January 10, 2017 / Tongji University, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc. / Stem Cell Reports

Mawu/Wu Tingyao

“Iwalani kuti ndinu ndani komanso kuti ine ndine ndani” tinganene kuti ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matenda a Alzheimer's.Chifukwa choyiwala, kapena kulephera kukumbukira zomwe zachitika posachedwa, ndikuti maselo amitsempha omwe amayang'anira ntchito zachidziwitso amafa pang'onopang'ono zaka zikupita, zomwe zimapangitsawanzeru mlingokupitiriza kunyonyotsoka.

Poyang'anizana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's omwe akuchulukirachulukira, asayansi akugwira ntchito molimbika kuti aphunzire chithandizo chomwe chingatheke.Anthu ena amaganizira za wolakwa amene amachititsa imfa ya mitsempha ya mitsempha, kuyesera kuchepetsa kupanga mapuloteni a beta-amyloid;ena ali odzipereka kulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo a minyewa, kuyembekezera kubwezeretsa mpata wa kuwonongeka kwa minyewa ya minyewa, yomwe mwina ili lingaliro la "kupanga ngati isowa."

Mu ubongo wokhwima wa mammalian, palidi madera awiri omwe akupitiriza kupanga maselo atsopano a mitsempha, omwe ali mu hippocampal gyrus.Maselo a minyewa omwe amadzichulukitsa okha amatchedwa "neural progenitor cell".Maselo omwe angobadwa kumene kuchokera kwa iwo adzawonjezedwa kumayendedwe oyambira a neural kuti athandizire kuphunzira maluso atsopano ndikupanga zokumbukira zatsopano.

Komabe, zitha kuwonedwa mwa anthu kapena mbewa kuti matenda a Alzheimer amatha kusokoneza kuchuluka kwa ma cell a neural precursor.Masiku ano, umboni wochulukirachulukira ukuwonetsa kuti kulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa ma cell a neural precursor kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's ndipo kungakhale njira yotheka kuchiza matenda a Alzheimer's.

Mu Januwale 2017, kafukufuku yemwe adasindikizidwa mu "Stem Cell Reports" ndi yunivesite ya Tongji, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ndi zina zotero, adatsimikizira kuti ma polysaccharides kapena madzi amadzimadzi kuchokera.Ganoderma lucidum (Bowa wa Reishi, Lingzhi) amatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso chifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's, kuchepetsa kuyika kwa amyloid-β (Aβ) mu ubongo, ndikulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo a neural precursor mu gyrus ya hippocampal.Njira yomalizirayi ingakhale yokhudzana ndi kuyambitsa kwa cholandilira chotchedwa FGFR1 pa maselo a neural precursor chifukwa cha kayendetsedwe kake.Ganoderma lucidum.

mbewa za Alzheimer zomwe zimadyaGanoderma lucidumkukumbukira bwino.

Kuyesera kwa nyama mu phunziroli kunagwiritsa ntchito mbewa za 5 kwa miyezi 6 APP/PS1 transgenic-ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosinthira jini kusamutsa ma gene amunthu APP ndi PS1 (omwe angayambitse matenda a Alzheimer's) mbewa zomwe zangobadwa kumene kuti ziziwonetsa bwino ma jini.Izi zipangitsa kuti ubongo wa mbewa uyambe kupanga amyloid-β (Aβ) kuyambira ali aang'ono (pambuyo pa miyezi 2), ndipo akakula mpaka miyezi 5-6, amayamba kukhala ndi vuto la kuzindikira malo ndi kukumbukira. .

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mbewa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera zinali kale ndi zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda a Alzheimer's.Ofufuzawo adadyetsa mbewa za Alzheimer's ndi GLP (pure polysaccharides olekanitsidwa ndiGanoderma lucidumspore ufa wokhala ndi molekyulu yolemera 15 kD) pa mlingo watsiku ndi tsiku wa 30 mg/kg (ndiko kuti, 30 mg pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi patsiku) kwa masiku 90 otsatizana.

