Januware 20, 2017 / Guangdong Institute of Microbiology ndi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province / Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Zolemba / Wu Tingyao

Zakhala zodziwika kale kutiGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides atha kuthandiza kuchiza matenda a shuga, koma momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi mutu womwe asayansi akufuna kudziwa zambiri.

Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2012, bungwe la Guangdong Institute of Microbiology and Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province linapereka lipoti loti ma polysaccharides (GLPs) omwe amachotsedwa m'madzi otentha.Ganoderma lucidummatupi opatsa zipatso amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino za hypoglycemic pamtundu wa 2 shuga (T2D).

Tsopano, apatulanso ma polysaccharides anayi ku GLPs, ndipo adatenga F31 yogwira ntchito kwambiri (mamolekyu olemera pafupifupi 15.9 kDa, okhala ndi mapuloteni 15.1%) kuti afufuze mozama, ndipo adapeza kuti sangathe kuwongolera shuga m'magazi kudzera m'njira zingapo koma. komanso kuteteza chiwindi.

Lingzhima polysaccharides amatha kuchepetsa hyperglycemia.

Pakuyesa kwa nyama kwa milungu 6, zidapezeka kuti mbewa zamtundu wa 2 shuga (Ganoderma lucidumgulu-mkulu mlingo) kudyetsedwa ndi 50 mg/kgGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 tsiku lililonse anali otsika kwambiri shuga m'magazi osala kudya kuposa mbewa za matenda ashuga osachiritsidwa (gulu lolamulira), ndipo panali kusiyana kwakukulu.

Mosiyana ndi izi, mbewa za matenda ashuga (Ganoderma lucidumgulu-otsika mlingo) amenenso anadyaGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 tsiku lililonse koma pa mlingo wa 25 mg/kg okha anali ndi kutsika koonekeratu kwa shuga m'magazi.Izi zikuwonetsa kutiGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides ali ndi mphamvu yowongolera shuga wamagazi, koma zotsatira zake zimakhudzidwa ndi mlingo (Chithunzi 1).

Chithunzi 1 Zotsatira zaGanoderma lucidumpa kusala kwa glucose m'magazi a mbewa za matenda ashuga

[Kufotokozera] Mankhwala a hypoglycemic omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu "Western Medicine Group" ndi metformin (Loditon), yomwe imatengedwa pakamwa pa 50 mg/kg tsiku lililonse.Mlingo wa glucose m'magazi ndi mmol / L.Gawani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi 0.0555 kuti mupeze mg/dL.Mlingo wa shuga wamagazi osala kudya uyenera kukhala pansi pa 5.6 mmol/L (pafupifupi 100 mg/dL), woposa 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) ndi matenda a shuga.(Yojambulidwa ndi/Wu Tingyao, gwero la data/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Reishi bowama polysaccharides amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha matenda a shuga.

Itha kupezeka mu Chithunzi 1 kuti ngakhaleGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 amatha kuwongolera shuga m'magazi, zotsatira zake zimakhala zotsika pang'ono poyerekeza ndi zamankhwala akumadzulo, ndipo sangathe kubwezeretsa shuga m'magazi kukhala abwinobwino.Komabe,Ganoderma lucidumma polysaccharides ayamba kugwira ntchito yoteteza chiwindi.

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pa Chithunzi 2, panthawi yoyesera, kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka chiwindi cha mbewa za matenda ashuga otetezedwa ndiGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 (50 mg / kg) anali ofanana ndi a mbewa zabwinobwino, ndipo panalibe kutupa kochepa.Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mbewa zachiwindi za mbewa za matenda a shuga zomwe sizinalandire chithandizo chilichonse zinawonongeka kwambiri, ndipo mikhalidwe ya kutupa ndi necrosis inali yaikulu kwambiri.

Chithunzi 2 Hepatoprotective zotsatira zaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides pa mbewa za matenda ashuga

[Kufotokozera] Muvi woyera umaloza ku chotupa chotupa kapena necrotic.(Source/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Pathogenesis yamtundu wa 2 shuga

Maphunziro ambiri m'mbuyomu anafotokoza limagwirira waGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides omwe amawongolera shuga m'magazi kuchokera ku "kuteteza ma cell a pancreatic islet ndikuwonjezera kutulutsa kwa insulin."Kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kutiGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides amathanso kusintha hyperglycemia m'njira zina.

