Ianuali 10, 2017 /Ke Kulanui ʻo Tongji, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc. / Stem Cell Reports

Text/Wu Tingyao

"Poina ʻo wai ʻoe a ʻo wai wau" hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ia ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi Alzheimer.ʻO ke kumu o ka poina ʻana a i ʻole ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanaʻo i nā hanana i hala iho nei, ʻo ia ka make ʻana o nā pūnaʻi aʻalolo e mālama ana i nā hana cognitive i ka hala ʻana o nā makahiki.noonoo paehoʻomau i ka degenerate.

Ke alo nei i kēia maʻi maʻi Alzheimer e ulu nui nei, ke hana ikaika nei nā ʻepekema e aʻo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono.Ke nānā aku nei kekahi poʻe i ka mea hoʻopiʻi e make ai ke aʻalolo, e hoʻāʻo ana e hōʻemi i ka hana ʻana o ka protein beta-amyloid;ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ke kūpaʻa nei i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hana hou ʻana o ke aʻalolo, me ka manaʻo e hoʻopau i ka hakahaka o ka pōʻino o ke aʻalolo, ʻo ia paha ka manaʻo o ka "hana ʻana inā nalowale."

I loko o ka lolo mammalian oʻo, aia ʻelua mau wahi e hoʻomau i ka hana ʻana i nā pūnana aʻalolo hou, ʻo kekahi o ia i loko o ka hippocampal gyrus.Ua kapa ʻia kēia mau pūnana aʻalolo hoʻonui ponoʻī he "neural progenitor cells".E hoʻohui ʻia nā cell i hānau hou ʻia mai lākou i nā neural circuits e kōkua i ke aʻo ʻana i nā mākau hou a hana i nā hoʻomanaʻo hou.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o ke kanaka a i ʻole ka ʻiole hiki i ka maʻi Alzheimer ke hoʻopau i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā pūnaewele neural precursor.I kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hōʻike e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā neural precursor cell hiki ke hōʻemi i ka deterioration cognitive i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi Alzheimer a hiki ke lilo i hoʻolālā kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi o Alzheimer.

I Ianuali 2017, kahi noiʻi i paʻi pū ʻia ma "Stem Cell Reports" e Tongji University, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc.ʻO Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom, Lingzhi) hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka naʻau impairment i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi o Alzheimer, e hoʻemi i ka waiho ʻana o ka amyloid-β (Aβ) i loko o ka lolo, a hoʻoikaika i ka hana hou ʻana o nā neural precursor cell i ka hippocampal gyrus.ʻO ka hana hope loa e pili ana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o kahi mea loaʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo FGFR1 ma nā neural precursor cell ma muli o ka hoʻoponopono ʻanaʻO Ganoderma lucidum.

ʻAi nā ʻiole a AlzheimerʻO Ganoderma lucidume hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi.

Ua hoʻohana nā hoʻokolohua holoholona i kēia noiʻi ʻana i nā ʻiole transgenic APP/PS1 he 5 a 6 mau mahina-ʻo ia hoʻi, ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana hoʻololi gene e hoʻololi i nā genes kanaka mutant APP a me PS1 (hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi o Alzheimer i hoʻomaka mua ʻia) i loko. nā ʻiole hānau hou no ka hōʻike pono ʻana i nā genes.ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻomaka ai ka lolo o ka ʻiole e hana i ka amyloid-β (Aβ) mai ka wā ʻōpio (ma hope o 2 mahina o ka makahiki), a i ka wā e ulu ai lākou a hiki i 5-6 mau mahina, e ulu mālie lākou i ka ʻike ākea a me ka hoʻomanaʻo. .

I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ua loaʻa i nā ʻiole i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻokolohua nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi o Alzheimer.Ua hānai nā mea noiʻi i nā ʻiole Alzheimer me GLP (polysaccharides maʻemaʻe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia maiʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO ka pauka spore me ka paona molekala o 15 kD) i kēlā me kēia lā he 30 mg/kg (ʻo ia hoʻi, 30 mg no kilokani o ke kaumaha o ke kino i kēlā me kēia lā) no 90 mau lā.

A laila, ua hoʻohana ka poʻe noiʻi i nā lā he 12 hou e hoʻāʻo ai i ka hiki ke noʻonoʻo o nā ʻiole i loko o ka Morris water maze (MWM) a hoʻohālikelike iā lākou me nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Alzheimer i loaʻa ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻiole maʻamau.

