Ederede/Zhi-bin LIN (Prọfesọ nke Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ọgwụ Ọgwụ, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mahadum Peking nke Basic Medical Sciences)
★ A na-ebipụta akụkọ a site na ganodermanews.com.E ji ikike onye odee bipụta ya.

Kedu ka Lingzhi (nke a na-akpọkwa Ganoderma ma ọ bụ Reishi ero) si arụ ọrụ mgbochi ya?A na-anabatakarị na Lingzhi na-egbochi nje virus na-awakpo ahụ mmadụ na-agbasa ma na-emebi ahụ site n'ịkwalite usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ.Lingzhi nwekwara ike ibelata mbufụt nke nje a na-emebi na mmebi akụkụ ahụ dị mkpa dị ka ngụgụ, obi, imeju na akụrụ site na mmetụta mgbochi oxidative na free radical.Na mgbakwunye, enwere akụkọ nyocha kemgbe 1980 na Lingzhi, ọkachasị triterpenoids dị na ya, nwere mmetụta mgbochi na nje dị iche iche.

Prọfesọ Zhi-bin LIN etinyela aka na nyocha nke Lingzhinkà mmụta ọgwụ maka ọkara narị afọ ma bụrụ onye ọsụ ụzọ na nyocha nke Lingzhi na China.(Foto/Wu Tingyao)

Ọrịa Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ka na-ekesa ma gbasaa n'ụwa niile.Mgbochi na ịchịkwa ọrịa na-efe efe, ịgwọ ndị ọrịa na ịkwụsị ọrịa ahụ bụ atụmanya na ọrụ nkịtị nke ọha mmadụ niile.Site na akụkọ mgbasa ozi dị iche iche, enwere m obi ụtọ ịhụ ọtụtụGanoderma lucidumNdị na-emepụta ihe na-enye onyinye mgbochi ọrịa na ngwaahịa Lingzhi na mpaghara ọrịa na ndị otu ahụike nye Hubei.Enwere m olile anya na Lingzhi nwere ike inye aka gbochie oyi baa coronavirus ọhụrụ ma chebe ndị dọkịta na ndị ọrịa.

Onye kpatara ọrịa a bụ coronavirus novel 2019 (SARS-CoV-2).Tupu enwee ọgwụ mgbochi coronavirus ọhụrụ na ọgwụ mgbochi, ụzọ kacha ochie na nke dị irè bụ ichebe ndị ọrịa, na-eduzi ọgwụgwọ mgbaàmà na nkwado, kwalite ọgụ, gbochie nje ibute na imebi akụkụ ahụ na anụ ahụ dị mkpa ma mechaa merie ọrịa ahụ.Maka ndị nwere ahụ ike, ịkwalite usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-enyere aka iguzogide mwakpo nje.

Na mgbakwunye, ngalaba ahụike na-anwa ịchọta ọgwụ ndị nwere ike ịlụso nje ọhụrụ a ọgụ site na ọgwụ nje ndị dị adị.Enwere ọtụtụ asịrị na ịntanetị.Ma ha dị irè ma ọ bụ na ha adịghị arụ ọrụ, enwetabeghị nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ.

Lingzhi na-akwalite ikike mgbochi nje nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ.

Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidumnaGanoderma sinensis) bụ ihe eji eme ọgwụ ọdịnala ndị China nke etinyere na Pharmacopoeia nke Republic of China (Nkebi nke mbụ), nke Lingzhi nwere ike ịgbakwunye qi, irighiri akwara dị jụụ, belata ụkwara na ụkwara ume ọkụ, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka enweghị isi, ehighị ụra nke ọma, palpitation. ụkọ ngụgụ na ụkwara na ịma jijiji, ọrịa na-eri nri na mkpụmkpụ ume, na enweghị agụụ.Ka ọ dị ugbu a, akwadola ihe karịrị otu narị ụdị ọgwụ Lingzhi ka ọ bụrụ ahịa maka mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa.

