Ku ya 10 Mutarama 2017 / Kaminuza ya Tongji, Ishuri Rikuru rya Materia Medica, Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubushinwa, n'ibindi / Raporo y'akagari

Inyandiko / Wu Tingyao

“Wibagirwe uwo uriwe n'uwo ndiwe” birashobora kuvugwa ko ari ibimenyetso bisanzwe byindwara ya Alzheimer.Impamvu yo kwibagirwa, cyangwa kutabasha kwibuka ibyabaye vuba aha, nuko selile nervice zishinzwe imirimo yubwenge zipfa buhoro buhoro uko imyaka ishira, bigatuma abakuzeubwenge urwegokomeza kwangirika.

Mu guhangana n'iyi ndwara ya Alzheimer igenda yiyongera, abahanga barimo gukora cyane kugira ngo bige uburyo bushoboka bwo kuvura.Abantu bamwe bibanda kuri nyirabayazana utera urupfu rw'imitsi, bagerageza kugabanya umusaruro wa proteine ​​beta-amyloide;abandi biyemeje guteza imbere ingirabuzimafatizo nshya, bizeye kuzuzuza icyuho cy’imyanya myakura y’imyakura, bikaba bishoboka ko ari igitekerezo cyo “kugikora niba kibuze.”

Mu bwonko bw’inyamabere zikuze, mu byukuri hari ahantu habiri hakomeza kubyara ingirabuzimafatizo nshya, kamwe muri kari muri girus ya hippocampal.Utugingo ngengabuzima twinshi twitwa "selile progenitor selile".Ingirabuzimafatizo nshya zavutse muri zo zizongerwaho umwimerere wa neural circuits kugirango zifashe kwiga ubumenyi bushya no gukora ibintu bishya twibuka.

Ariko, birashobora kugaragara mubantu cyangwa imbeba ko indwara ya Alzheimer ishobora guhungabanya ikwirakwizwa ryingirabuzimafatizo.Muri iki gihe, ibimenyetso byinshi kandi byinshi byerekana ko guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa ry'uturemangingo twa neurs precursor bishobora kugabanya kwangirika kw'ubwenge guterwa n'indwara ya Alzheimer kandi bishobora kuba ingamba zishoboka zo kuvura indwara ya Alzheimer.

Muri Mutarama 2017, ubushakashatsi bwatangajwe hamwe muri “Stem Cell Reports” bwakozwe na kaminuza ya Tongji, Ikigo cya Shanghai Institute of Biologiya Science, Ishuri Rikuru ry'Ubushinwa, n'ibindi, byagaragaje ko polysaccharide cyangwa ibikomoka ku mazi biva muriGanoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom, Lingzhi) irashobora kugabanya ubumuga bwo kutamenya buterwa n'indwara ya Alzheimer, kugabanya ubwonko bwa amyloide-β (Aβ) mu bwonko, kandi bigateza imbere kuvugurura ingirabuzimafatizo za preursor muri girus ya hippocampal.Uburyo bwa nyuma bwibikorwa bushobora kuba bufitanye isano no gukora reseptor yitwa FGFR1 kuri selile prursor selile kubera amabwiriza yaGanoderma lucidum.

Imbeba za Alzheimer ziryaGanoderma lucidumgira kwibuka neza.

Ubushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa muri ubu bushakashatsi bwakoresheje imbeba ya APP / PS1 y’amezi 5 kugeza kuri 6 - ni ukuvuga gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo guhererekanya gene mu kwimura ingirabuzimafatizo ya muntu APP na PS1 (zishobora gutera indwara ya Alzheimer hakiri kare). imbeba zavutse vuba kugirango zigaragaze neza gen.Ibi bizatuma ubwonko bwimbeba butangira kubyara amyloide-β (Aβ) kuva akiri muto (nyuma y'amezi 2 y'amavuko), kandi nibakura kugeza kumezi 5-6 y'amavuko, bazagenda buhoro buhoro bagorana muburyo bwo kumenya no kwibuka. .

Mu yandi magambo, imbeba zikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi zari zifite ibimenyetso byambere byindwara ya Alzheimer.Abashakashatsi bagaburiye imbeba za Alzheimer hamwe na GLP (polysaccharide yera itandukanijwe naGanoderma lucidumifu ya spore ifite uburemere bwa 15 kD) kumunsi wa 30 mg / kg (ni ukuvuga mg 30 kuri kilo yuburemere bwumubiri kumunsi) muminsi 90 ikurikiranye.

