Ianuali 20, 2017 / Guangdong Institute of Microbiology and Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province / Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Text/ Wu Tingyao

Ua ʻike lōʻihi ʻia kēlāʻO Ganoderma lucidumHiki i nā polysaccharides ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, akā pehea ka hana ʻana he kumuhana ia e makemake ai nā ʻepekema e ʻike hou aku.

I ka makahiki 2012, ua hoʻopuka pū ʻo Guangdong Institute of Microbiology a me Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province i kahi hōʻike e hōʻike ana i nā polysaccharides kaumaha kiʻekiʻe (GLPs) i lawe ʻia mai ka wai wela.ʻO Ganoderma lucidumHe hopena hypoglycemic maikaʻi nā kino hua no ka maʻi diabetes type 2 (T2D).

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokaʻawale hou lākou i ʻehā polysaccharides mai nā GLPs, a ua lawe i ka F31 ʻoi aku ka ikaika (ke kaumaha molekala ma kahi o 15.9 kDa, nona ka 15.1% protein) no ka noiʻi hohonu, a ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻoponopono wale i ka glucose koko ma o nā ala he nui akā. mālama pū i ke akepaʻa.

LingzhiHiki i nā polysaccharides ke hōʻemi i ka hyperglycemia.

I loko o kahi hoʻokolohua holoholona he 6 pule, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo nā ʻiole maʻi diabetes type 2 (ʻO Ganoderma lucidumhui-kiʻekiʻe dose) hānai ʻia me 50 mg/kgʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO ka polysaccharides F31 i kēlā me kēia lā i hoʻohaʻahaʻa mau i ka pae glucose koko hoʻokē ʻai ma mua o nā ʻiole maʻi maʻi maʻi i mālama ʻole ʻia (hui mana), a he nui nā ʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā ʻiole maʻi diabetes (ʻO Ganoderma lucidumpūʻulu-haʻahaʻa dose) i ʻai pūʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 i kēlā lā i kēia lā akā ma kahi maʻa o 25 mg/kg wale nō ua emi iki ka hāʻule o ka glucose koko.Hōʻike kēia i kaʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO ka polysaccharides ka hopena o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka glucose i ke koko, akā e hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hopena e ka dosage (Figure 1).

Kii 1 Ka hopena oʻO Ganoderma lucidumi ka hoʻokē ʻai ʻana o ka glucose koko i nā ʻiole maʻi maʻi

[Wehewehe] ʻO ka lāʻau hypoglycemic i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka "Western Medicine Group" ʻo ia ka metformin (Loditon), i lawe waha ʻia ma ka 50 mg/kg i kēlā me kēia lā.ʻO ka ʻāpana glucose koko ma ke kiʻi he mmol/L.E puunaue i ka waiwai glucose koko me 0.0555 no ka loaa ana o ka mg/dL.ʻO ka pae glucose koko hoʻokēʻai maʻamau ma lalo o 5.6 mmol/L (ma kahi o 100 mg/dL), ʻoi aku ma mua o 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) he maʻi diabetes.(Kakau ʻia e/Wu Tingyao, kumu ʻikepili/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

ʻO Reishi mushroomʻO ka polysaccharides e hoʻemi i ka pōʻino o ka ate i ka maʻi diabetes.

Hiki ke loaʻa mai ka Figure 1 ʻoiaiʻO Ganoderma lucidumHiki i ka polysaccharides F31 ke hoʻoponopono i ka glucose koko, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona hopena i ka lāʻau lapaʻau komohana, a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻihoʻi i ke koko glucose i ka maʻamau.Eia naʻe,ʻO Ganoderma lucidumUa hoʻomaka ka polysaccharides e hana i kahi kuleana i ka pale ʻana i ke ake.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka Figure 2, i ka wā o ka hoʻokolohua, ke ʻano a me ka morphology o ka ʻiʻo ate o nā ʻiole diabetic i pale ʻia eʻO Ganoderma lucidumUa like ka polysaccharides F31 (50 mg/kg) me nā ʻiole maʻamau, a ua emi iho ka mumū.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā ʻiʻo ate o nā ʻiole maʻi maʻi i loaʻa ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ua hōʻino nui ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā kūlana o ka mumū a me ka necrosis.

