Lub Ib Hlis 20, 2017 / Guangdong Institute of Microbiology thiab Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province / Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Text/Wu Tingyao

Nws tau ntev tau lees paub qhov tseeb tiasGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tuaj yeem pab kho mob ntshav qab zib, tab sis nws ua haujlwm li cas yog lub ntsiab lus uas cov kws tshawb fawb xav paub ntau ntxiv txog.

Raws li thaum ntxov xyoo 2012, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology thiab Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province tau koom ua ke tshaj tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais tias lub siab molecular hnyav polysaccharides (GLPs) muab rho tawm los ntawm dej kub extract ntawmGanoderma lucidumTxiv hmab txiv ntoo lub cev muaj cov nyhuv hypoglycemic zoo rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus (T2D).

Tam sim no, lawv tau cais plaub polysaccharides ntxiv los ntawm GLPs, thiab coj F31 ntau dua (molecular hnyav li ntawm 15.9 kDa, muaj 15.1% protein) rau qhov kev tshawb fawb tob, thiab pom tias nws tsis tuaj yeem tswj cov ntshav qabzib los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev tab sis kuj tiv thaiv lub siab.

Lingzhipolysaccharides tuaj yeem txo qis hyperglycemia.

Hauv kev sim tsiaj 6 lub lis piam, nws tau pom tias hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib nas (Ganoderma lucidumpawg-siab koob tshuaj) noj nrog 50 mg / kgGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 txhua hnub tau txo qis cov ntshav qabzib nrawm dua li cov nas ntshav qab zib uas tsis tau kho (tswj pawg), thiab muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb.

Hauv qhov sib piv, cov nas mob ntshav qab zib (Ganoderma lucidumpab pawg-tsawg koob) uas tau nojGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 txhua hnub tab sis ntawm koob tshuaj tsuas yog 25 mg / kg muaj qhov tsis tshua pom tseeb hauv cov ntshav qabzib.Qhov no qhia tau hais tias lubGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tswj cov ntshav qabzib, tab sis cov nyhuv yuav cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siv ntau npaum li cas (Daim duab 1).

Daim duab 1 Cov nyhuv ntawmGanoderma lucidumntawm ceev ceev cov ntshav qabzib hauv cov nas ntshav qab zib

[Kev piav qhia] Cov tshuaj hypoglycemic siv nyob rau hauv "Western Medicine Group" yog metformin (Loditon), uas tau noj ntawm qhov ncauj ntawm 50 mg / kg txhua hnub.Qhov ntsuas ntshav qabzib hauv daim duab yog mmol / L.Faib cov ntshav qabzib tus nqi los ntawm 0.0555 kom tau txais mg / dL.Cov ntshav qabzib yoo mov yuav tsum qis dua 5.6 mmol / L (kwv yees li 100 mg / dL), ntau dua 7 mmol / L (126 mg / dL) yog ntshav qab zib.(Drawn by/Wu Tingyao, data source/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Reishi ncebpolysaccharides txo lub siab puas tsuaj los ntawm ntshav qab zib.

Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 1 txawm tiasGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 tuaj yeem tswj cov ntshav qabzib, nws cov nyhuv yog me ntsis qis dua li cov tshuaj sab hnub poob, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem rov qab cov ntshav qabzib mus rau qhov qub.Txawm li cas los xij,Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tau pib ua lub luag haujlwm tiv thaiv lub siab.

Nws tuaj yeem pom los ntawm daim duab 2, thaum lub sijhawm sim, cov qauv thiab morphology ntawm daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas mob ntshav qab zib tiv thaiv los ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 (50 mg / kg) zoo ib yam li cov nas ib txwm muaj, thiab muaj qhov mob tsawg dua.Hauv qhov sib piv, daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nas mob ntshav qab zib uas tsis tau txais kev kho mob tau raug puas tsuaj, thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm o thiab necrosis kuj hnyav dua.

Daim duab 2 Hepatoprotective nyhuv ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides rau cov nas mob ntshav qab zib

[Kev piav qhia] Cov xub dawb taw qhia rau qhov mob o lossis mob necrotic.(Source/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Pathogenesis ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib

Ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los tau piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tswj cov ntshav qabzib los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm "tiv thaiv kab mob pancreatic islet hlwb thiab txhim kho insulin secretion."Txoj kev tshawb no qhia tiasGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tuaj yeem txhim kho hyperglycemia hauv lwm txoj hauv kev.

