Juni 15, 2018 / Gyeongsang National University, South Korea / Journal of Clinical Medicine

Umbhalo/ Wu Tingyao

IGyeongsang National University School of Medicine eSouth Korea ishicilele iphepha kuJournal of Clinical Medicine ngoJuni 2018 esho ukuthiI-Ganoderma lucidumkunganciphisa ukunqwabelana kwamafutha esibindi okubangelwa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, kodwa ukuhlola kwezilwane okuhlobene nakho kwathola ukuthi amagundane akhuluphaliswe ukudla okunamafutha amaningi nawo ayoba nezinkinga ezincane zeglucose yegazi kanye ne-lipid lipid ngenxa yokungenelelaI-Ganoderma lucidum.

Amagundane okuhlola ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane: ukudla okujwayelekile (ND), ukudla okuvamile (ND) +I-Ganoderma lucidum(GL), ukudla okunamafutha aphezulu (HFD), ukudla okunamafutha amaningi (HFD) +I-Ganoderma lucidum(GL).Ekuphakeleni kweqembu elivamile lokudla, amafutha abalelwa ku-6% wengqikithi yamakholori;ekudleni kokudla okunamafutha aphezulu, amafutha abalelwa ku-45% wengqikithi yamakholori, okwakuyizikhathi ezingu-7.5 zangaphambili.II-Ganoderma lucidumokuphakelwa amagundane empeleni i-ethanol ekhishwe emzimbeni othelayo weI-Ganoderma lucidum.Abacwaningi baphakele amagundane ngethamo lika-50 mg/kgI-Ganoderma lucidumukukhishwa kwe-ethanol ngosuku izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto.

Ngemva kwamasonto ayishumi nesithupha (izinyanga ezine) zokuhlola, kwatholakala ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha amaningi isikhathi eside kungaphinda kabili isisindo samagundane.Noma bedlaI-Ganoderma lucidum, kunzima ukuvimba ukuthambekela kokuzuza isisindo (Umfanekiso 1).

Nokho, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokudla okunamafutha amaningi, nakuba amagundane adlayoI-Ganoderma lucidumnamagundane angadliI-Ganoderma lucidumbabonakala benamazinga afanayo okukhuluphala, isimo sabo sempilo sizohluka kakhulu ngenxa yokudla noma ukungadliI-Ganoderma lucidum.

Umfanekiso 1　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumkusisindo somzimba samagundane afunzwa i-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumkunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwamafutha e-visceral kumagundane e-HFD-Fed.

Umfanekiso wesi-2 uwumdwebo wezibalo wokubukeka nesisindo sesibindi, amafutha e-perirenal namafutha e-epididymal weqembu ngalinye lamagundane ekupheleni kokuhlolwa.

Isibindi siyisitshalo sokucubungula izakhi emzimbeni.Zonke izakhamzimba ezimuncwa emathunjini zizobola, zihlanganiswe futhi zicutshungulwe isibindi zibe uhlobo olusetshenziswa amaseli, bese lusatshalaliswa yonke indawo ngokujikeleza kwegazi.Uma sekugcwele ngokweqile, isibindi sizoguqula ama-calories adlulele abe ngamafutha (triglycerides) futhi siwagcinele izimo eziphuthumayo.

Lapho kugcinwa amafutha amaningi, isibindi siba sikhulu futhi sisinda.Yiqiniso, amafutha amaningi azophinde anqwabelene eduze kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi, futhi amafutha e-perirenal namafutha e-epididymal amelela ukuqoqwa kwamafutha e-visceral okubonwa ekuhlolweni kwezilwane.

Kungabonakala kuMfanekiso 2 ukuthiI-Ganoderma lucidumkunganciphisa kakhulu ukuqoqwa kwamafutha esibindini nakwezinye izitho zangaphakathi ezibangelwa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi.

Umfanekiso 2　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumkumafutha e-visceral kumagundane e-HFD-Fed

I-Ganoderma lucidumkunciphisa isibindi esinamafutha kumagundane e-HFD-Fed.

Abacwaningi baphinde bahlaziya okuqukethwe kwamafutha esibindini samagundane: izingxenye zezicubu zesibindi zegundane eqenjini ngalinye zazingcoliswe udayi okhethekile, futhi amaconsi kawoyela emathisini esibindi azohlangana nedayi futhi abomvu.Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 3, okuqukethwe kwamafutha esibindi kwakuhluke kakhulu ekudleni okufanayo okunamafutha aphezulu noma ngaphandle kokwengezwaI-Ganoderma lucidum.

