanayo;nangona idosi ephezuluI-Ganodermalucidumi-triterpenoids ayikwazi ngokupheleleyopukubuyisela i-apoptosis engaqhelekanga yeeseli zemithambo-luvo,bonahayiveikwazile ukunciphisa umonakalo ngesiqingatha, kwaye umphumo uthelekiseka naleyo yeyeza lasentshona (Umfanekiso 7).

Abaphandi bahlalutya ngakumbi kwaye bafumanisa ukuba kwiimpuku ze-AD zigcinwe yiI-Ganoderma lucidumi-triterpenoids, iiseli zemithambo-luvo zinesixhobo esinamandla sokulwa ne-oxidant yokulwa nomonakalo owenziwe yi-β-amyloid protein kwaye indlela ye-cell apoptosis ayisebenzi lula.Ngamanye amazwi, iGanoderma lucidum triterpenes yomeleza ukuxhathisa koxinzelelo lweeseli zemithambo-luvo, zibenza bakwazi ukuphila kwaye basebenze kwindawo enzima.

I-Ganoderma lucidumIipolysaccharides nazo ziluncedo.

Iziphumo zophando ezingentla zibonisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumI-triterpenoids, emva kokungena kwi-gastrointestinal tract ngokusebenzisa i-esophagus, inokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo se-Alzheimer ngokusebenzisa i-anti-oxidation, i-anti-apoptosis, kunye ne-anti-neurofibrillary tangles.

Enyanisweni, umphumo weI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides ayikhobuthathakakunaleyo yeGanoderma lucidum triterpenoids.Ngo-2017, uphando olupapashwe ngokudibeneyo "kwiNgxelo zeSeli zeStem" yiYunivesithi yaseTongji kunye neChina Academy of Sciences ibonise ukuba ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunyeI-Ganoderma lucidumisicatshulwa samanzi okanyeI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides inokunciphisa i-β-amyloid deposits kwiingqondo zeempuku ze-AD, incedise ukwanda kweeseli ze-nerve precursor kwi-gyrus ye-hippocampal kwaye icothise ukwehla kokufunda kunye nememori.(Ukufumana iinkcukacha, bona:Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharidesukunciphisa ukuhla kwengqondo okubangelwa sisifo sika-Alzheimer)

I-Ganoderma lucidumtriterpenoids kunyeI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides zibonakala zineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo ekukhuseleni ingqondo ngesifo sika-Alzheimer.Ngabaisiphumo esidityanisiweyo sesibini sinciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-Alzheimer's disease?

Xa isifo sika-Alzheimer sisenzeka, kunzima ukusibuyisela umva.Nangona kunjalo, ukubaweinokugcina izakhono zokuqonda ngakumbi, kubandakanya ukufunda kunye nenkumbulo, kwiwethuubomi obulinganiselweyo,weunokuba nethuba lokuba ngcono nge-Alzheimer's disease.

Umthombo

1. UYu N, kunye nabanye.I-Ganoderma lucidumI-Triterpenoids (GLTs) Nciphisa i-Neuronal Apoptosis ngokusebenzisa i-Inhibition ye-ROCK Signal Pathway kwi-APP/PS1 i-Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice.Oxid Med Iseli Longev.2020;2020: 9894037.

2. UHuang S, nabanye.Iipolysaccharides ukusukaI-Ganoderma lucidumUkukhuthaza uMsebenzi weNgcaciso kunye ne-Neural Progenitor Proliferation kwiMouse Model ye-Alzheimer's Disease.IiNgxelo zeeseli zeStem.2017 Jan 10; 8 (1): 84-94.doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.12.007.

ISIPHELO

Malunga nombhali/ Nksz. Wu Tingyao

UWu Tingyao unike ingxelo okokuqalaI-Ganoderma lucidumulwazi ukususela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali weUkunyanga ngeGanoderma(ipapashwe kwiNdlu yePeople's Medical Publishing House ngo-Epreli 2017).

★ Eli nqaku lipapashwa phantsi kogunyaziso olukhethekileyo lombhali ★ Le misebenzi ingentla ayinakuphinda kuveliswe, icatshulwe okanye isetyenziswe ngezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa ngumbhali ★ Ukwaphulwa kwale nkcazo ingasentla, umbhali uya kuqhuba uxanduva lwakhe lomthetho olunxulumeneyo ★ Eyokuqala umbhalo weli nqaku ubhalwe ngesiTshayina nguWu Tingyao kwaye waguqulelwa kwisiNgesi nguAlfred Liu.Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungangqinelani phakathi kwenguqulelo (isiNgesi) kunye neyoqobo (isiTshayina), isiTshayina sokuqala siya koyisa.Ukuba abafundi banayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali wokuqala, uNks. Wu Tingyao.