Ọmụmụ ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ egosila na Lingzhi nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, guzogide ike ọgwụgwụ, melite ụra, guzogide oxidation na scavening free radicals, ma chebe obi, ụbụrụ, ngụgụ, imeju na akụrụ.Ejirila ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ adjuvant nke bronchitis na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa akụkụ okuku ume na-emegharị ugboro ugboro, ụkwara ume ọkụ na ọrịa ndị ọzọ.

Kedu ka Lingzhi si arụ ọrụ antiviral ya?A na-anabatakarị na Lingzhi na-egbochi nje virus na-awakpo ahụ mmadụ na-agbasa ma na-emebi ahụ site n'ịkwalite usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ.

Ọ bụ ezie na nje virus ahụ dị oke egwu, a ga-emecha kpochapụ ya n'ihu nchebe siri ike.A tụlere nke a n'isiokwu bụ "Lingzhi na-akwalite mgbochi" nke e bipụtara na mbipụta 58 nke "GANODERMA" na isiokwu bụ "Ihe ndabere makaGanoderma lucidumiji gbochie influenza - Mgbe enwere ezi ahụike zuru oke n'ime, ihe ndị na-akpata ọrịa enweghị ụzọ isi wakpo ahụ" nke e bipụtara na mbipụta 46 nke "GANODERMA".

Na nchịkọta, otu bụ na Lingzhi nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ nchebe nke ahụ na-abụghị nke a kapịrị ọnụ dị ka ịkwalite mmụba, ọdịiche na ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ dendritic, na-eme ka ọrụ phagocytic nke mononuclear macrophages na mkpụrụ ndụ egbu egbu, na igbochi nje na nje bacteria ịwakpo mmadụ. ahu.Nke abụọ, Lingzhi nwere ike ịkwalite ọrụ mgbochi na sel dị ka ịkwalite mmepụta nke Immunoglobulin M (IgM) na Immunoglobulin G (IgG), ịba ụba nke T lymphocytes na B lymphocytes, na ịkwalite mmepụta nke cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-). 1), Interleukin-2 (IL-2) na interferon gamma (IFN-γ).

Immunity humoral na mgbochi cellular mejupụtara ahịrị nchebe miri emi nke ahụ megide nje na nje nje.Ha nwere ike igbachi ebumnuche ndị a kapịrị ọnụ iji chebe ma kpochapụ nje na nje bacteria na-awakpo ahụ.Mgbe ọrụ ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ dị ala n'ihi ihe dị iche iche, Lingzhi nwekwara ike imeziwanye ọrụ mgbochi ahụ.

Na mgbakwunye, Lingzhi nwekwara ike ibelata mbufụt nke nje na-emebi na nje na-emebi akụkụ ahụ dị mkpa dị ka ngụgụ, obi, imeju, akụrụ, ma gbochie ma ọ bụ belata mgbaàmà site na mmetụta mgbochi oxidant na free radical.Na mbipụta 75 nke “GANODERMA”, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe maka nkọwa na mkpa mgbochi oxidant na radical free radical.Ganoderma lucidumna mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa a na-atụle kpọmkwem n'isiokwu a kpọrọ "Lingzhi - Ịgwọ Ọrịa Dị iche iche na Otu Ụzọ".

Kemgbe 1980s, enweela akụkọ nyocha gbasara mmetụta mgbochi nke Lingzhi.Ọtụtụ n'ime ọmụmụ ihe ndị a na-eji ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ nje bu nje na vitro, na nyocha nke onye ọ bụla jikwa ụdị anụmanụ nke nje nje iji hụ mmetụta mgbochi nke Lingzhi.

