Janairu 20, 2017 / Cibiyar Nazarin Kwayoyin Halitta ta Guangdong da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta Lardin Guangdong / Jaridar Ethnopharmacology

Rubutu/ Wu Tingyao

An dade da sanin cewaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides na iya taimakawa wajen magance ciwon sukari, amma yadda yake aiki shine batun da masana kimiyya ke son ƙarin sani game da.

Tun a shekarar 2012, Cibiyar Nazarin Kwayoyin Halitta ta Guangdong da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta lardin Guangdong ta ba da rahoto tare da nuna cewa polysaccharides mai nauyin kwayoyin halitta (GLPs) da aka hako daga ruwan zafi mai zafi.Ganoderma lucidumJikunan 'ya'yan itace suna da kyakkyawan tasirin hypoglycemic don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 (T2D).

Yanzu, sun ƙara ware polysaccharides guda huɗu daga GLPs, kuma sun ɗauki F31 mafi aiki (nauyin kwayoyin kusan 15.9 kDa, wanda ke ɗauke da furotin 15.1%) don zurfin bincike, kuma sun gano cewa ba zai iya daidaita glucose na jini kawai ta hanyoyi masu yawa ba amma. kuma yana kare hanta.

Lingzhipolysaccharides na iya rage hyperglycemia.

A cikin gwajin dabba na mako 6, an gano nau'in berayen masu ciwon sukari na 2 (Ganoderma lucidumBabban kashi na rukuni) ciyar da 50 MG / kgGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 kowace rana yana da ƙarancin matakan glucose na jini akai-akai fiye da berayen masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ba a kula da su ba (ƙungiyar kulawa), kuma akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci.

Sabanin haka, beraye masu ciwon sukari (Ganoderma lucidumrukuni-ƙananan kashi) wanda kuma ya ciGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 kullum amma a kashi na 25 mg/kg yana da ƙarancin faɗuwar glucose na jini.Wannan ya nuna cewaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides suna da tasirin daidaita glucose na jini, amma tasirin zai shafi sashi (Hoto 1).

Hoto 1 TasirinGanoderma lucidumakan matakan glucose na jini masu azumi a cikin mice masu ciwon sukari

[Bayyana] Magungunan hypoglycemic da ake amfani da su a cikin "Rukunin Magungunan Yammacin Yamma" shine metformin (Loditon), wanda ake sha da baki a 50 mg/kg kullum.Naúrar glucose na jini a cikin adadi shine mmol/L.Raba ƙimar glucose na jini da 0.0555 don samun mg/dL.Matsayin glucose na azumi na al'ada ya zama ƙasa da 5.6 mmol/L (kimanin 100 mg/dL), fiye da 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) shine ciwon sukari.(Wu Tingyao ya zana, tushen bayanai/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Reishi naman kazapolysaccharides yana rage lalacewar hanta da ciwon sukari ke haifarwa.

Ana iya samuwa daga Hoto 1 cewa ko da yakeGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 na iya daidaita glucose na jini, tasirinsa ya ɗan yi ƙasa da na magungunan yamma, kuma ba zai iya mayar da glucose na jini zuwa al'ada ba.Duk da haka,Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides sun fara taka rawa wajen kare hanta.

Ana iya ganin shi daga Hoto na 2, yayin gwajin, tsari da tsarin halittar hanta na berayen masu ciwon sukari da aka kiyaye su.Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 (50 mg/kg) sun yi kama da na berayen al'ada, kuma akwai ƙarancin kumburi.Sabanin haka, ƙwayoyin hanta na berayen masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ba su sami wani magani ba sun lalace sosai, kuma yanayin kumburi da necrosis ma sun fi tsanani.

Hoto 2 Tasirin Hepatoprotective naGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides akan mice masu ciwon sukari

[Bayyana] Farar kibiya tana nuni ga rauni mai kumburi ko necrotic.(Madogararsa/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Pathogenesis na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2

Yawancin karatu a baya sun bayyana tsarinGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides da ke daidaita glucose na jini daga hangen nesa na "kare ƙwayoyin islet na pancreatic da haɓaka haɓakar insulin."Wannan binciken ya nuna cewaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides kuma na iya inganta hyperglycemia ta wasu hanyoyi.