Hanyuma, abashakashatsi bamara indi minsi 12 bapima ubushobozi bwimikorere yimbeba mumazi ya Morris maze (MWM) babagereranya nizo mbeba nindwara ya Alzheimer itigeze ivurwa nubuvuzi busanzwe.

Imbeba zifite kwanga amazi.Iyo bashyizwe mumazi, bazagerageza kubona ahantu humye ho kuruhukira."Morris Water Maze Test" ikoresha imiterere yabyo kugirango ishyireho ikiruhuko cyo kuruhukira ahantu hateganijwe muri pisine nini.Kubera ko urubuga rwihishe munsi y’amazi, imbeba zigomba kuzibona gusa mukwiga no kwibuka.Kubera iyo mpamvu, abashakashatsi bashoboraga kumenya niba imbeba zigenda zijimye cyangwa zifite ubwenge mugihe imbeba zabonye urubuga, intera barogeye n'inzira banyuzemo.

Byagaragaye ko nta tandukaniro rigaragara ryihuta ryo koga ryimbeba muri buri tsinda.Ariko ugereranije nimbeba zisanzwe, imbeba za Alzheimer zitigeze zivurwa zagombaga kumara umwanya munini no koga intera ndende kugirango zibone urubuga munzira idahwitse nkaho ari amahirwe, byerekana ko kwibuka kwabo kwari kwangiritse cyane.

Ibinyuranye, imbeba za Alzheimer zagaburiweReishi mushroompolysaccharide cyangwaGanoderma lucidumAmazi yavomye yasanze urubuga rwihuse, kandi mbere yo kubona urubuga, bazerera cyane mukarere (quadrant) aho urubuga ruherereye, nkaho bari bazi hafi yikibanza, byerekana ko ibyangiritse mubwonko bwabo bidakabije.【Ishusho 1, Igishusho 2】

Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi banabonye mu bundi bushakashatsi bwerekana ko ku isazi zimbuto zitanga amiloide-β (Aβ) nyinshi mu bwonko bwabo (binyuze mu buryo bwo kohereza gene kugira ngo hashyizweho icyitegererezo cy’ubushakashatsi),Ganoderma lucidumibivamo amazi ntibishobora gusa kumenyekanisha ahantu hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwibuka bwibisazi byimbuto ahubwo binongerera igihe cyisazi zimbuto.

Abashakashatsi bakoreshejeGanoderma lucidumamazi (300mg / kg kumunsi) mubushakashatsi bwinyamanswa twavuze haruguru ugasanga bushobora no kugabanya ubumuga bwubwenge bwahantu buterwa nindwara ya Alzheimer nkuko byavuzwe haruguruGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharide (GLP).

Koresha "Morris Water Maze Test" kugirango usuzume ubushobozi bwibuke bwimbeba

[Ishusho 1] Inzira yo koga yimbeba muri buri tsinda.Ubururu ni pisine, cyera nikibanza cya platifomu, naho umutuku ninzira yo koga.

[Isanamu 2] Impuzandengo isabwa kuri buri tsinda ryimbeba kugirango ibone ikiruhuko cyo kuruhuka kumunsi wa 7 wamazi ya Morris maze

(Inkomoko / Raporo y'utugari. 2017 Mutarama 10; 8 (1): 84-94.)

Lingzhiiteza imbere ikwirakwizwa rya selile neurs precursor selile muri hippocampal girus.

Nyuma yikizamini cyamazi yiminsi 12, abashakashatsi basesenguye ubwonko bwimbeba basanga ibyoGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharide naGanoderma lucidumAmazi avamo byombi atuma habaho kuvugurura ingirabuzimafatizo muri girus ya hippocampal no kugabanya amyloide-β.

Byemejwe kandi ko ingirabuzimafatizo nshya yavutse muri hippocampus girus ari selile prursor selile.KandiGanoderma lucidumni ingirakamaro ku mbeba zindwara ya Alzheimer.Kugaburira imbeba zisanzwe zikuze hamweGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharide (GLP) ku gipimo cya buri munsi cya 30 mg / kg mu minsi 14 irashobora kandi guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa ry'uturemangingo twa neurs precursor muri girus ya hippocampal.