Kiʻi 2 Hepatoprotective hopena oʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ma nā ʻiole maʻi maʻi

[Wehewehe] Hōʻike ka pua keʻokeʻo i kahi ʻeha a i ʻole necrotic lesion.(Source/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

ʻO ka pathogenesis o ka maʻi diabetes type 2

Nui nā haʻawina i hala i wehewehe i ke ʻano oʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO nā polysaccharides e hoʻoponopono ana i ka glucose koko mai ke ʻano o ka "pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻāpana pancreatic a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka huna ʻana o ka insulin."Hōʻike kēia haʻawina i kēlāʻO Ganoderma lucidumHiki i nā polysaccharides ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hyperglycemia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

Ma mua o ka hele ʻana i mua, pono mākou e ʻike mua i kekahi mau kī i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2.Ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana o ke kanaka me ka hana metabolic maʻamau, e huna ana kāna mau ʻāpana pancreatic islet i ka insulin, kahi e hoʻoulu ai i nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo a me nā momona momona e hana i "glucose transporter (GLUT4)" ma ka ʻili o ka cell e "lawe" i ka glucose i loko o ke koko i loko o nā pūnaewele.

No ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka glucose ke hele pololei i ka membrane cell, ʻaʻole hiki ke komo i nā cell me ke kōkua ʻole o GLUT4.ʻO ke kumu o ka maʻi maʻi type 2 ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā cell i ka insulin (ke kū'ē i ka insulin).ʻOiai inā hūnā pinepine ʻia ka insulin, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hana i ka GLUT4 lawa ma ka ʻili pūnaewele.

ʻOi aku ka hopena o kēia kūlana i ka poʻe momona, no ka mea, hoʻohui ka momona i kahi hormone peptide i kapa ʻia ʻo "resistin", ka mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka insulin i loko o nā pūpū momona.

No ka mea, ʻo ka glucose ke kumu ikehu o ka cell, i ka wā i nele ai nā cell i ka glucose, ma waho aʻe o ka makemake o ka poʻe e ʻai hou aʻe, e hoʻoikaika pū ia i ke ake e hana hou i ka glucose.

ʻElua ala e hana ai ke ake i ka glucose: ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka glycogen, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻohana i ka glucose i mālama mua ʻia i loko o ke ake;ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe e hana hou i ka glycogen, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻohuli i nā mea waiwai ʻole e like me ka protein a me ka momona i ka glucose.

ʻO kēia mau hopena ʻelua i ka poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka poʻe maʻamau.Ke emi nei ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka glucose e nā cell tissue i ka wā e piʻi mau ana ka nui o ka hana glucose, paʻakikī maoli ka hāʻule ʻana o ke koko.

ʻO Ganoderma lucidumHoʻemi ka polysaccharides i ka nui o ka glucose i hana ʻia e ke ake a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka glucose e nā cell.

ʻO Ganoderma lucidumhiki i ka polysaccharides F31 ke hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia i luna.Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻokolohua holoholona, ​​ua lawe ka poʻe noiʻi i ke ake o ka ʻiole a me ka momona epididymal (ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka momona o ke kino), nānā ʻia a hoʻohālikelike ʻia, a ʻike ʻia aia ka F31 i kēia ʻano hana (Figure 3):

1. E ho'ā i ka AMPK protein kinase i loko o ke ake, e ho'ēmi i ka hōʻike gene o kekahi mau enzymes i komo i ka glycogenolysis a i ʻole ka gluconeogenesis i loko o ke ake, e hoʻemi i ka hana glucose, a e hoʻomalu i ka glucose koko mai ke kumu.

2. E hoʻonui i ka helu o GLUT4 ma nā adipocytes a kāohi i ka huna ʻana o ka resistin mai adipocytes (e hana ana i kēia mau ʻokoʻa ʻelua kokoke loa i ke ʻano o nā ʻiole maʻamau), ma laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka naʻau o adipocytes i ka insulin a hoʻonui i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka glucose.

3. E ho'ēmi nui i ka hōʻikeʻana o nā enzymes nui e pili ana i ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka momona i loko o ke kiko adipose, a laila e ho'ēmi i ka nui o ka momona i ke kaumaha o ke kino a me ka ho'ēmiʻana i nā mea e pili ana i ka insulin resistance.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēlāʻO Ganoderma lucidumHiki i nā polysaccharides ke hoʻoponopono i ka glucose koko ma o ʻekolu mau ala, a ʻaʻohe pili o kēia mau ala me ka "hoʻoulu ʻana i ka huna ʻana o ka insulin", e hāʻawi ana i nā mea hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻi diabetes. 