Ua ntej yuav mus ntxiv, peb yuav tsum xub paub ob peb lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov ntshav qab zib hom 2.Tom qab ib tus neeg uas muaj cov metabolism hauv ib txwm noj, nws cov kab mob pancreatic islet yuav tso cov tshuaj insulin, uas ua rau cov leeg nqaij thiab cov rog rog los tsim "glucose transporter (GLUT4)" ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes kom "hloov" cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav mus rau hauv cov hlwb.

Vim tias cov piam thaj tsis tuaj yeem hla cov cell membrane ncaj qha, nws tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov hlwb yam tsis muaj kev pab ntawm GLUT4.Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus yog cov hlwb tsis nkag siab rau insulin (insulin resistance).Txawm hais tias insulin tau zais ntau zaus, nws tseem tsis tuaj yeem tsim GLUT4 txaus rau ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm tes.

Qhov xwm txheej no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov neeg rog rog, vim tias rog ua rau cov tshuaj peptide hu ua "resistin", uas ua rau cov tshuaj insulin tsis kam hauv cov rog rog.

Txij li thaum cov piam thaj yog lub zog ntawm lub zog, thaum cov hlwb tsis muaj piam thaj, ntxiv rau qhov ua rau tib neeg xav noj ntau dua, nws tseem yuav txhawb kom lub siab tsim cov piam thaj ntau dua.

Muaj ob txoj hauv kev rau lub siab los tsim cov piam thaj: ib qho yog decompose glycogen, uas yog, siv cov piam thaj hauv lub siab;Lwm qhov yog los tsim cov glycogen, uas yog, hloov cov ntaub ntawv tsis-carbohydrate xws li cov protein thiab rog rau hauv qabzib.

Ob qhov kev cuam tshuam no hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib hom 2 muaj zog dua li cov neeg zoo tib yam.Thaum siv cov piam thaj los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg txo qis thaum cov piam thaj ntau ntxiv nce ntxiv, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov ntshav qabzib poob.

Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides txo cov piam thaj hauv lub siab thiab txhim kho kev siv cov piam thaj los ntawm cov hlwb.

Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 zoo li yuav daws tau cov teeb meem saum toj no.Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev sim tsiaj, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tshem tawm cov nas lub siab thiab cov rog epididymal (raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm lub cev rog), soj ntsuam thiab muab piv rau lawv, thiab pom tias F31 muaj cov txheej txheem hauv qab no ntawm kev ua (Daim duab 3):

1.Activate AMPK protein kinase nyob rau hauv daim siab, txo cov noob qhia ntawm ob peb enzymes koom nrog glycogenolysis los yog gluconeogenesis hauv daim siab, txo cov piam thaj ntau lawm, thiab tswj cov ntshav qabzib los ntawm qhov chaw.

2. Ua kom tus naj npawb ntawm GLUT4 ntawm adipocytes thiab inhibit qhov tso tawm ntawm resistin los ntawm adipocytes (ua rau ob qhov sib txawv no ze ze rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov nas ib txwm), yog li txhim kho qhov rhiab heev ntawm adipocytes rau insulin thiab nce kev siv cov piam thaj.

3. Txo cov noob caj noob ces ntawm cov enzymes tseem ceeb koom nrog hauv cov roj synthesis hauv cov ntaub so ntswg adipose, yog li txo qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov rog hauv lub cev hnyav thiab txo cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog insulin tsis kam.

Nws pom tau tiasGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tuaj yeem tswj cov ntshav qabzib tsawg kawg yog peb txoj hauv kev, thiab txoj hauv kev no tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog "kev txhawb nqa insulin secretion", muab ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev txhim kho ntshav qab zib. 

Daim duab 3 Lub mechanism ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides hauv kev tswj cov ntshav qabzib

[Kev piav qhia] Lub epididymis yog ib co co-zoo li nyias seminiferous raj uas nyob ze rau saum lub noob qes, txuas cov vas deferens thiab cov noob qes.Txij li thaum cov rog nyob ib ncig ntawm lub epididymis muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog tag nrho cov rog ntawm tag nrho lub cev (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog visceral rog), nws feem ntau dhau los ua qhov ntsuas ntsuas ntawm qhov kev sim.Yuav ua li cas txo GP thiab lwm yam enzymes tom qabGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides qhib AMPK, nws yuav tsum tau qhia meej ntxiv, yog li kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob yog qhia los ntawm "?"hauv daim duab.(Source/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Ib hom ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tsis tas yuav zoo dua.