Akụkọ kọlụm nke Prọfesọ Zhibin Lin bipụtara na mbipụta 46, 58, na 75 nke “GANODERMA”

Anti-hepatitis nje

Zhang Zheng et al.(1989) chọpụtara naGanoderma applanatum,Ganoderma atrumnaGanoderma capensenwere ike igbochi ịba ọcha n'anya B nje DNA polymerase (HBV-DNA polymerase), belata HBV-DNA replication na igbochi secretion nke ịba ọcha n'anya B elu antigen (HBsAg) site PLC/PRF/5 mkpụrụ ndụ (mmadụ imeju cancer mkpụrụ ndụ).

Ndị nchọpụta ahụ gara n'ihu na-ahụ n'ozuzu antiviral irè ọgwụ na ọbọgwụ ịba ọcha n'anya nlereanya.Nsonaazụ gosiri na onu ochichi nkeGanoderma applanatum(50 mg / kg) ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị maka 10 consecutive ụbọchị nwere ike ibelata mmetụta nke ọbọgwụ ịba ọcha n'anya B virus DNA polymerase (DDNAP) na ọbọgwụ ịba ọcha n'anya B nje DNA (DDNA) nke na-eto eto ọbọgwụ oria duck ịba ọcha n'anya nje virus (DHBV), nke. na-egosi naGanoderma applanatumnwere mmetụta inhibitory na DHBV n'ime ahụ [1].

Li YQ et al.(2006) kọrọ na ọrịa cancer imeju mmadụ HepG2 cell na-ebufe na HBV-DNA nwere ike igosipụta HBV antigen (HbsAg), HBV core antigen (HbcAg) na HBV nje protein protein, ma nwee ike ịmepụta mkpụrụ ndụ ịba ọcha n'anya B tozuru okè.Ganoderic acid ewepụtara na yaG. lucidumOmenala usoro onunu ogwu dabere (1-8 μg/mL) gbochiri okwu na mmepụta nke HBsAg (20%) na HBcAg (44%), na-atụ aro na ganoderic acid gbochiri mmegharị nke HBV na sel imeju [2].

Anti-influenza nje

Zhu Yutong (1998) chọpụtara na mgbochi ma ọ bụ intraperitoneal injection nkeG. ngwawepụ (decoction mmiri ma ọ bụ infusion oyi) nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego nlanarị na oge ndụ nke ụmụ oke nwere nje nje FM1 influenza, si otú ahụ nwee mmetụta nchebe ka mma [3].

Mothana RA et al.(2003) chọpụtara na ganodermadiol, lucidadiol na applanoxidic acid G ewepụtara ma mee ka ọ dị ọcha site na European G. pfeifferi gosipụtara ọrụ mgbochi megide nje influenza A na ụdị nje virus herpes simplex 1 (HSV-1).ED50 nke ganodermadiol iji chebe mkpụrụ ndụ MDCK (sel epithelioid sitere na akụrụ canine) megide nje nje influenza A bụ 0.22 mmol/L.ED50 (50% dị irè dose) nke na-echebe mkpụrụ ndụ Vero (Mkpụrụ ndụ anụ ọhịa nke Africa) megide ọrịa HSV-1 bụ 0.068 mmol/L.ED50 nke ganodermadiol na applanoxidic acid G megide nje nje influenza A bụ 0.22 mmol/L na 0.19 mmol/L, n'otu n'otu [4].

Mgbochi nje HIV

Kim et al.(1996) chọpụtara na akụkụ ahụ dị ala dị ala nkeG. lucidumMkpokọta mmiri na-amị mkpụrụ na akụkụ anọ na alkaline nke methanol wepụ nwere ike igbochi mgbasa nke nje immunodeficiency mmadụ (HIV) [5].

El-Mekkawy et al.(1998) kọrọ na triterpenoids dịpụrụ adịpụ na methanol wepụ nkeG. lucidumAhụ ndị na-amị mkpụrụ nwere mmetụta anti-HIV-1 cytopathic ma gosipụta ọrụ mgbochi na nje HIV ma ọ nweghị mmetụta mgbochi na ọrụ nke HIV-1 reverse transcriptase [6].