Kafin mu ci gaba, dole ne mu fara sanin ƴan maɓallan samuwar nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.Bayan mutumin da ke da aikin motsa jiki na yau da kullun ya ci abinci, ƙwayoyin tsibiran sa na pancreatic za su ɓoye insulin, wanda ke motsa ƙwayoyin tsoka da ƙwayoyin kitse don samar da “transporter glucose (GLUT4)” a saman tantanin halitta don “sauke” glucose a cikin jini zuwa cikin sel.

Saboda glucose ba zai iya haye membrane tantanin halitta kai tsaye ba, ba zai iya shiga sel ba tare da taimakon GLUT4 ba.Babban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 shine cewa sel ba sa kula da insulin (juriya na insulin).Ko da insulin yana ɓoye akai-akai, har yanzu ba zai iya samar da isasshen GLUT4 akan saman tantanin halitta ba.

Wannan yanayin ya fi faruwa a cikin mutane masu kiba, saboda mai yana haɗa sinadarin peptide hormone mai suna "resistin", wanda ke haifar da juriya na insulin a cikin ƙwayoyin mai.

Tunda glucose shine tushen makamashin tantanin halitta, lokacin da sel sun kasance basu da glucose, baya ga sanya mutane sha'awar cin abinci mai yawa, zai kuma karfafa hanta don samar da glucose mai yawa.

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don hanta don samar da glucose: ɗaya ita ce ta bazu glycogen, wato, ta yi amfani da glucose na asali da aka adana a cikin hanta;ɗayan kuma shine sake haɓaka glycogen, wato canza kayan da ba su da carbohydrate kamar furotin da mai zuwa glucose.

Wadannan illa guda biyu a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 sun fi ƙarfi fiye da na talakawa.Lokacin da adadin amfani da glucose ta sel na nama ya ragu yayin da adadin samar da glucose ke ci gaba da hauhawa, yana da wahala a dabi'a don faɗuwar glucose na jini.

Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides yana rage adadin glucose da hanta ke samarwa kuma yana inganta ƙimar amfani da glucose ta sel.

Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 yana da alama yana iya magance matsalolin da ke sama.Bayan karshen gwajin dabba, masu binciken sun fitar da hanta linzamin kwamfuta da kitsen epididymal (a matsayin mai nuna kitsen jiki), sun yi nazari tare da kwatanta su, kuma sun gano cewa F31 yana da tsarin aiki mai zuwa (Hoto 3):

1. Kunna AMPK protein kinase a cikin hanta, rage yawan maganganun kwayoyin halitta na enzymes da yawa da ke cikin glycogenolysis ko gluconeogenesis a cikin hanta, rage yawan samar da glucose, da sarrafa glucose na jini daga tushen.

2. Ƙara yawan GLUT4 akan adipocytes kuma yana hana ɓoyewar resistin daga adipocytes (yana yin waɗannan nau'o'in nau'i biyu suna kusa da yanayin berayen al'ada), don haka inganta yanayin adipocytes zuwa insulin da haɓaka amfani da glucose.

3. Mahimmanci rage yawan maganganun kwayoyin halittar enzymes masu mahimmanci da ke cikin haɗin mai a cikin adipose tissue, don haka rage yawan kitse a cikin nauyin jiki da kuma rage abubuwan da suka shafi juriya na insulin.

Ana iya ganin hakaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides na iya daidaita glucose na jini ta hanyar aƙalla hanyoyi guda uku, kuma waɗannan hanyoyin ba su da alaƙa da "ƙarfafa siginin insulin", yana ba da ƙarin dama don haɓaka ciwon sukari. 

