NgoJuni 15, i-2018 / iYunivesithi yeSizwe yaseGyeongsang, eMzantsi Korea / Journal of Clinical Medicine

Umbhalo/ Wu Tingyao

IGyeongsang National University School of Medicine eMzantsi Korea yapapasha iphepha kwiJournal of Clinical Medicine ngoJuni 2018 ichaza ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumkunokunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha esibindi okubangelwa kukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, kodwa iimvavanyo zezilwanyana ezinxulumene nazo zikwafumanise ukuba iimpuku ezityetyisiweyo kukutya okunamafutha kakhulu nazo ziya kuba neswekile yegazi ephantsi kakhulu kunye neengxaki zelipid yegazi ngenxa yongenelelo.I-Ganoderma lucidum.

Iigundane zokulinga zahlulahlulwe zangamaqela amane: ukutya okuqhelekileyo (ND), ukutya okuqhelekileyo (ND) +I-Ganoderma lucidum(GL), ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu (HFD), ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu (HFD) +I-Ganoderma lucidum(GL).Kwisondlo seqela eliqhelekileyo lokutya, amanqatha ayebalelwa kwi-6% yeekhalori ezipheleleyo;kwisondlo sokutya okunamafutha aphezulu, amanqatha ayebalelwa kwi-45% yeekhalori ezipheleleyo, ezaziyi-7.5 amaxesha angaphambili.II-Ganoderma lucidumkondliwa kwiimpuku ngenene yi-ethanol isicatshulwa somzimba weziqhamoI-Ganoderma lucidum.Abaphandi bondla iigundane kwi-dose ye-50 mg / kgI-Ganoderma lucidumisicatshulwa se-ethanol ngosuku iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.

Emva kweeveki ezilishumi elinesithandathu (iinyanga ezine) zovavanyo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu ixesha elide kunokuphinda kabini ubunzima beempuku.Nokuba bayatyaI-Ganoderma lucidum, kunzima ukuvimba ukuthambekela kokufumana ubunzima (Umfanekiso 1).

Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kwesiseko sokutya okunamafutha aphezulu, nangona iimpuku ezidlayoI-Ganoderma lucidumneempuku ezingatyiyoI-Ganoderma lucidumbabonakala benamanqanaba afanayo okutyeba, imeko yabo yempilo iya kwahluka kakhulu ngenxa yokutya okanye ukungatyiI-Ganoderma lucidum.

Umfanekiso woku-1　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkubunzima bomzimba weempuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumkunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha e-visceral kwiimpuku ze-HFD-Fed.

Umzobo we-2 ngumzobo wezibalo wokubonakala kunye nobunzima besibindi, i-perirenal fat kunye ne-epididymal fat yeqela ngalinye leegundane ekupheleni kovavanyo.

Isibindi sisityalo sokulungisa izondlo emzimbeni.Zonke izondlo ezithathwe emathunjini ziya kuchithwa, zidityaniswe kwaye zicutshungulwe sisibindi zibe yifomu enokusetyenziswa ngamaseli, kwaye emva koko isasazwe kuyo yonke indawo ngokujikeleza kwegazi.Xa kukho ukugqithiswa, isibindi siya kuguqula iikhalori ezigqithisileyo zibe ngamanqatha (i-triglycerides) kwaye siyigcine ngexesha likaxakeka.

Amafutha amaninzi agcinwayo, isibindi siba sikhulu kwaye sinzima.Ewe kunjalo, amanqatha angaphezulu nawo aya kuqokelelana ajikeleze amanye amalungu angaphakathi, kwaye amanqatha e-perirenal kunye namafutha e-epididymal abameli be-visceral fat accumulation ebonwa kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana.

Inokubonwa kuMfanekiso 2 ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumkunokunciphisa kakhulu ukuqokelela kwamafutha esibindini nakwezinye izitho zangaphakathi ezibangelwa kukutya okunamafutha amaninzi.