Mu bushakashatsi bwa vitro bwemeje kandi ko kuri selile prursor selile zitandukanijwe na hippocampal girus yimbeba zisanzwe zikuze cyangwa imbeba za Alzheimer cyangwa selile neurs precursor zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo z'umuntu,Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharide irashobora guteza imbere neza utugingo ngengabuzima twiyongera, kandi ingirabuzimafatizo nshya zagumanye imiterere yumwimerere ya selile preursor selile, ni ukuvuga ko zishobora gukwirakwiza no kwiyubaka.

Ubundi isesengura ryerekanye koGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharide (GLP) irashobora guteza imbere neurogenezi ahanini kubera ko ishobora gushimangira reseptor yitwa "FGFR1 ″ (ntabwo ari reseptor ya EGFR) kuri selile prursor selile, bigatuma ishobora kwanduzwa cyane no gukurura" imikurire yimitsi ya bFGF ", yohereza amakuru menshi y" selile gukwirakwizwa ”kuri selile prursor selile, hanyuma havuka izindi selile nshya.

Kubera ko ingirabuzimafatizo nshya zavutse zishobora kurushaho kwinjiza imiyoboro ihari kugira ngo ikore nyuma yo kwimukira mu bwonko ikeneye, ibi bigomba kugabanya ubumuga butandukanye bwo mu bwenge buterwa n'urupfu rw'uturemangingo tw’indwara ya Alzheimer.

Uruhare rwibice byinshi byaGanoderma lucidumbidindiza umuvuduko wo kwibagirwa.

Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byavuzwe haruguru reka turebe ingaruka zo gukingira zaGanoderma lucidumku ngirabuzimafatizo.Usibye kurwanya anti-inflammatory, anti-oxyde, anti-apoptotique, anti-β-amyloide hamwe nizindi ngaruka zizwi kera,Ganodermalucidumirashobora kandi guteza imbere neurogenezi.Ku mbeba za Alzheimer zifite inenge zimwe kandi zifite ibimenyetso bimwe, niyo mpamvu ubukana bwikimenyetso cyindwara butandukanye cyane nabaryaGanoderma lucidumn'abataryaGanoderma lucidum.

Ganoderma lucidumirashobora kutagarura rwose imikorere yibikorwa kubarwayi ba Alzheimer, ariko uburyo bwayo butandukanye bwibikorwa birashobora kugabanya umuvuduko windwara ya Alzheimer.Igihe cyose umurwayi yibutse we n'abandi ubuzima bwe bwose, indwara ya Alzheimer ntishobora kuba mbi cyane.

[Inkomoko] Huang S, n'abandi.Polysaccharide iva muri Ganoderma lucidum Itezimbere Imikorere Yubwenge no Gukwirakwiza Neural Progenitor Gukwirakwiza Imbeba Model yindwara ya Alzheimer.Raporo y'akagari.2017 Mutarama 10; 8 (1): 84-94.doi: 10.1016 / j.stemcr.2016.12.007.

IHEREZO

Ibyerekeye umwanditsi / Madamu Wu Tingyao

Wu Tingyao yagiye atanga amakuru ku makuru ya Ganoderma kuva mu 1999. Ni umwanditsi waGukiza hamwe na Ganoderma(byasohotse mu gitabo cy’ubuvuzi cy’abaturage muri Mata 2017).

★ Iyi ngingo yasohowe uruhushya rwihariye rwumwanditsi.Works Ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru ntibishobora gusubirwamo, gucibwa cyangwa gukoreshwa mubundi buryo utabiherewe uburenganzira n'umwanditsi.★ Kurenga ku magambo yavuzwe haruguru, umwanditsi azakurikirana inshingano zemewe n'amategeko.Text Umwandiko wumwimerere wiyi ngingo wanditswe mu gishinwa na Wu Tingyao uhindurwa mu cyongereza na Alfred Liu.Niba hari itandukaniro riri hagati yubuhinduzi (icyongereza) numwimerere (igishinwa), igishinwa cyumwimerere kizatsinda.Niba abasomyi bafite ikibazo, nyamuneka hamagara umwanditsi wambere, Madamu Wu Tingyao.