Kiʻi 3 ʻO ka mīkini oʻO Ganoderma lucidumnā polysaccharides i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka glucose koko

[Wehewehe] ʻO ka epididymis he puʻupuʻu seminiferous lahilahi e like me ka wili e pili kokoke ana i ka piko o ka testicle, e hoʻopili ana i nā vas deferens a me nā testicles.Ma muli o ka pili pono ʻana o ka momona a puni ka epididymis me ka nui o ka momona o ke kino holoʻokoʻa (ʻoi aku ka momona visceral), lilo pinepine ia i ka helu nānā o ka hoʻokolohua.E pili ana pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka GP a me nā enzyme ʻē aʻe ma hopeʻO Ganoderma lucidumHo'ā ka polysaccharides i ka AMPK, pono e ho'ākāka hou ʻia, no laila ua hōʻike ʻia ka pilina ma waena o lāua e "?"ma ke kii.(Source／J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.）

ʻO ke ʻano hoʻokahiʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka polysaccharides.

ʻO nā hualoaʻa noiʻi i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei e hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi ʻike maikaʻi o "peheaʻO Ganoderma lucidumHe mea maikaʻi ka polysaccharides i ka maʻi diabetes type 2.Hoʻomanaʻo pū ia iā mākou ma ka pae mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau komohana a i ʻoleʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides, ʻaʻole paha e hoʻi hou ka glucose i ke koko i ka manawa hoʻokahi a i ʻole e loli i luna a i lalo no kekahi manawa e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke Kiʻi 1.

Mai hoka i keia manawa, no ka mea, i kou ai anaʻO Ganoderma lucidum, ua pale ʻia kou mau ʻōpū o loko.

Pono e ʻōlelo ʻia, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻatikala,ʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO nā polysaccharides F31 nā polysaccharides liʻiliʻi i "deconstructed" mai nā GLP.Ke hoʻohālikelike nei i kā lākou hopena hypoglycemic ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻokolohua like, e ʻike ʻoe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o nā GLP ma mua o ka F31 (Figure 4).

I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke ʻano hoʻokahiʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka polysaccharides, akā ʻo ka hopena holoʻokoʻa o nā ʻano ākeaʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻoi aku ka nui o ka polysaccharides.No ka mea, ʻo nā GLP nā polysaccharides i loaʻa maiʻO Ganoderma lucidume hoʻohua ana i nā kino ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai wela, ʻoiai ke ʻai ʻoe i nā huahana i loaʻaʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻAʻole ʻoe e poina i nā GLP. 

Kiʻi 4 Ka hopena o nā ʻano like ʻoleʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides ma ka hookeai koko koko 

[Wehewehe] Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻiole me ka maʻi maʻi type 2 (ka waiwai glucose koko hoʻokēʻai 12-13 mmol/L) i kēlā me kēia lā.ʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides F31 (50 mg/kg),ʻO Ganoderma lucidumcrude polysaccharides GLPs (50 mg/kg a i ʻole 100 mg/kg) no 7 mau lā, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ko lākou koko glucose kiʻekiʻe me nā ʻiole maʻamau a me nā ʻiole maʻi maʻi i mālama ʻole ʻia.(Kakau ʻia e/Wu Tingyao, kumu ʻikepili/Arch Pharm Res. 2012; 35(10):1793-801.J Ethnopharmacol. 2017; 196:47-57.)

Nā kumu

1. Xiao C, et al.ʻO ka hana antidiabetic o Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides F31 i lalo-regulated hepatic glucose regulatory enzymes i nāʻiole diabetic.J Ethnopharmacol.2017 Ian 20;196:47-57.

2. Xiao C, et al.Nā hopena hypoglycemic o Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides i nā ʻiole diabetic type 2.ʻO Arch Pharm Res.2012 ʻOkakopa;35(10):1793-801.

HOPE

No ka mea kākau/ Ms. Wu Tingyao

Ua hōʻike ʻo Wu Tingyao i ka ʻike Ganoderma lima mua mai 1999. ʻO ia ka mea kākau oHoola me Ganoderma(i paʻi ʻia ma The People's Medical Publishing House ma ʻApelila 2017).

★ Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma lalo o ka mana kūʻokoʻa o ka mea kākau.★ ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻi hou ʻia nā hana i luna, ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia e ka mea kākau.★ No ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ma luna, e ʻimi ka mea kākau i nā kuleana pili kānāwai.★ Ua kākau ʻia ka kikokikona kumu o kēia ʻatikala ma ka ʻōlelo Pākē e Wu Tingyao a unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania e Alfred Liu.Inā loaʻa kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka unuhi (English) a me ka unuhi mua (Pake), e lanakila ka Pākē mua.Inā he nīnau ka poʻe heluhelu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Ms. Wu Tingyao.