Umfanekiso wesi-2　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkumafutha e-visceral kwiimpuku ze-HFD-Fed

I-Ganoderma lucidumkunciphisa isibindi esinamafutha kwiimpuku ze-HFD-Fed.

Abaphandi bahlalutya ngakumbi umxholo we-fat kwisibindi seegundane: amacandelo ezicubu zesibindi zeegundane kwiqela ngalinye ahlanjululwe ngedayi ekhethekileyo, kwaye i-droplets yeoli kwi-tissue yesibindi yayiza kudibanisa kunye nedayi kwaye ibe bomvu.Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Figure 3, umxholo we-fat esibindi wawuhluke kakhulu kwi-fat high-fat diet kunye okanye ngaphandle kokongezwa.I-Ganoderma lucidum.

Amanqatha kwizicubu zesibindi zeegundane kwiqela ngalinye afakwe kwi-Figure 4, kwaye kunokubonwa ukuba isibindi esinamafutha kwiqela le-fat-fat-fat yafikelela kwibanga lesi-3 (umxholo we-fat wawungaphezulu kwe-66% yobunzima besibindi sonke. , ebonisa isibindi esinamafutha anzima).Kwangaxeshanye, isiqulatho samafutha esibindini seempuku ezondliwe yi-HFD ezityileyoI-Ganoderma lucidumyancitshiswa ngesiqingatha.

Umfanekiso wesi-3　Iziphumo zokungcola kwamafutha kumacandelo ezicubu zesibindi sempuku

Umzobo 4　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumekuqokeleleni kwamafutha esibindi kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

[Inkcazo] Ubunzima besibindi esinamafutha bahlelwa ngamabakala 0, 1, 2, kunye ne-3 ngokomlinganiselo wobunzima bamanqatha kubunzima besibindi: ngaphantsi kwe-5%, 5-33%, ngaphezu kwe-33% -66% kunye ngaphezulu kwama-66%, ngokulandelelanayo.Ukubaluleka kwekliniki kwakumela isibindi esinamafutha esiqhelekileyo, esincinci, esiphakathi kunye nesinzima.

I-Ganoderma lucidumikhusela i-hepatitis kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD.

Ukuqokelela kwamafutha amaninzi kuya kwandisa i-radicals yamahhala kwisibindi, okwenza iiseli zesibindi zikwazi ukuvutha ngenxa yomonakalo we-oxidative, ngaloo ndlela uchaphazela ukusebenza kwesibindi.Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke izibindi ezinamafutha ziya kuqhubela phambili ukuya kwinqanaba le-hepatitis.Logama nje iiseli zesibindi zingonakaliswanga ngokugqithisileyo, zinokugcinwa “kwindawo yokuqokelelwa kwamafutha” engeyongozi.

Inokubonwa kwi-Figure 5 ukuba ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu kunokuphinda kabini i-serum ALT (GPT), isalathisi esibaluleke kakhulu se-hepatitis, ukusuka kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo malunga ne-40 U / L;nangona kunjalo, ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumkuthathwa ngaxeshanye, amathuba okuba i-hepatitis iyancipha kakhulu.Ngokucacileyo,I-Ganoderma luciduminefuthe elikhuselayo kwiiseli zesibindi ezifakwe kumafutha.

Umzobo 5 Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkwizalathisi ze-hepatitis kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumikhulula iingxaki ze-lipid yegazi kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD.

Xa isibindi sidibanisa amanqatha amaninzi, iilipids zegazi nazo ziqhelekile kwizinto ezingaqhelekanga.Olu vavanyo lwezilwanyana eMzantsi Korea lufumene ukuba ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu kwiinyanga ezine kunokunyusa i-cholesterol, kodwaI-Ganoderma luciduminokunciphisa ubunzima bengxaki (Umfanekiso 6).

Umfanekiso wesi-6　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkwi-serum ye-cholesterol epheleleyo kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

I-Ganoderma luciduminqanda ukunyuka kweswekile yegazi kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD.

