NgoJanuwari 20, 2017 / Guangdong Institute of Microbiology kunye neZiko loLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo lwePhondo laseGuangdong / Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Umbhalo/ Wu Tingyao

Kudala iyinyani eyaziwayo ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides inokunceda ukunyanga isifo seswekile, kodwa indlela esebenza ngayo sisihloko izazinzulu ezifuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngazo.

Kwangoko ngo-2012, i-Guangdong Institute of Microbiology kunye neZiko loLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo lwePhondo laseGuangdong ngokudibeneyo bakhuphe ingxelo echaza ukuba i-polysaccharides ephezulu ye-molecular weight (GLPs) ekhutshwe kwisicatshulwa samanzi ashushu.I-Ganoderma lucidumimizimba eneziqhamo inesiphumo esihle se-hypoglycemic sohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile (T2D).

Ngoku, baye bahlukanisa ngakumbi i-polysaccharides ezine kwi-GLPs, kwaye bathatha i-F31 esebenzayo ngakumbi (ubunzima bemolekyuli malunga ne-15.9 kDa, equlethe i-15.1% yeprotheyini) kwisifundo esinzulu, kwaye bafumanisa ukuba ayikwazi ukulawula i-glucose yegazi ngeendlela ezininzi kodwa. kwakhona ukukhusela isibindi.

LingzhiI-polysaccharides inokunciphisa i-hyperglycemia.

Kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana lweeveki ezi-6, kwafunyaniswa ukuba uhlobo lwe-2 yeempuku zesifo seswekile (I-Ganoderma lucidumI-dose ephezulu yeqela) yondliwa nge-50 mg / kgI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides F31 yonke imihla yayisoloko isezantsi amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ngokukhawuleza kuneempuku ezingaphathwanga zesifo seswekile (iqela lolawulo), kwaye bekukho umahluko omkhulu.

Ngokwahlukileyo, iimpuku zesifo seswekile (I-Ganoderma lucidumidosi yeqela-ephantsi) naye watyaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides F31 imihla ngemihla kodwa kwi-dose ye-25 mg / kg kuphela yayinokwehla okucacileyo kwi-glucose yegazi.Oku kubonisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides inefuthe lokulawula i-glucose yegazi, kodwa umphumo uya kuchaphazeleka kwi-dosage (Umfanekiso 1).

Umzobo 1 Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkumanqanaba eswekile yegazi ngokukhawuleza kwiimpuku zesifo seswekile

[Ingcaciso] Iyeza le-hypoglycemic elisetyenziswe kwi "Western Medicine Group" yi-metformin (Loditon), ethathwa ngomlomo kwi-50 mg / kg imihla ngemihla.Iyunithi yeswekile yegazi kumfanekiso ngu mmol/L.Yahlula ixabiso le-glucose yegazi nge-0.0555 ukufumana i-mg/dL.Izinga le-glucose yegazi eliqhelekileyo lokuzila ukutya kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kwe-5.6 mmol / L (malunga ne-100 mg / dL), ngaphezu kwe-7 mmol / L (126 mg / dL) sisifo sikashukela.(Izotywe ngu/Wu Tingyao, umthombo wedatha/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Reishi mushroomiipolysaccharides zinciphisa umonakalo wesibindi obangelwa sisifo seswekile.

Inokufumaneka kuMfanekiso 1 ukuba nangonaI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides F31 inokulawula i-glucose yegazi, umphumo wayo ungaphantsi kancinci kuneyeyeza lasentshona, kwaye ayikwazi ukubuyisela i-glucose yegazi kwisiqhelo.Nangona kunjalo,I-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides sele iqalile ukudlala indima ekukhuseleni isibindi.

Inokubonwa kuMfanekiso 2, ngexesha lovavanyo, ubume kunye ne-morphology yezicubu zesibindi seempuku zeswekile ezikhuselweyo.I-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides F31 (50 mg / kg) yayifana neegundane eziqhelekileyo, kwaye kwakukho ukuvuvukala okuncinci.Ngokwahlukileyo koko, izicubu zesibindi zeempuku zesifo seswekile ezingazange zifumane naluphi na unyango zonakaliswe kakhulu, kwaye iimeko zokuvuvukala kunye ne-necrosis nazo zazinzulu ngakumbi.

Umzobo we-2 Umphumela we-Hepatoprotective ofI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides kwiimpuku zeswekile

[Ingcaciso] Utolo olumhlophe lukhomba kwindawo eqhumayo okanye kwinecrotic lesion.(Umthombo/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

I-Pathogenesis yohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile

Izifundo ezininzi kwixesha elidlulileyo zachaza indlela yeI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides ezilawula iswekile yegazi ngokwembono "yokukhusela iiseli ze-pancreatic islet kunye nokuphucula ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin."Olu phononongo lucebisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides inokuphucula i-hyperglycemia ngezinye iindlela.