Loaʻa i nā ʻiole ka ʻae maoli i ka wai.Ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka wai, e hoʻāʻo lākou e ʻimi i kahi maloʻo e hoʻomaha ai.Ke hoʻohana nei ka "Morris Water Maze Test" i ko lākou ʻano e hoʻonohonoho i kahi kahua hoʻomaha ma kahi paʻa i loko o kahi wai pōʻai nui.Ma muli o ka hūnā ʻia ʻana o ka paepae ma lalo o ka wai, pono e loaʻa i nā ʻiole ma ke aʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomanaʻo.ʻO ka hopena, hiki i ka poʻe noiʻi ke noʻonoʻo i ka hele ʻana o nā ʻiole i ka pupule a i ʻole ke akamai i ka manawa i ʻike ai nā ʻiole i ke kahua, ka mamao a lākou i ʻau ai a me ke ala a lākou i hele ai.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa nui o ka wikiwiki ʻauʻau o nā ʻiole i kēlā me kēia hui.Akā i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻiole maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻiole o Alzheimer i loaʻa ʻole ka lapaʻau ʻana, pono e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa a ʻauʻau i kahi lōʻihi aku e ʻimi ai i ka paepae ma ke ala ʻino me he mea lā i ka laki, e hōʻike ana ua pilikia nui ko lākou hoʻomanaʻo spatial.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, hānai ʻia nā ʻiole a AlzheimerʻO Reishi mushroompolysaccharides a i ʻoleʻO Ganoderma lucidumwai extract loaa ka anuu wikiwiki, a ma mua o ka loaʻa 'ana i ka anuu, ua auwana nui lakou ma ka wahi (quadrant) kahi o ka anuu, me he mea la ua ike lakou i ka wahi kokoke o ka anuu, e hoike ana i ka poino i ko lakou lolo, ua emi koʻikoʻi.【Kiʻi 1, Kiʻi 2】

Eia hou, ua nānā nā mea noiʻi ma kekahi hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe no nā lele hua e hoʻopuka i ka nui o ka amyloid-β (Aβ) i loko o ko lākou lolo (ma o nā ʻano hoʻololi gene e hoʻokumu i nā ʻano hoʻokolohua),ʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻAʻole hiki i ka wai wai ke hoʻomaikaʻi wale i ka ʻike spatial a me ka hiki ke hoʻomanaʻo i nā nalo hua akā e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o nā nalo hua.

Ua hoʻohana pū nā mea noiʻiʻO Ganoderma lucidumwai wai (300mg/kg i kēlā lā i kēia lā) i nā hoʻokolohua holoholona i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna a ʻike ʻia hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka cognitive spatial i hana ʻia e ka maʻi o Alzheimer e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.ʻO Ganoderma lucidumnā polysaccharides (GLP).

E hoʻohana i ka "Morris Water Maze Test" no ka loiloi ʻana i ka hiki ke hoʻomanaʻo spatial o nā ʻiole

[Figure 1] Nā ala ʻauʻau o nā ʻiole i kēlā me kēia hui.ʻO ka uliuli ka loko, ʻo ke keʻokeʻo ke kūlana paepae, a ʻo ka ʻulaʻula ke ala ʻauʻau.

[Kiʻi 2] ʻO ka manawa maʻamau i koi ʻia no kēlā me kēia hui o nā ʻiole e ʻimi i kahi kahua hoʻomaha ma ka lā 7 o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai maze Morris.

(Source/Stem Cell Reports. 2017 Jan 10;8(1):84-94.)

Lingzhihoʻolalelale i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā neural precursor cell i ka hippocampal gyrus.

Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka wai maze he 12 mau lā, ua ʻimi nā mea noiʻi i ka lolo o nā ʻiole a ʻike ʻia kēlāʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides a meʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO nā ʻāpana wai e hoʻoikaika i ka hana hou ʻana o nā pūnaewele nerve i ka hippocampal gyrus a hoʻemi i ka waiho ʻana o ka amyloid-β.