Amafutha ezicubu zesibindi zamagundane eqenjini ngalinye alinganiswa kuMfanekiso 4, futhi kwakungabonakala ukuthi isibindi esinamafutha eqenjini lokudla okunamafutha aphezulu sifinyelele ebangeni lesi-3 (okuqukethwe kwamafutha kwakungaphezu kuka-66% wesisindo sesibindi sonke. , okubonisa isibindi esinamafutha anzima).Ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuqukethwe kwamafutha esibindini samagundane adla i-HFDI-Ganoderma lucidumyehliswe ngesigamu.

Umfanekiso 3　Imiphumela yokungcolisa amafutha ezingxenyeni zezicubu zesibindi segundane

Umfanekiso 4　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumekuqongeleleni kwamafutha esibindi kumagundane afunzwa nge-HFD

[Incazelo] Ubunzima besibindi esinamafutha bahlukaniswa ngamabanga 0, 1, 2, no-3 ngokuya ngenani lesisindo samafutha esisindweni sesibindi: ngaphansi kuka-5%, 5-33%, ngaphezu kuka-33% -66% futhi ngaphezu kwama-66%, ngokulandelana.Ukubaluleka komtholampilo kwakumelela isibindi esinamafutha esivamile, esithambile, esimaphakathi nesinzima.

I-Ganoderma lucidumivimbela isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo kumagundane afunzwa i-HFD.

Ukuqoqwa kwamafutha amaningi kuzokwandisa ama-radicals mahhala esibindi, okwenza amangqamuzana esibindi athambekele ekuvuvukeni ngenxa yokulimala kwe-oxidative, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kwesibindi.Nokho, akuzona zonke izibindi ezinamafutha ezizodlulela ezingeni lokusha kwesibindi.Uma nje amangqamuzana esibindi engonakalisiwe ngokweqile, angagcinwa “ekuqoqweni kwamafutha alula” okungenangozi.

Kungabonakala ku-Figure 5 ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha aphezulu kungenza i-serum ALT (GPT) kabili (i-GPT), inkomba ebaluleke kakhulu ye-hepatitis, kusukela ezingeni elivamile le-40 U / L;Nokho, umaI-Ganoderma lucidumkuthathwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, amathuba okuba ne-hepatitis ayancipha kakhulu.Ngokusobala,I-Ganoderma luciduminomphumela ovikelayo kumaseli esibindi afakwe emafutheni.

Umfanekiso 5 Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumkuzinkomba ze-hepatitis kumagundane afunzwa nge-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumikhulula izinkinga ze-lipid yegazi kumagundane afunzwa nge-HFD.

Lapho isibindi sihlanganisa amafutha amaningi, ama-lipids egazi nawo ajwayele ukuba nokungajwayelekile.Lokhu kuhlolwa kwezilwane eSouth Korea kwathola ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha amaningi izinyanga ezine kungakhuphula i-cholesterol, kodwaI-Ganoderma lucidumkunganciphisa ubunzima benkinga (Umfanekiso 6).

Umfanekiso 6　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumku-serum isamba se-cholesterol kumagundane afunzwa nge-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumivimbela ukukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi kumagundane afunzwa i-HFD.

Ukuhlola kuphinde kwathola ukuthi ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kungabangela ukukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi.Nokho, umaI-Ganoderma lucidumkuthathwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga le-glucose yegazi ngokusobala lingalawulwa ngokunyuka okuncane (Umfanekiso 7).

Umfanekiso 7　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumkushukela wegazi kumagundane afunzwa i-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumithuthukisa ikhono lomzimba wamagundane afunzwa i-HFD ukulawula ushukela wegazi.

Abacwaningi baphinde benza ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose kumagundane phakathi nesonto leshumi nane lokuhlolwa, okungukuthi, esimweni sokuzila ukudla ngemva kwamahora angu-16 wokuzila ukudla, amagundane ajovwa ngenani eliphezulu le-glucose, futhi ukuguqulwa kweglucose yegazi phakathi kwamabili. amahora abonwa.Uma kuncane ukuguquguquka kwezinga likashukela egazini, kuba ngcono ikhono lomzimba wegundane lokulawula ushukela wegazi.

Kutholakale ukuthi ukuguquguquka kwamazinga eglucose egazini leqembu le-HFD + GL kwakungaphansi kwalokho kweqembu le-HFD (Umfanekiso 8).Lokhu kusho ukuthiI-Ganoderma luciduminomphumela wokuthuthukisa ukulawulwa kweglucose egazini okubangelwa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi.

Umfanekiso 8　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumekubekezeleleni kweglucose kumagundane afunzwa i-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumkuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-insulin kumagundane afunzwa yi-HFD.

Abacwaningi baphinde benza ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-insulin kumagundane: Evikini leshumi nane lokuhlolwa, amagundane okuzila ukudla ajovwe nge-insulin, futhi izinguquko kumazinga e-glucose yegazi zasetshenziselwa ukunquma ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana amagundane ku-insulin.