Ngaphambi kokuba siye phambili, kufuneka siqale sazi izitshixo ezimbalwa zokusekwa kohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile.Emva kokuba umntu onomsebenzi oqhelekileyo we-metabolic etyile, iiseli zakhe ze-pancreatic islet ziya kuvelisa i-insulin, evuselela iiseli ze-muscle kunye neeseli ezinamafutha ukuba zivelise "i-glucose transporter (GLUT4)" kumphezulu weseli "ukuthutha" i-glucose egazini kwiiseli.

Ngenxa yokuba i-glucose ayikwazi ukuwela i-membrane yeseli ngokuthe ngqo, ayikwazi ukungena kwiiseli ngaphandle koncedo lwe-GLUT4.I-crux yohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile kukuba iiseli azikhathaleli kwi-insulin (ukumelana ne-insulin).Nokuba i-insulin igcinwa rhoqo, ayinako ukuvelisa i-GLUT4 eyaneleyo kumphezulu weseli.

Le meko inokwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abatyebe kakhulu, kuba amanqatha adibanisa ihomoni ye-peptide ebizwa ngokuba yi "resistin", ebangela ukuxhathisa kwe-insulin kwiiseli ezinamafutha.

Ekubeni i-glucose ingumthombo wamandla weseli, xa iiseli bezingenayo i-glucose, ngaphezu kokwenza abantu bafune ukutya ngakumbi, kuya kukhuthaza isibindi ukuba sivelise i-glucose eninzi.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini zesibindi sokuvelisa i-glucose: enye kukubola i-glycogen, oko kukuthi, ukusebenzisa i-glucose ekuqaleni egcinwe esibindi;enye kukuhlaziya i-glycogen, oko kukuthi, ukuguqula izinto ezingeyo-carbohydrate ekrwada njengeprotheni kunye namafutha abe yiglucose.

Ezi ziphumo zimbini kwizigulane ezine-2 yeswekile zinamandla ngakumbi kunabantu abaqhelekileyo.Xa izinga lokusetyenziswa kweglucose ngeeseli zezicubu zehla ngelixa isixa semveliso yeglucose siqhubeka nokunyuka, kubanzima ngokwendalo ukuba iswekile yegazi iwe.

I-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides inciphisa inani le-glucose eveliswa sisibindi kwaye iphucula izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-glucose ngamaseli.

I-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides F31 zibonakala zikwazi ukusombulula ezi ngxaki zingentla.Emva kokuphela kovavanyo lwezilwanyana, abaphandi bakhupha isibindi semouse kunye namafutha e-epididymal (njengesalathisi samafutha omzimba), bahlalutya kwaye bathelekisa, kwaye bafumanisa ukuba i-F31 inendlela yokusebenza elandelayo (Umfanekiso 3):

I-1.Yenza i-AMPK protein kinase kwisibindi, ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kofuzo lwee-enzyme ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo kwi-glycogenolysis okanye i-gluconeogenesis kwisibindi, ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-glucose, kunye nokulawula i-glucose yegazi ukusuka kumthombo.

2. Ukwandisa inani le-GLUT4 kwi-adipocytes kunye nokuvimbela i-secretion ye-resissin kwi-adipocytes (ukwenza ezi ziguquko zimbini zisondele kakhulu kwimeko yeegundane eziqhelekileyo), ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuvakalelwa kwe-adipocytes kwi-insulin kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-glucose.

3. Ukunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukubonakaliswa kwe-gene ye-enzymes eziphambili ezibandakanyekayo kwi-fat synthesis kwi-tissue ye-adipose, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wamafutha kubunzima bomzimba kunye nokunciphisa izinto ezinxulumene nokuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin.

Kuyabonakala ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides inokulawula i-glucose yegazi ubuncinane ngeendlela ezintathu, kwaye ezi ndlela azinanto yakwenza "nokuvuselela i-insulin secretion", ukubonelela ngamathuba amaninzi okuphucula isifo sikashukela. 