Cov kev tshawb fawb tau hais los saum toj no ua rau peb nkag siab zoo dua ntawm "yuav ua li casGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib ".Nws kuj tseem ceeb rau peb hais tias nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm kev siv tshuaj western los yogGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides, cov ntshav qabzib yuav tsis rov qab mus rau qhov qub tag nrho ib zaug lossis txawm tias nce thiab nqis mus rau lub sijhawm raws li qhia hauv daim duab 1.

Tsis txhob poob siab rau lub sijhawm no, vim tias ntev npaum li koj nojGanoderma lucidum, koj lub cev sab hauv tau raug tiv thaiv.

Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias, raws li tau hais nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm,Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 yog me me-molecule polysaccharides "deconstructed" los ntawm GLPs.Sib piv lawv cov teebmeem hypoglycemic nyob rau hauv tib yam kev sim, koj yuav pom tias cov nyhuv ntawm GLPs zoo dua li ntawm F31 (Daim duab 4).

Hauv lwm lo lus, ib hom ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides tsis tas yuav zoo dua, tab sis tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom siv dav davGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ntau dua.Vim tias GLPs yog cov khoom siv raw polysaccharides tau los ntawmGanoderma lucidumfruiting lub cev los ntawm cov dej kub extraction, tsuav yog koj noj cov khoom uas muajGanoderma lucidumfruiting cev dej extract, koj yuav tsis nco GLPs. 

Daim duab 4 Cov nyhuv ntawm ntau yam ntawmGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ntawm cov ntshav qabzib yoo mov 

[Kev piav qhia] Tom qab cov nas uas muaj ntshav qab zib hom 2 (kev yoo mov ntshav qabzib tus nqi 12-13 mmol / L) tau txais kev txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneal txhua hnub.Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 (50 mg / kg),Ganoderma lucidumcrude polysaccharides GLPs (50 mg / kg lossis 100 mg / kg) rau 7 hnub sib law liag, lawv cov ntshav qabzib tau raug muab piv nrog cov nas ib txwm muaj thiab cov nas uas tsis kho mob ntshav qab zib.(Drawn by/Wu Tingyao, data source/Arch Pharm Res. 2012; 35(10): 1793-801.J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Qhov chaw

1. Xiao C, et al.Antidiabetic kev ua ntawm Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides F31 down-regulated hepatic glucose regulatory enzymes hauv cov nas mob ntshav qab zib.J Ethnopharmacol.2017 Lub Ib Hlis 20; 196: 47-57.

2. Xiao C, et al.Cov teebmeem hypoglycemic ntawm Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides hauv hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib nas.Arch Pharm Res.Peb Hlis 2012; 35(10): 1793-801.

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Hais txog tus sau/ Ms. Wu Tingyao

Wu Tingyao tau tshaj tawm cov ntaub ntawv Ganoderma thawj zaug txij li xyoo 1999. Nws yog tus sau ntawmKho nrog Ganoderma(tshaj tawm hauv Lub Tsev Kho Mob Tib Neeg Lub Plaub Hlis 2017).

★ Kab lus no tau luam tawm raws li kev tso cai tshwj xeeb ntawm tus sau.★ Cov haujlwm saum toj no tsis tuaj yeem muab luam tawm, txiav tawm lossis siv lwm txoj hauv kev yam tsis muaj kev tso cai los ntawm tus sau.★ Rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov lus hais saum toj no, tus sau yuav ua raws li cov luag haujlwm raug cai.★ Cov ntawv qub ntawm kab lus no tau sau ua lus Suav los ntawm Wu Tingyao thiab txhais ua lus Askiv los ntawm Alfred Liu.Yog tias muaj qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev txhais lus (English) thiab tus thawj (Suav), tus thawj Suav yuav yeej.Yog tias cov nyeem muaj lus nug, thov hu rau tus thawj kws sau ntawv, Ms. Wu Tingyao.