I-insulin iyi-hormone, edlala indima yokhiye, ivumela i-glucose ekudleni kwethu ukuba ingene kumangqamuzana omzimba isuka egazini ukuze ikhiqize amandla.Ezimweni ezijwayelekile, ngemuva komjovo we-insulin, izinga likashukela wegazi lokuqala liyokwehla ngezinga elithile.Ngoba ushukela wegazi owengeziwe uzongena kumaseli ngosizo lwe-insulin, izinga likashukela egazini lizokwehla ngokwemvelo.

Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yocwaningo ithole ukuthi ukudla isikhathi eside okunamafutha amaningi kungenza amangqamuzana angabi nazwelo ku-insulin ukuze izinga likashukela wegazi lihlale liphezulu ngemva kokujova i-insulin, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukushintshashintsha kweglucose egazini kumagundane afunzwa i-HFD. ababedlaI-Ganoderma lucidumyayifana naleyo kumagundane afunzwe yi-ND (Umfanekiso 9).Kusobala ukuthiI-Ganoderma luciduminomphumela wokuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-insulin.

Umfanekiso 9　Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumekumelaneni ne-insulin kumagundane afunzwa i-HFD

Indlela yeI-Ganoderma lucidumekunciphiseni amafutha esibindi

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungabangela ukumelana ne-insulin, futhi ukumelana ne-insulin akubangeli i-hyperglycemia kuphela kodwa futhi kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu esiholela esibindini esinamafutha angenawo uphuzo oludakayo.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukumelana ne-insulin kuncipha ngoI-Ganoderma lucidum, isibindi ngokwemvelo asijwayele ukunqwabelana kwamafutha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi baphinde baqinisekisa ukuthi i-ethanol ekhishweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-fruiting body esetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwezilwane ayikwazi nje ukulawula ngokuqondile ukusebenza kwamanye ama-enzyme abandakanyeka ku-lipid metabolism esibindini kodwa futhi ivimbela ngokuqondile ukuhlanganiswa kwamafutha ngamaseli esibindi, futhi umphumela ulingana nomthamo we-lipid metabolism.I-Ganoderma lucidum.Okubaluleke nakakhulu, ngemva kwalezi zilinganiso ezisebenzayo zeI-Ganoderma lucidumzakhuliswa ngamaseli esibindi somuntu amahora angu-24, amaseli ayesaphila futhi ephilile.

I-Ganoderma luciduminemiphumela yokwehlisa ushukela wegazi, ukwehlisa amafutha nokuvikela isibindi.

Imiphumela yocwaningo eshiwo ngenhla ayigcini nje ngokusitshela ukuthi ukukhishwa kotshwala kweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-fruiting body inganciphisa izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, nesibindi esinamafutha okubangelwa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi kodwa futhi kusikhumbuze ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthola isibindi esinamafutha ngaphandle kokuphuza utshwala.

Kwezokwelapha, isibindi esinamafutha esibangelwa izici ezingezona utshwala sibizwa ngokuthi "isibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala."Nakuba zikhona ezinye izici ezingenzeka (njengezidakamizwa), imikhuba yokudla kanye nendlela yokuphila kuseyizimbangela ezivame kakhulu.Cabanga ukuthi i-foie gras, ethandwa kakhulu abantu abaminzi, yenziwa kanjani?Kuyafana nakubantu!

Ngokwezibalo, cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabantu abadala balula (okungukuthi, azikho izimpawu zesifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo) isibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala, futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yabo izothuthuka ibe yisifo sokusha kwesibindi kokuqina phakathi neminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu.Kukhona nemibiko yokuthi isibindi esinamafutha angewona uphuzo oludakayo sesiyimbangela eyinhloko yenkomba ye-ALT engavamile e-Taiwan (33.6%), idlula kude igciwane le-hepatitis B (28.5%) kanye negciwane le-hepatitis C (13.2%).(Bheka inkomba 2 ukuze uthole imininingwane)

Okuxakayo ukuthi njengoba izikhungo zezempilo emhlabeni wonke ziqhubeka nokulwa nokusha kwesibindi kohlobo lwegciwane ngemithi yokugoma nezidakamizwa, ukwanda kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha esibangelwa ukudla kahle noma ukuphuza ngokweqile kuyanda.

Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha (i-steatosis) senzeka lapho amafutha esibindi efika noma edlula u-5% wesisindo sesibindi.Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha kufanele kuncike ku-ultrasound yesisu noma i-computed tomography (CT).Uma ungazange ube nomkhuba wokuhlola impilo, ungahlulela futhi ukuthi unesifo sesibindi esinamafutha kusukela ekutheni une-syndromes ye-metabolic efana nokukhuluphala okulinganiselwe, i-hyperglycemia (uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2) kanye ne-hyperlipidemia ngoba lezi zimpawu noma izifo zivame ukwenzeka kanye isifo sesibindi esinamafutha e-non-alcoholic (NAFLD).