Umzobo 3 Inkqubo yeI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides ekulawuleni iswekile yegazi

[Ingcaciso] I-epididymis yityhubhu efana nekhoyili ebhityileyo yeseminiferous esondele kumphezulu wetyhalarha, idibanisa i-vas deferens kunye namasende.Ekubeni amanqatha ajikeleze i-epididymis adityaniswa ngokufanelekileyo kunye namafutha apheleleyo omzimba wonke (ingakumbi i-visceral fat), ihlala isalathiso sokujonga uvavanyo.Ngokuphathelele indlela yokunciphisa i-GP kunye nezinye ii-enzymes emvaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides isebenze i-AMPK, kufuneka icaciswe ngakumbi, ngoko ubudlelwane phakathi kwezi zibini buboniswa ngu "?"emfanekisweni.(Umthombo) J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196: 47-57.）

Uhlobo olulodwa lweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides ayikho ngcono.

Iziphumo zophando ezikhankanywe ngasentla zisinika ukuqonda ngcono “njaniI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides ziluncedo kuhlobo lwesi-2 seswekile”.Kwakhona kusikhumbuza ukuba kwinqanaba lokuqala lokusebenzisa amayeza asentshona okanyeI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides, i-glucose yegazi ayinakubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo yonke ngexesha elinye okanye iphinde iguqe phezulu naphantsi ixesha elithile njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1.

Musa ukuphoxeka ngeli xesha, kuba nje usityaI-Ganoderma lucidum, amalungu akho angaphakathi akhuselwe.

Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ekuqaleni kwenqaku,I-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides F31 zimolekyuli ezincinci zepolysaccharides "deconstructed" ukusuka kwiGLPs.Ukuthelekisa iziphumo zabo ze-hypoglycemic phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zovavanyo, uya kufumanisa ukuba umphumo we-GLP ungcono kakhulu kune-F31 (Umfanekiso 4).

Ngamanye amazwi, uhlobo olulodwaI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides azikho ngcono, kodwa isiphumo esipheleleyo seentlobo ezibanziI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides inkulu.Kuba ii-GLPs ziipolysaccharides ezikrwada ezifunyenwe kuyoI-Ganoderma lucidumimizimba yeziqhamo ngokutsalwa kwamanzi ashushu, okoko nje utya iimveliso eziqulatheI-Ganoderma lucidumimizimba yeziqhamo isicatshulwa samanzi, awuyi kuphoswa yi-GLPs. 

Umfanekiso wesi-4 Isiphumo seentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides kumanqanaba eglucose yegazi ngokukhawuleza 

[Inkcazelo] Emva kweempuku ezinesifo seswekile esi-2 (ixabiso leswekile yegazi lokuzila ukutya li-12-13 mmol/L) lifumene inaliti ye-intraperitoneal yonke imihla.I-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides F31 (50 mg/kg),I-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides ekrwada ye-GLPs (i-50 mg / kg okanye i-100 mg / kg) kwiintsuku ze-7 ezilandelelanayo, amanqanaba abo e-glucose yegazi afaniswa nalawo eempuku eziqhelekileyo kunye neempuku zesifo seswekile ezingaphathwanga.(Izotywe ngu/Wu Tingyao, umthombo wedatha/Arch Pharm Res. 2012; 35(10):1793-801.J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Imithombo

1. Xiao C, et al.Umsebenzi we-Antidiabetic we-Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides F31 ephantsi-elawula i-enzymes yokulawula i-glucose ye-hepatic kwiigundane zesifo seswekile.J Ethnopharmacol.2017 Jan 20;196:47-57.

2. UXiao C, kunye nabanye.Iziphumo ze-Hypoglycemic zeGanoderma lucidum polysaccharides kuhlobo lwe-2 yeegundane zesifo sikashukela.Arch Pharm Res.2012 Okt;35(10):1793-801.

ISIPHELO

Malunga nombhali/ Nksz. Wu Tingyao

UWu Tingyao unike ingxelo ngolwazi lweGanoderma lokuqala ukusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali wencwadiUkunyanga ngeGanoderma(ipapashwe kwiNdlu yePeople's Medical Publishing House ngo-Epreli 2017).

★ Eli nqaku lipapashwe phantsi kogunyaziso olulodwa lombhali.★ Le misebenzi ingasentla ayinakuphinda iveliswe, icatshulwe okanye isetyenziswe ngezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa ngumbhali.★ Ukwaphulwa kwengxelo engentla, umbhali uya kulandela uxanduva olusemthethweni olufanelekileyo.★ Umbhalo wokuqala weli nqaku ubhalwe ngesiTshayina nguWu Tingyao waza waguqulelwa kwisiNgesi nguAlfred Liu.Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungangqinelani phakathi kwenguqulelo (isiNgesi) kunye neyoqobo (isiTshayina), isiTshayina sokuqala siya koyisa.Ukuba abafundi banayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali wokuqala, uNks. Wu Tingyao.