Kenako, ofufuzawo adakhala masiku ena a 12 akuyesa luso lachidziwitso la mbewa mumsewu wamadzi wa Morris (MWM) ndikuyerekeza ndi mbewa za matenda a Alzheimer's omwe sanalandire chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala komanso ndi mbewa zabwinobwino.

Mbewa zimadana ndi madzi mwachilengedwe.Akaikidwa m’madzi, amayesa kupeza malo ouma kuti apumule."Mayeso a Morris Water Maze" amagwiritsa ntchito chikhalidwe chawo kuti akhazikitse malo opumira pamalo okhazikika padziwe lalikulu lozungulira.Popeza kuti nsanjayo imabisika pansi pa madzi, mbewa zimafunikira kuzipeza pophunzira ndi kukumbukira.Chotsatira chake, ochita kafukufukuwo amatha kuweruza ngati mbewazo zikuyamba kukhala dumber kapena nzeru panthawi yomwe mbewa zinapeza nsanja, mtunda umene anasambira komanso njira yomwe adadutsa.

Zinapezeka kuti panalibe kusiyana kwakukulu mu liwiro losambira la mbewa pagulu lililonse.Koma poyerekeza ndi mbewa zabwinobwino, mbewa za Alzheimer's zomwe sizinalandire chithandizo chilichonse zimayenera kuthera nthawi yochulukirapo ndikusambira mtunda wautali kuti zipeze nsanja panjira yosokonekera ngati kuti zili ndi mwayi, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti kukumbukira kwawo kwa malo kudasokonekera kwambiri.

Mosiyana, mbewa za Alzheimer zimadyetsedwa ndiReishi bowapolysaccharides kapenaGanoderma lucidummadzi chotsitsa anapeza nsanja mofulumira, ndipo asanapeze nsanja, iwo makamaka ankangoyendayenda m'dera (quadrant) kumene nsanja inali, ngati ankadziwa pafupifupi malo nsanja, kusonyeza kuti kuwonongeka kwa ubongo wawo ndi zochepa kwambiri.【Chithunzi 1, Chithunzi 2】

Kuonjezera apo, ofufuzawo adawonanso kuyesera kwina kuti kwa ntchentche za zipatso zomwe zimapanga kuchuluka kwa amyloid-β (Aβ) mu ubongo wawo (komanso kudzera mu njira zotumizira majini kuti akhazikitse zitsanzo zoyesera),Ganoderma lucidummadzi Tingafinye sangakhoze kusintha kuzindikira malo ndi kukumbukira luso ntchentche zipatso komanso kuwonjezera moyo wa ntchentche zipatso.

Ofufuzawo anagwiritsanso ntchitoGanoderma lucidummadzi (300mg/kg patsiku) muzoyeserera zanyama zomwe tatchulazi ndipo zidapezanso kuti zimathanso kuchepetsa vuto la kuzindikira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's monga tatchulawa.Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides (GLP).

Gwiritsani ntchito "Morris Water Maze Test" kuti muwunikire luso la kukumbukira kwa mbewa

[Chithunzi patsamba 1] Njira zosambira za mbewa pagulu lililonse.Bluu ndilo dziwe, loyera ndilo malo a nsanja, ndipo chofiira ndi njira yosambira.

[Chithunzi 2] Nthawi yapakati yofunikira kuti gulu lililonse la mbewa lipeze malo opumira pa tsiku la 7 la mayeso a maze a Morris.

(Source/Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Jan 10;8(1):84-94.)

Lingzhiamalimbikitsa kuchulukana kwa ma cell a neural precursor mu hippocampal gyrus.

Pambuyo pa mayeso a masiku 12 a madzi, ofufuzawo adasanthula ubongo wa mbewa ndipo adapeza kutiGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ndiGanoderma lucidumzowonjezera zamadzi zonse zimalimbikitsa kusinthika kwa maselo a mitsempha mu hippocampal gyrus ndikuchepetsa kuyika kwa amyloid-β.

Zinatsimikiziridwanso kuti ma cell a mitsempha omwe angobadwa kumene mu hippocampus gyrus amakhala makamaka ma neural precursor cell.NdipoGanoderma lucidumndi othandiza pa matenda a Alzheimer's mbewa.Kudyetsa yachibadwa achinyamata akuluakulu mbewa ndiGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides (GLP) pa mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa 30 mg/kg kwa masiku 14 amathanso kulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa ma cell a neural precursor mu gyrus ya hippocampal.