Ukuthi nje azikho izidakamizwa eziqondile zesifo sesibindi esinamafutha.Yingakho, ngemva kokuxilongwa kwesibindi esinamafutha, udokotela angakunikeza kuphela ukudla okulula, ukuvivinya umzimba nokulahlekelwa isisindo kunokwelashwa okusebenzayo.Nokho, akulula ukushintsha indlela odla ngayo nendlela yokuphila.Iningi labantu linamathele obishini “lokuhluleka ukulawula ukudla nokwandisa umsebenzi womzimba” noma emzabalazweni “wokuhluleka ukuqeda isibindi esinamafutha ngisho nangokulawula ukudla nokwandisa umsebenzi womzimba”.

Yini okufanele siyenze emhlabeni?Ngemva kokufunda imiphumela yocwaningo lwaseGyeongsang National University eSouth Korea, siyazi ukuthi kunesinye isikhali somlingo, okungukuthi, ukudla i-ethanol ekhishwe.I-Ganoderma lucidumumzimba fruiting.

I-Ganoderma lucidum, enemisebenzi yokuvikela isibindi, ukwehlisa ushukela egazini, nokwehlisa amafutha, kubiza ngempela;nakuba kusengeke kukwenze wehlise isisindo, okungenani kungakwenza ube nempilo enhle ngisho noma ukhuluphele.

[Umthombo]

Jung S, et al. I-Ganoderma lucidumithuthukisa i-steatosis engeyona utshwala ngokulawula ama-enzyme agaya amandla esibindi.J Clin Med.2018 Jun 15;7(6).ibe: E152.doi: 10.3390/jcm7060152.

[Ukufunda Ngokuqhubekayo]

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ekuqaleni kuka-2017, umbiko "Umsebenzi we-Antidiabetic ofI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides F31 elawula phansi ama-enzyme alawula ushukela wesibindi kumagundane anesifo sikashukela” yanyatheliswa ngokuhlanganyela yi-Guangdong Institute of Microbiology kanye ne-Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Ngokusekelwe kumodeli yezilwane zohlobo 2 sikashukela, ihlola indlela yokulawulaI-Ganoderma lucidumama-polysaccharides asebenzayo we-fruiting ku-glucose yegazi kanye nokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-hepatitis ebangelwa isifo sikashukela.Indlela yayo yokusebenza nayo ihlobene nokulawulwa kwama-enzyme abandakanyeka kumetabolism yamandla esibindini kanye nokwenza ngcono ukumelana ne-insulin.Yona kanye nalo mbiko waseNingizimu Korea kufika esiphethweni esifanayo ngezindlela ezahlukene.Abangane abanentshisekelo bangabhekisa kulo mbiko.

Izinto eziyisethenjwa mayelana nesibindi esinamafutha angenaso utshwala

1. U-Teng-cing Huang et al.Isibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala.Imithi Yomndeni kanye Nokunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Okuyisisekelo, 2015;30 (11): 314-319.

2. I-Ching-feng Su et al.Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala.2015;30 (11) : 255-260.

3. Ying-tao Wu et al.Isingeniso sokwelashwa kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala.Ijenali Yezemithi, 2018;34 (2) : 27-32.

4. U-Huei-wun Liang: Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha singahlehliswa bese sithi sala kahle esibindini esinamafutha!Isizindalwazi se-Liver Disease Prevention & Treatment Research Foundation.

PHELA

Mayelana nombhali/ Nks. Wu Tingyao
UWu Tingyao ubelokhu ebika ngolwazi lwe-Ganoderma lokuqala kusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali wencwadiUkwelapha nge-Ganoderma(ishicilelwe ku-People's Medical Publishing House ngo-Ephreli 2017).
 
★ Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ngaphansi kokugunyazwa okukhethekile kombhali.★ Le misebenzi engenhla ayinakuphinda ikhiqizwe, ikhishwe noma isetshenziswe ngezinye izindlela ngaphandle kwemvume yombhali.★ Ngokuphulwa kwesitatimende esingenhla, umbhali uzolandela izibopho ezingokomthetho ezifanele.★ Umbhalo wokuqala walesi sihloko ubhalwe ngesiShayina nguWu Tingyao futhi wahunyushelwa esiNgisini ngu-Alfred Liu.Uma kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhumusha (isiNgisi) kanye nokwangempela (isiShayina), isiShayina sangempela siyonqoba.Uma abafundi benemibuzo, sicela uthinte umbhali wokuqala, uNksz. Wu Tingyao.