Min et al.(1998) chọpụtara na ganoderic acid B, lucidumol B, ganodermanondiol, ganodermanontriol na ganolucidic acid A nke ewepụtara na ya.G. lucidumspores nwere mmetụta mgbochi siri ike na ọrụ protease HIV-1 [7].

Sato N et al.(2009) chọpụtara na triterpenoids ọhụrụ nke ukwuu oxygenated lanostane-ụdị [ganodenic acid GS-2, 20-hydroxylucidenic acid N, 20 (21) -dehydrolucidenic acid N na ganederol F] dịpụrụ adịpụ site na mkpụrụ osisi.Ganoderma lucidumnwere mmetụta inhibitory na nje HIV-1 protease na etiti inhibitory itinye uche (IC50) dị ka 20-40 μm [8].

Yu Xiongtao et al.(2012) kọrọ naG. lucidumspore mmiri wepụ nwere mmetụta inhibitory na Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) nke na-emetụta mkpụrụ ndụ CEM × 174 nke cell T lymphocyte cell, na IC50 bụ 66.62 ± 20.21 mg / L.Isi ọrụ ya bụ igbochi SIV ka ọ ghara ịbanye na ịbanye na sel n'oge mmalite nke nje virus SIV, ọ pụkwara ibelata ọkwa ọkwa nke SIV capsid protein p27 [9].

Nje Virus Anti-Herpes

Eo SK (1999) kwadebere ihe abụọ na-agbaze mmiri (GLhw na GLlw) na mpụta methanol asatọ (GLMe-1-8) sitere na mkpụrụ osisi.G. lucidum.A tụlere ọrụ mgbochi nje ha site na nnwale mgbochi cytopathic (CPE) yana ule mbelata plaque.N'ime ha, GLhw, GLMe-1, GLMe-2, GLMe-4, na GLMe-7 na-egosi mmetụta mgbochi doro anya na nje virus herpes simplex ụdị 1 (HSV-1) na ụdị 2 (HSV-2), yana vesicular stomatitis. nje virus (VSV) Indiana na New Jersey.Na nyocha mbelata plaque, GLhw gbochiri nhazi plaque nke HSV-2 yana EC50 nke 590 na 580μg/mL na mkpụrụ ndụ Vero na HEp-2, yana indices selectivity (SI) bụ 13.32 na 16.26.GLMe-4 egosighi cytotoxicity ruo 1000 μg/ml, ebe o gosipụtara ọrụ mgbochi nwere ike na nje VSV New Jersey na SI nke karịa 5.43 [10].

OH KW et al.(2000) kewapụrụ protein acidic bound polysaccharide (APBP) site na carpophores nke Ganoderma lucidum.APBP gosipụtara ọrụ antiviral siri ike megide HSV-1 na HSV-2 na mkpụrụ ndụ Vero na EC50 nke 300 na 440μg/mL, n'otu n'otu.APBP enweghị cytotoxicity na mkpụrụ ndụ Vero na ntinye nke 1 x 10 (4) μg/ml.APBP nwere mmetụta inhibitory synergistic na HSV-1 na HSV-2 mgbe ejikọtara ya na ọgwụ mgbochi herpes Aciclovir, Ara-A ma ọ bụ interferonγ (IFN-γ) n'otu n'otu [11, 12].

Liu Jing et al.(2005) chọpụtara na GLP, polysaccharide dịpụrụ adịpụ naG. lucidummycelium, nwere ike igbochi nje nke mkpụrụ ndụ Vero site na HSV-1.GLP gbochiri ọrịa HSV-1 n'oge mmalite nke ọrịa ahụ mana enweghị ike igbochi njikọ nke nje na macromolecules biological [13].

Iwatsuki K et al.(2003) chọpụtara na ụdị triterpenoids dị iche iche ewepụtara na sachaaGanoderma lucidumnwere mmetụta mgbochi na ntinye nke nje Epstein-Barr n'oge antigen (EBV-EA) na sel Raji (sel lymphoma mmadụ) [14].