Ua hōʻoia hou ʻia ʻo nā pūnana aʻalolo i hānau hou ʻia i loko o ka hippocampus gyrus he mau neural precursor cell.AʻO Ganoderma lucidumHe kūpono ia no nā ʻiole maʻi Alzheimer.Ka hānai ʻana i nā ʻiole ʻōpio makua maʻamau meʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO nā polysaccharides (GLP) i kēlā me kēia lā he 30 mg / kg no 14 mau lā hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā neural precursor cell i ka hippocampal gyrus.

Ua hōʻoia pū ʻia nā hoʻokolohua in vitro no nā neural precursor cell i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka hippocampal gyrus o nā ʻiole makua maʻamau a i ʻole nā ​​ʻiole o Alzheimer a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele neural precursor i loaʻa mai nā pūnaewele kumu kanaka,ʻO Ganoderma lucidumHiki i nā polysaccharides ke hoʻoikaika maikaʻi i kēia mau cell precursor e hoʻomāhuahua, a ʻo nā mea hou i hana ʻia e mālama i nā hiʻohiʻona mua o nā neural precursor cell, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā lākou ke hana i ka proliferation a me ka hana hou ʻana.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kēlā ʻano loiloi houʻO Ganoderma lucidumHiki i nā polysaccharides (GLP) ke hoʻoikaika i ka neurogenesis no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoikaika i kahi mea loaʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo "FGFR1" (ʻaʻole EGFR receptor) ma nā neural precursor cell, e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka "nerve growth factor bFGF", nāna e hoʻouna i ka ʻike hou aku o ka "cell. proliferation” i nā neural precursor cell, a laila hānau hou aʻe nā pūnana aʻalolo hou.

No ka mea hiki i nā pūnaʻi nerve hānau hou ke hui pū me nā neural circuits e hana ai ma hope o ko lākou neʻe ʻana i ka ʻāpana lolo e pono ai, pono ia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke ʻano o nā hemahema o ka naʻau ma muli o ka make ʻana o nā cell nerve i ka maʻi o Alzheimer.

ʻO ke kuleana lehulehu oʻO Ganoderma lucidumhoʻolohi i ka poina.

ʻO nā hopena noiʻi ma luna e ʻike mākou i ka hopena pale oʻO Ganoderma lucidumma luna o nā pūnana aʻalolo.Ma kahi o kona anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-β-amyloid deposition a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia i ka wā ma mua,Ganodermalucidumhiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka neurogenesis.No nā ʻiole o Alzheimer i loaʻa nā maʻi like ʻole a aia i nā hōʻailona like, ʻo ia ke kumu i ʻokoʻa loa ai ka paʻakikī o ka hōʻailona maʻi ma waena o ka poʻe e ʻai.ʻO Ganoderma luciduma me ka poe ai oleʻO Ganoderma lucidum.

ʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi hou i ka hana hoʻomanaʻo i nā maʻi o Alzheimer, akā hiki i kāna mau ʻano hana like ʻole ke hoʻolohi i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka maʻi o Alzheimer.I ka wā e hoʻomanaʻo ai ka mea maʻi iā ia iho a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke koena o kona ola, ʻaʻole weliweli loa ka maʻi o Alzheimer.

[Puna] Huang S, et al.ʻO nā Polysaccharides mai Ganoderma lucidum e hoʻoikaika i ka hana noʻonoʻo a me ka neural progenitor proliferation ma ke ʻano ʻiole o ka maʻi o Alzheimer.Nā Hōʻike Pūnaewele.2017 Jan 10;8(1):84-94.doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.12.007.

HOPE

No ka mea kākau/ Ms. Wu Tingyao

Ua hōʻike ʻo Wu Tingyao i ka ʻike Ganoderma lima mua mai 1999. ʻO ia ka mea kākau oHoola me Ganoderma(i paʻi ʻia ma The People's Medical Publishing House ma ʻApelila 2017).

★ Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma lalo o ka mana kūʻokoʻa o ka mea kākau.★ ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻi hou ʻia nā hana i luna, ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia e ka mea kākau.★ No ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ma luna, e ʻimi ka mea kākau i nā kuleana pili kānāwai.★ Ua kākau ʻia ka kikokikona kumu o kēia ʻatikala ma ka ʻōlelo Pākē e Wu Tingyao a unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania e Alfred Liu.Inā loaʻa kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka unuhi (English) a me ka unuhi mua (Pake), e lanakila ka Pākē mua.Inā he nīnau ka poʻe heluhelu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Ms. Wu Tingyao.