Tisanapitirire, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa makiyi angapo opangira matenda amtundu wa 2.Munthu akadya, maselo ake a pancreatic islet amatulutsa insulini, yomwe imapangitsa kuti maselo a minofu ndi mafuta azitulutsa "glucose transporter (GLUT4)" pama cell kuti "asamutse" shuga m'magazi kulowa m'maselo.

Chifukwa glucose sangathe kuwoloka nembanemba wa cell mwachindunji, sangathe kulowa m'maselo popanda thandizo la GLUT4.Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 ndikuti ma cell samakhudzidwa ndi insulin (insulin kukana).Ngakhale insulini itatulutsidwa pafupipafupi, sikungatulutse GLUT4 yokwanira pama cell.

Izi zitha kuchitika mwa anthu onenepa kwambiri, chifukwa mafuta amapanga peptide hormone yotchedwa "resistin", yomwe imayambitsa kukana kwa insulin m'maselo amafuta.

Popeza glucose ndiye gwero lamphamvu la maselo, pamene maselo akhala akusowa shuga, kuwonjezera pa kupangitsa anthu kufuna kudya kwambiri, amalimbikitsanso chiwindi kupanga shuga wambiri.

Pali njira ziwiri zomwe chiwindi chimapangira shuga: imodzi ndiyo kuwola glycogen, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito shuga wosungidwa m'chiwindi;ina ndiyo kukonzanso glycogen, ndiko kuti, kutembenuza zinthu zosakhala ndi ma carbohydrate monga zomanga thupi ndi mafuta kukhala shuga.

Zotsatira ziwirizi mwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 zimakhala zamphamvu kuposa za anthu wamba.Kuchuluka kwa glucose m'maselo akamagwiritsidwa ntchito kumachepa pomwe kuchuluka kwa glucose kumapitilira kukwera, zimakhala zovuta kuti glucose agwe.

Ganoderma lucidumma polysaccharides amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga wopangidwa ndi chiwindi ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'maselo.

Ganoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 akuwoneka kuti amatha kuthetsa mavuto omwe ali pamwambawa.Pambuyo pa kutha kwa kuyesa kwa nyama, ochita kafukufuku adatulutsa chiwindi cha mbewa ndi mafuta a epididymal (monga chizindikiro cha mafuta a thupi), adawasanthula ndikufanizira, ndipo adapeza kuti F31 ili ndi njira zotsatirazi (Chithunzi 3):

1.Yambitsani AMPK protein kinase m'chiwindi, kuchepetsa kufotokozera kwa majini a michere yambiri yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi glycogenolysis kapena gluconeogenesis m'chiwindi, kuchepetsa kupanga shuga, ndikuwongolera shuga wamagazi kuchokera ku gwero.

2. Wonjezerani chiwerengero cha GLUT4 pa adipocytes ndikuletsa kutulutsa kwa resistin kuchokera ku adipocytes (kupanga mitundu iwiriyi kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha mbewa zabwinobwino), potero kumapangitsa chidwi cha adipocytes ku insulini ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito shuga.

3. Kuchepetsa kwambiri mawonekedwe a jini a ma enzymes ofunikira omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi kaphatikizidwe ka mafuta mu minofu ya adipose, potero amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu kulemera kwa thupi ndikuchepetsa zinthu zokhudzana ndi insulin kukana.

Izo zikhoza kuwonedwaGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides amatha kuyendetsa shuga m'magazi kudzera m'njira zosachepera zitatu, ndipo njirazi sizikugwirizana ndi "kutulutsa insulini", zomwe zimapereka mwayi wowonjezera matenda a shuga. 

Chithunzi 3 Njira yaGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides pakuwongolera shuga wamagazi

[Kufotokozera] Epididymis ndi chubu chopyapyala chonga ngati seminiferous chubu chomwe chili pafupi ndi pamwamba pa machende, kulumikiza minyewa ndi machende.Popeza mafuta ozungulira epididymis amagwirizana bwino ndi mafuta onse a thupi lonse (makamaka mafuta a visceral), nthawi zambiri amakhala chizindikiro cha kuyesera.Momwe mungachepetsere GP ndi ma enzymes ena pambuyo pakeGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides yambitsa AMPK, ikuyenera kufotokozedwanso bwino, kotero ubale pakati pa awiriwo ukuwonetsedwa ndi "?"mu chithunzi.(Source (J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Mtundu umodzi waGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides si abwino.

Zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa zimatipatsa kumvetsetsa bwino za “momweGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides ndiwothandiza pa matenda a shuga a 2 ”.Imatikumbutsanso kuti mu gawo loyambirira la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala akumadzulo kapenaGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides, shuga m'magazi sangabwerere mwakamodzi kapena kusinthasintha kwa nthawi yayitali monga momwe chithunzi 1 chikusonyezera.

Musakhumudwe panthawiyi, chifukwa malinga ngati mudyaGanoderma lucidum, ziwalo zanu zamkati zatetezedwa.

Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti, monga tafotokozera kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi,Ganoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 ndi ma polysaccharides ang'onoang'ono "opangidwa" kuchokera ku GLPs.Poyerekeza zotsatira zawo za hypoglycemic pansi pa zoyeserera zomwezo, mupeza kuti zotsatira za GLPs ndizabwino kwambiri kuposa za F31 (Chithunzi 4).

M'mawu ena, mtundu umodzi waGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides si bwino, koma zotsatira zonse za mitundu yonse yaGanoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ndi zazikulu.Popeza ma GLPs ndi ma polysaccharides omwe amapezeka kuchokeraGanoderma lucidumfruiting matupi kudzera m'zigawo madzi otentha, bola ngati inu kudya mankhwala munaliGanoderma lucidumfruiting matupi madzi Tingafinye, simudzaphonya GLPs. 

Chithunzi 4 Zotsatira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaGanoderma lucidumma polysaccharides pakukula kwa glucose m'magazi 

[Kufotokozera] Pambuyo pa mbewa zokhala ndi matenda amtundu wa 2 (kusala kudya kwa shuga m'magazi 12-13 mmol / L) kulandira jakisoni wa intraperitoneal tsiku lililonse.Ganoderma lucidumma polysaccharides F31 (50 mg/kg),Ganoderma lucidumcrude polysaccharides GLPs (50 mg/kg kapena 100 mg/kg) kwa masiku 7 otsatizana, kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi awo kuyerekezedwa ndi mbewa zabwinobwino komanso za mbewa za matenda ashuga osathandizidwa.(Yojambulidwa ndi/Wu Tingyao, gwero la data/Arch Pharm Res. 2012; 35(10):1793-801.J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Magwero

1. Xiao C, ndi al.Antidiabetic ntchito ya Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides F31 yotsika-regulated glucose regulatory enzymes mu mbewa za matenda ashuga.J Ethnopharmacol.2017 Jan 20; 196:47-57.

2. Xiao C, ndi ena.Zotsatira za Hypoglycemic za Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides mu mbewa zamtundu wa 2 shuga.Malingaliro a kampani Arch Pharm Res.2012 Oct;35(10):1793-801.

TSIRIZA

Za wolemba/ Mayi Wu Tingyao

Wu Tingyao wakhala akufotokoza zambiri za Ganoderma kuyambira 1999. Iye ndi mlembi wa bukuli.Kuchiza ndi Ganoderma(lofalitsidwa mu The People's Medical Publishing House mu April 2017).

★ Nkhaniyi yasindikizidwa pansi pa chilolezo cha wolemba.★ Ntchito zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingathe kupangidwanso, kuchotsedwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ina popanda chilolezo cha wolemba.★ Pakuphwanya mawu omwe ali pamwambawa, wolemba adzatsata maudindo oyenera azamalamulo.★ Zolemba zoyambirira za nkhaniyi zidalembedwa m'Chitchaina ndi Wu Tingyao ndikumasulira m'Chingerezi ndi Alfred Liu.Ngati pali kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa kumasulira (Chingerezi) ndi choyambirira (Chitchaina), Chitchaina choyambirira chidzapambana.Ngati owerenga ali ndi mafunso, lemberani wolemba woyamba, Mayi Wu Tingyao.