Zheng DS et al.(2017) chọpụtara na triterpenoids ise ewepụtara naG. lucidum,gụnyere ganoderic acid A, ganoderic acid B, na ganoderol B, ganodermanontriol na ganodermanondiol, na-ebelata ike nke nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) 5-8 F mkpụrụ ndụ na-emepụta na vitro, na-egosi mmetụta mgbochi dị ukwuu na ma EBV EA na CA activation na igbochi telomerase. ọrụ.Nsonaazụ ndị a nyere ihe akaebe maka itinye ihe ndị aG. lucidumtriterpenoids na ọgwụgwọ NPC [15].

Nje Virus Anti-Newcastle

Ọrịa Newcastle bụ ụdị nje influenza nke avian, nke nwere nnukwu ọrịa na-egbu egbu n'etiti nnụnụ.Shamaki BU et al.(2014) chọpụtara naGanoderma lucidumMwepụta nke methanol, n-butanol na ethyl acetate nwere ike igbochi ọrụ neuraminidase nke ọrịa Newcastle [16].

Anti-Dengue Nje Virus

Lim WZ et al.(2019) chọpụtara na mmiri na-amịpụta nkeG. lucidumn'ụdị antler ya gbochiri ọrụ protease DENV2 NS2B-NS3 na 84.6 ± 0.7%, dị elu karịa nke nkịtị.G. lucidum[17] .

Bharadwaj S et al.(2019) jiri usoro nyocha nke ọma yana ule in vitro iji buo amụma ikike nke triterpenoids na-arụ ọrụ site na.Ganoderma lucidumwee chọpụta na ganodermanontriol ewepụtara na yaGanoderma lucidumnwere ike igbochi nje dengue (DENV) NS2B -NS3 ọrụ protease [18].

Anti-Enterovirus

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) bụ isi ihe na-akpata ọrịa aka, ụkwụ na ọnụ, na-ebute nsogbu na-egbu egbu na akwara ozi na usoro na ụmụaka.Agbanyeghị, ugbu a enweghị ọgwụ mgbochi nje akwadoro ụlọ ọgwụ nwere ike iji gbochie yana gwọọ ọrịa nje a.

Zhang W et al.(2014) chọpụtara na ha abụọGanoderma lucidumtriterpenoids (GLTs), gụnyere Lanosta-7,9 (11), 24-trien-3-one, 15; 26-dihydroxy (GLTA) na Ganoderic acid Y (GLTB), na-egosipụta ihe mgbochi mgbochi EV71 na-enweghị cytotoxicity.

Nsonaazụ a tụrụ aro na GLTA na GLTB na-egbochi ọrịa EV71 site na imekọrịta ihe na nje virus iji gbochie mgbasa nke nje na sel.Na mgbakwunye, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti EV71 virion na ogige ndị ahụ bu amụma site na docking molecular kọmpụta, nke gosipụtara na GLTA na GLTB nwere ike jikọta protein capsid viral na akpa hydrophobic (F saịtị), yabụ nwere ike igbochi mkpuchi EV71.Ọzọkwa, ha gosipụtara na GLTA na GLTB na-egbochi ngbanwe nke nje RNA (vRNA) nke EV71 mmegharị site na igbochi EV71 uncoating [19].

Nchịkọta na mkparịta ụka
Nsonaazụ nyocha a dị n'elu na-egosi na Lingzhi, ọkachasị triterpenoids dị na ya, nwere mmetụta mgbochi na ụdị nje dị iche iche.Nyocha mbụ na-egosi na usoro ọrịa nje ya na-egbochi nje na-agụnye igbochi mgbasa ozi na ntinye nke nje n'ime sel, na-egbochi ịmalite nje virus n'oge antigen, na-egbochi ọrụ nke ụfọdụ enzymes chọrọ maka njikọ nje na sel, igbochi nje virus DNA ma ọ bụ RNA replication na-enweghị. cytotoxicity ma nwee mmetụta synergistic mgbe ejikọtara ya na ọgwụ mgbochi ama ama.Nsonaazụ ndị a na-enye ihe akaebe maka nyocha ọzọ gbasara mmetụta antiviral nke Lingzhi triterpenoids.