Iimvavanyo zikwafumanise ukuba ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu kunokubangela ukunyuka kweglucose yegazi.Nangona kunjalo, ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumkuthathwa ngexesha elifanayo, izinga le-glucose yegazi lingalawulwa ngokucacileyo ngokunyuka okuncinci (Umfanekiso 7).

Umzobo 7　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkwiglucose yegazi kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumkuphucula amandla omzimba weempuku ezondliwe yi-HFD ukulawula iswekile yegazi.

Abaphandi baye benza uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-glucose kwiigundane ngeveki yeshumi elinesine yovavanyo, oko kukuthi, kwimeko yokuzila ukutya emva kweeyure ze-16 zokuzila ukutya, iigundane zajojowe ngexabiso eliphezulu le-glucose, kunye noshintsho lwegazi lwe-glucose phakathi ezimbini. iiyure zabonwa.Okukhona kuncinci ukuguquguquka kwenqanaba leswekile yegazi, kokukhona amandla omzimba wempuku angcono ukulawula iswekile yegazi.

Kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukuguquguquka kwamanqanaba eglucose yegazi kwiqela le-HFD + GL laliphantsi kuneqela le-HFD (Umfanekiso 8).Oku kuthetha ukubaI-Ganoderma luciduminefuthe lokuphucula ukulawulwa kweglucose yegazi okubangelwa kukutya okunamafutha aphezulu.

Umzobo 8　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumkwi-glucose ukunyamezela kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

I-Ganoderma lucidumkuphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-insulin kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD.

Abaphandi baphinda benza uvavanyo lokunyamezela i-insulin kwiigundane: Kwiveki yeshumi elinesine yovavanyo, iigundane zokuzila ukutya zajojowe nge-insulin, kwaye utshintsho kumanqanaba e-glucose yegazi lusetyenziselwa ukucacisa ukuvakalelwa kweeseli zeegundane kwi-insulin.

I-insulin yincindi yedlala, edlala indima ephambili, evumela iswekile ekutyeni kwethu ukuba ingene kwiiseli zomzimba isuka kumsinga wegazi ukuze ivelise amandla.Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, emva kwesitofu se-insulin, inqanaba le-glucose yokuqala liya kuhla ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.Ngenxa yokuba i-glucose eninzi yegazi iya kungena kwiiseli ngoncedo lwe-insulin, inqanaba leshukela legazi liya kuncipha ngokwendalo.

Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zovavanyo zifumanise ukuba ukutya okunamafutha aphezulu ixesha elide kuya kwenza ukuba iiseli zingabi naluvelwano kwi-insulin ukuze inqanaba leswekile yegazi lihlale liphezulu emva kokutofwa kwe-insulin, kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ukuguquguquka kweglucose yegazi kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD. etyileyoI-Ganoderma lucidumyayifana naleyo kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-ND (Umfanekiso 9).Kucacile ukubaI-Ganoderma luciduminefuthe lokuphucula ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin.

Umzobo 9　Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumekuxhathiseni i-insulin kwiimpuku ezondliwe yi-HFD

Inkqubo yeI-Ganoderma lucidumekunciphiseni isibindi esinamafutha

Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokubangela ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin, kwaye ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin akubangeli i-hyperglycemia kuphela kodwa yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekhokelela kwisibindi esinamafutha angenawo utywala.Ke ngoko, xa ukuxhathisa kwe-insulin kuncitshiswa ngoI-Ganoderma lucidum, isibindi ngokwendalo asithandeki kakhulu ekuqokeleleni kwamafutha.