Hoto 3 Tsarin naGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides a cikin daidaita glucose na jini

[Bayyana] Epididymis bututu ce mai kama da bakin ciki wacce ke kusa da saman ƙwanƙwalwa, tana haɗa vas deferens da ƙwayaye.Tun da kitsen da ke kusa da epididymis yana da alaƙa da alaƙa da jimillar kitsen jiki duka (musamman kitsen visceral), sau da yawa ya zama ma'aunin kallon gwajin.Amma yadda ake rage GP da sauran enzymes bayanGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides yana kunna AMPK, yana buƙatar ƙarin fayyace, don haka alaƙar da ke tsakanin su tana nuna ta “?”a cikin adadi.(Madogararsa J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Nau'in guda ɗayaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ba lallai ba ne mafi kyau.

Sakamakon binciken da aka ambata a sama ya ba mu kyakkyawar fahimtar “yaddaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides suna da amfani ga nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.Har ila yau, yana tunatar da mu cewa a farkon matakin yin amfani da magungunan yammacin koGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides, glucose na jini bazai dawo daidai ba lokaci ɗaya ko ma yana jujjuyawa sama da ƙasa na wani ɗan lokaci kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 1.

Kada ku ji kunya a wannan lokacin, domin idan dai kuna ciGanoderma lucidum, an kare gabobin ku na ciki.

Yana da kyau a ambata cewa, kamar yadda aka ambata a farkon labarin.Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 ƙananan ƙwayoyin polysaccharides "wanda aka gina" daga GLPs.Idan aka kwatanta tasirin su na hypoglycemic a ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji iri ɗaya, za ku ga cewa tasirin GLPs ya fi na F31 (Hoto 4).

A takaice dai, nau'in guda ɗayaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ba lallai ba ne mafi kyau, amma gaba ɗaya tasirin nau'ikan nau'ikanGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ya fi girma.Tunda GLPs danyen polysaccharides ne da aka samo dagaGanoderma lucidum'ya'yan itace ta hanyar hakar ruwan zafi, muddin kuna cin kayayyakin da ke dauke da suGanoderma lucidumCire ruwan 'ya'yan itace, ba za ku rasa GLPs ba. 

Hoto 4 Tasirin nau'ikan iri daban-dabanGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides akan matakan glucose na jini mai azumi 

[Bayyana] Bayan beraye masu ciwon sukari na 2 (ƙimar glucose na jini mai azumi 12-13 mmol/L) sun sami allurar intraperitoneal na yau da kullun.Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 (50 mg / kg),Ganoderma lucidumdanyen polysaccharides GLPs (50 mg/kg ko 100 mg/kg) na tsawon kwanaki 7 a jere, an kwatanta matakan glucose na jininsu da na berayen al'ada da na berayen masu ciwon sukari marasa magani.(Wu Tingyao ya zana, tushen bayanai/Arch Pharm Res. 2012; 35(10):1793-801.J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Sources

1. Xiao C, et al.Ayyukan antidiabetic na Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides F31-ƙasa-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsare-tsaye-enzyme-glucose na hanta a cikin mice masu ciwon sukari.J Ethnopharmacol.2017 Janairu 20; 196: 47-57.

2. Xiao C, da dai sauransu.Sakamakon hypoglycemic na Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides a cikin nau'in 2 masu ciwon sukari.Arch Pharm Res.2012 Oktoba; 35 (10): 1793-801.

KARSHE

Game da marubucin / Ms. Wu Tingyao

Wu Tingyao ta kasance tana ba da rahoto game da bayanan Ganoderma na farko tun 1999. Ita ce marubucin labarun Ganoderma.Waraka tare da Ganoderma(an buga a The People's Medical Publishing House a Afrilu 2017).

★ An buga wannan labarin ne a ƙarƙashin izini na musamman na marubucin.★ Wadannan ayyukan da ke sama ba za a iya sake su ba, cire su ko amfani da su ta wasu hanyoyi ba tare da izinin marubuci ba.★ Don keta bayanin da ke sama, marubucin zai bi alhakin da ya dace na shari'a.★ Asalin rubutun wannan labarin Wu Tingyao ne ya rubuta shi da Sinanci kuma Alfred Liu ya fassara shi zuwa Turanci.Idan akwai wani sabani tsakanin fassarar (Turanci) da na asali (China), asalin Sinanci zai yi nasara.Idan masu karatu suna da wasu tambayoyi, tuntuɓi marubuciyar asali, Ms. Wu Tingyao.