N'ịtụle uru ọgwụgwọ dị ugbu a nke Lingzhi na igbochi na ịgwọ ọrịa nje, anyị chọpụtara na Lingzhi nwere ike ịtụgharị akara akara nje ịba ọcha n'anya B (HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBc) na mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ ịba ọcha n'anya B. Ma ndị ọzọ karịa nke ahụ, na ọgwụgwọ Herpes zoster, condyloma acuminatum na AIDS yana ọgwụ mgbochi nje, anyị ahụbeghị ihe akaebe na Lingzhi nwere ike igbochi nje na ndị ọrịa ozugbo.Mmetụta ụlọ ọgwụ nke Lingzhi na ọrịa nje nwere ike bụrụ nke metụtara ya na mmetụta immunomodulatory ya, ihe mgbochi oxidant na mmetụta nhụcha nke radical na mmetụta nchebe ya na akụkụ ahụ ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ.(Daalụ Prọfesọ Baoxue Yang maka imezi akụkọ a.)

Ntụaka

1. Zhang Zheng, et al.Ọmụmụ ihe nnwale nke ụdị 20 nke fungi ndị China megide HBV.Journal of Beijing Medical University.1989, 21: 455-458.

2. Li YQ, et al.Ihe mgbochi ịba ọcha n'anya B nke ganoderic acid sitere naGanoderma lucidum.Biotechnol Lett, 2006, 28 (11): 837-841.

3. Zhu Yutong, et al.Protective mmetụta nke wepụ nkeGanoderma applanatum(pers) pat.na ụmụ oke na-ebute nje virus influenza FM1.Journal nke Mahadum Guangzhou nke Omenala Ọgwụ Chinese.1998, 15(3): 205-207.

4. Mothana RA, et al.Antiviral lanostanoid triterpenes sitere na eroGanoderma pfeifferi.Fitoterapia.2003, 74 (1-2): 177–180 .

5. Kim BK.Ọrụ Nje Virus na-egbochi mmadụ Immunodeficiency nkeGanoderma lucidum.1996 International Ganoderma Symposium, Special Lecture, Taipei.

6. El-Mekkawy S, et al.Ihe mgbochi HIV na mgbochi nje-protease sitere naGanoderma lucidum.Phytochemistry.1998, 49 (6): 1651-1657 .

7. Min BS, et al.Triterpenes sitere na spores nkeGanoderma lucidumna ọrụ mgbochi ha megide nje HIV-1 protease.Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo).1998, 46 (10): 1607-1612 .

8. Sato N, et al.Nje virus na-egbochi immunodeficiency mmadụ-1 ọrụ protease nke ụdị triterpenoids ọhụrụ lanostane sitere na.Ganoderma dị nro.Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo).2009, 57 (10): 1076-1080.

9. Yu Xiongtao, et al.Ọmụmụ na Mmetụta Mgbochi nkeGanoderma lucidumna Simian Imunodeficiency Nje Virus in vitro.Akwụkwọ akụkọ Chinese nke Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae.2012, 18 (13): 173-177.

10. Eo SK, et al.Antiviral eme nke mmiri dị iche iche na methanol soluble bekee dịpụrụ adịpụGanoderma lucidum.J Ethnopharmacol.1999, 68 (1-3): 129-136 .

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★ Prọfesọ Zhi-bin LIN dere ederede izizi nke akụkọ a n'asụsụ Chinese ma Alfred Liu sụgharịrị ya na Bekee.Ọ bụrụ na enwere nghọtahie n'etiti ntụgharị asụsụ (Bekee) na nke izizi (Chinese), Chinese izizi ga-emeri.

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