Ukongeza, abaphandi baye baqinisekisa ukuba isicatshulwa se-ethanol seI-Ganoderma lucidumUmzimba ovelisa iziqhamo osetyenziswa kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana awunakulawula ngokuthe ngqo kuphela umsebenzi wezinye ii-enzymes ezibandakanyekayo kwi-lipid metabolism esibindini kodwa ikwanqanda ngokuthe ngqo ukudityaniswa kwamafutha ziiseli zesibindi, kwaye isiphumo sihambelana nedosi.I-Ganoderma lucidum.Okubaluleke ngakumbi, emva kwala mayeza asebenzayoI-Ganoderma lucidumzakhuliswa ngeeseli zesibindi somntu iiyure ezingama-24, iiseli zazisaphila kwaye ziphilile.

I-Ganoderma lucidumineempembelelo zokunciphisa i-glucose yegazi, ukunciphisa amafutha kunye nokukhusela isibindi.

Iziphumo zophando ezikhankanywe ngasentla azisixeleli kuphela ukuba isicatshulwa sotywala seI-Ganoderma lucidumumzimba ovelisa iziqhamo unokunciphisa iimpawu ze-hyperglycemia, i-hyperlipidemia, kunye nesibindi esinamafutha esibangelwa kukutya okunamafutha amaninzi kodwa usikhumbuza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukufumana isibindi esinamafutha ngaphandle kokusela utywala.

Kwezamayeza, isibindi esinamafutha esibangelwa zizinto ezingezizo utywala zibizwa ngokuba "yisibindi esinamafutha angenatywala."Nangona kukho ezinye izinto ezinokubakho (ezifana neziyobisi), imikhwa yokutya kunye nendlela yokuphila iseyeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.Cinga ngendlela i-foie gras, ethandwa kakhulu ngamadla-kudla, eyenziwa?Kuyafana ke nakubantu!

Ngokwezibalo, phantse isinye kwisithathu sabantu abadala silula (oko kukuthi, akukho zimpawu ze-hepatitis) isibindi esinamafutha angenatywala, kwaye malunga nekota enye iya kukhula ibe yi-hepatitis enamafutha kwisithuba seminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu.Kukho neengxelo zokuba isibindi esinamafutha angenatywala siye saba ngoyena nobangela wesalathiso se-ALT esingaqhelekanga eTaiwan (33.6%), sidlula lee intsholongwane ye-hepatitis B (28.5%) kunye nentsholongwane ye-hepatitis C (13.2%).(Jonga ireferensi 2 ngeenkcukacha)

Okumangalisayo kukuba, njengoko ii-arhente zezempilo zehlabathi ziqhubeka nokulwa ne-viral hepatitis ngezitofu kunye neziyobisi, ukuxhaphaka kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha esibangelwa kukutya kakuhle okanye ukusela kakhulu kuyanda.

Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha (i-steatosis) senzeka xa amanqatha esibindi efikelela okanye engaphezulu kwe-5% yobunzima besibindi.Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha kufuneka kuxhomekeke kwi-ultrasound yesisu okanye kwi-computed tomography (CT).Ukuba awuzange uhlakulele umkhwa wokwenza uvavanyo lwempilo, unokugweba nokuba unesifo sesibindi esinamafutha ukusuka ekubeni une-syndromes ye-metabolic efana nokutyeba okuphakathi, i-hyperglycemia (uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile) kunye ne-hyperlipidemia ngenxa yokuba ezi mpawu okanye izifo zihlala zenzeka kunye isifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenatywala (NAFLD).

Kuphela nje akukho machiza athile esifo sesibindi esinamafutha.Yingakho, emva kokuxilongwa kwesibindi esinamafutha, ugqirha unokukumisela kuphela ukutya okulula, ukuzivocavoca kunye nokunciphisa umzimba kunonyango olusebenzayo.Noko ke, akulula ukutshintsha indlela otya ngayo nendlela yokuphila.Uninzi lwabantu lubambekile mhlawumbi kwi-quagmire "yokusilela ukulawula ukutya kunye nokwandisa umsebenzi womzimba" okanye kumzabalazo "wokungaphumeleli ukulahla isibindi esinamafutha ngokulawula ukutya kunye nokwandisa umsebenzi womzimba".