Kuyesa kwa in vitro kwatsimikiziranso kuti kwa ma cell a neural precursor otalikirana ndi hippocampal gyrus a mbewa zachikulire wamba kapena mbewa za Alzheimer's kapena ma cell a neural precursor opangidwa kuchokera ku maselo amtundu wamunthu,Ganoderma lucidumma polysaccharides amatha kulimbikitsa bwino maselo am'mbuyowa kuti achuluke, ndipo maselo omwe angopangidwa kumene amakhalabe ndi mawonekedwe oyambira a neural precursor cell, ndiko kuti, amatha kuchulukitsa komanso kudzikonzanso.

Kusanthula kwina kunasonyeza zimenezoGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides (GLP) amatha kulimbikitsa neurogenesis makamaka chifukwa amatha kulimbikitsa cholandilira chotchedwa "FGFR1" (osati EGFR receptor) pama cell a neural precursor cell, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kukondoweza kwa "nerve growth factor bFGF", yomwe imatumiza zambiri za "cell". kuchulukana” kumaselo a neural precursor cell, ndiyeno maselo ena aminyewa ambiri amabadwa.

Popeza ma cell a minyewa omwe angobadwa kumene amatha kujowina ma neural circuits omwe alipo kuti agwire ntchito atasamukira kudera laubongo lomwe limafunikira, izi ziyenera kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kufa kwa minyewa mu matenda a Alzheimer's.

Udindo wamitundumitundu waGanoderma lucidumkumachepetsa liwiro la kuyiwala.

Zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe zili pamwambazi zikutilola kuwona zotsatira zotetezaGanoderma lucidumpa mitsempha ya mitsempha.Kuphatikiza pa anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-β-amyloid deposition ndi zotsatira zina zomwe zimadziwika kale,GanodermalucidumKomanso akhoza kulimbikitsa neurogenesis.Kwa mbewa za Alzheimer's zomwe zili ndi vuto lofanana la majini ndipo zili ndi zizindikiro zomwezo, ndichifukwa chake kuopsa kwa chizindikiro cha matendawa kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndi omwe amadya.Ganoderma lucidumndi amene sadyaGanoderma lucidum.

Ganoderma lucidummwina sangathe kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kukumbukira ntchito odwala Alzheimer, koma njira zake zosiyanasiyana zochita akhoza kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa matenda a Alzheimer.Malinga ngati wodwala adzikumbukira yekha ndi ena kwa moyo wake wonse, matenda a Alzheimer sangakhale oopsa kwambiri.

[Chitsime] Huang S, et al.Polysaccharides kuchokera ku Ganoderma lucidum Kulimbikitsa Ntchito Yachidziwitso ndi Neural Progenitor Proliferation mu Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.Malipoti a Stem Cell.2017 Jan 10; 8 (1): 84-94.doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.12.007.

TSIRIZA

Za wolemba/ Mayi Wu Tingyao

Wu Tingyao wakhala akufotokoza zambiri za Ganoderma kuyambira 1999. Iye ndi mlembi wa bukuli.Kuchiza ndi Ganoderma(lofalitsidwa mu The People's Medical Publishing House mu April 2017).

★ Nkhaniyi yasindikizidwa pansi pa chilolezo cha wolemba.★ Ntchito zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingathe kupangidwanso, kuchotsedwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ina popanda chilolezo cha wolemba.★ Pakuphwanya mawu omwe ali pamwambawa, wolemba adzatsata maudindo oyenera azamalamulo.★ Zolemba zoyambirira za nkhaniyi zidalembedwa m'Chitchaina ndi Wu Tingyao ndikumasulira m'Chingerezi ndi Alfred Liu.Ngati pali kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa kumasulira (Chingerezi) ndi choyambirira (Chitchaina), Chitchaina choyambirira chidzapambana.Ngati owerenga ali ndi mafunso, lemberani wolemba woyamba, Mayi Wu Tingyao.