Yintoni esifanele siyenze emhlabeni?Emva kokufunda iziphumo zophando lweYunivesithi yeSizwe yaseGyeongsang eMzantsi Korea, siyazi ukuba kukho esinye isixhobo somlingo, oko kukuthi, ukutya isicatshulwa se-ethanol.I-Ganoderma lucidumumzimba oneziqhamo.

I-Ganoderma lucidum, enemisebenzi yokukhusela isibindi, ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi, kunye nokunciphisa amanqatha, ngokwenene kuyindleko;nangona isengenakukwenza ukuba unciphise umzimba, inokukwenza ube sempilweni nokuba utyebe kakhulu.

[Umthombo]

Jung S, et al. I-Ganoderma lucidumiphucula i-steatosis engeyiyo utywala ngokunyusa amandla e-metabolizing enzymes esibindini.J Clin Med.2018 Jun 15;7(6).ipii: E152.doi: 10.3390/jcm7060152.

[Ufundo Olungakumbi]

Ngokuzenzekelayo, ekuqaleni kwe-2017, ingxelo "Umsebenzi we-AntidiabeticI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides F31 ephantsi-elawula i-enzymes yokulawula i-glucose ye-hepatic kwiimpuku ezinesifo seswekile” yapapashwa ngokudibeneyo yi-Guangdong Institute of Microbiology kunye ne-Guangdong Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention.Ngokusekelwe kwimodeli yezilwanyana zohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, ihlola indlela yokulawulaI-Ganoderma lucidumiziqhamo umzimba polysaccharides esebenzayo phezu iswekile yegazi kunye nothintelo kunye nonyango hepatitis ebangelwa seswekile.Indlela yokusebenza kwayo ihambelana nokulawulwa kwee-enzymes ezibandakanyekayo kwi-metabolism yamandla kwisibindi kunye nokuphuculwa kokuxhatshazwa kwe-insulin.Yona kunye nale ngxelo yaseMzantsi Korea ifika kwisiphelo esifanayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.Abahlobo abanomdla banokubhekisa kule ngxelo.

Izixhobo ezibhekiselele malunga nesibindi esinamafutha angenalo utywala

1. UTeng-cing Huang et al.Isibindi esinamafutha angenatywala.Unyango lweNtsapho kunye noNyango lwezoNyango oluPhambili, ngo-2015;30 (11): 314-319.

2. Ching-feng Su okqhubekayo.Ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyangwa kwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenatywala.2015;30 (11) : 255-260.

3. Ying-tao Wu et al.Intshayelelo yonyango lwesifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenalo utywala.Pharmaceutical Journal, 2018;34 (2) : 27-32.

4. U-Huei-wun Liang: Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha sinokutshintshwa kwaye sithi ndlela-ntle kwisibindi esinamafutha!Iwebhusayithi yoThintelo lweSifo sesibindi kunye noNyango loPhando.

ISIPHELO

Malunga nombhali/ Nksz. Wu Tingyao
UWu Tingyao unike ingxelo ngolwazi lweGanoderma lokuqala ukusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali wencwadiUkunyanga ngeGanoderma(ipapashwe kwiNdlu yePeople's Medical Publishing House ngo-Epreli 2017).
 
★ Eli nqaku lipapashwe phantsi kogunyaziso olulodwa lombhali.★ Le misebenzi ingasentla ayinakuphinda iveliswe, icatshulwe okanye isetyenziswe ngezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa ngumbhali.★ Ukwaphulwa kwengxelo engentla, umbhali uya kulandela uxanduva olusemthethweni olufanelekileyo.★ Umbhalo wokuqala weli nqaku ubhalwe ngesiTshayina nguWu Tingyao waza waguqulelwa kwisiNgesi nguAlfred Liu.Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungangqinelani phakathi kwenguqulelo (isiNgesi) kunye neyoqobo (isiTshayina), isiTshayina sokuqala siya koyisa.Ukuba abafundi banayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali wokuqala, uNks. Wu Tingyao.