Eli nqaku liphinde laveliswa kwinqaku le-97 lemagazini ethi "Ganoderma" ngo-2023, epapashwe ngemvume yombhali.Onke amalungelo kweli nqaku angawombhali.

Umahluko obalulekileyo unokubonwa kwingqondo phakathi komntu osempilweni (ekhohlo) kunye nesigulana se-Alzheimer's (ekunene).

(Umthombo womfanekiso: Wikimedia Commons)

Isifo i-Alzheimer's (AD), esaziwa njenge-senile dementia, sisifo esiqhubela phambili se-neurodeergenerative esiphawulwa kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okunxulumene neminyaka kunye nokulahleka kwenkumbulo.Ngokunyuka kwexesha lokuphila kwabantu kunye nokuguga kwabantu, ukuxhaphaka kwesifo se-Alzheimer sikhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kubeka umthwalo obalulekileyo kwiintsapho kunye noluntu.Ke ngoko, ukuphonononga iindlela ezininzi zokuthintela kunye nokunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer kuye kwaba sisihloko somdla omkhulu wophando.

Kwinqaku lam elinesihloko esithi "Ukuphonononga uPhando kwiI-GanodermakuThintelo kunye nokuNyanga isifo se-Alzheimer, ”epapashwe kushicilelo lwama-83 lwephephancwadi elithi “Ganoderma” ngo-2019, ndazisa i-pathogenesis yesifo i-Alzheimer kunye neziphumo zekhemesti.I-Ganodermalucidumekuthinteleni nasekunyangeni isifo sika-Alzheimer.Ngokukodwa,I-Ganodermalucidumizicatshulwa,I-Ganodermalucidumiipolysaccharides,I-Ganodermalucidumtriterpenes, kunyeI-GanodermalucidumUmgubo we-spore wafunyanwa ukuphucula ukufunda kunye nokukhubazeka kwememori kwiimodeli zegundane zesifo se-Alzheimer.La macandelo abonise iziphumo zokukhusela ngokuchasene nokutshintsha kwe-neuropathological utshintsho kwi-hippocampal brain tissue ye-Alzheimer's rat rat, ukunciphisa i-neuroinflammation kwizicubu zengqondo, ukwandisa umsebenzi we-superoxide dismutase (SOD) kwi-hippocampal brain tissue, yehla amanqanaba e-malondialdehyde (MDA). ) njengemveliso ye-oxidative, kwaye ibonise iziphumo zothintelo kunye nonyango kwiimodeli zovavanyo zezilwanyana ze-Alzheimer's disease.

Izifundo ezimbini zokuqala zeklinikhi kwiI-Ganoderma lucidumUkuthintela kunye nokunyanga isifo i-Alzheimer's, eyaziswa kwinqaku, ayiqinisekisanga ngokuqinisekileyo ukusebenza kwe-Alzheimer's.I-Ganoderma lucidumkwisifo sika-Alzheimer.Nangona kunjalo, kudityaniswe neziphumo ezininzi ezithembisayo zophando lwekhemesti, zibonelela ngethemba lokuqhubela phambili izifundo zeklinikhi.

Isiphumo sokusebenzisaI-Ganoderma lucidumUmgubo we-spore wodwa wokunyanga isifo sika-Alzheimer awubonakali.

Ukuphonononga iphepha lophando elinesihloko esithi “Spore powder ofI-Ganoderma lucidumkunyango lwesifo i-Alzheimer: Uphononongo lokulinga” olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi elithi “Medicine”^[1], ababhali bahlula ngokungaqhelekanga izigulane ze-42 eziye zadibana neendlela zokuxilonga isifo se-Alzheimer kwiqela lokulinga kunye neqela lokulawula, kunye nezigulane ze-21 kwiqela ngalinye.Iqela lokulinga lifumene ulawulo lomlomo lweI-Ganodermalucidumi-spore powder capsules (iqela le-SPGL) kwi-dosage ye-4 capsules (250 mg capsule nganye) kathathu ngosuku ngelixa iqela lokulawula lifumana kuphela iipilisi ze-placebo.Omabini amaqela afumana unyango lweeveki ezi-6.

Ekupheleni kwonyango, xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokulawula, iqela le-SPGL libonise ukunciphisa amanqaku e-Alzheimer's Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-cog) kunye ne-Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), ebonisa ukuphuculwa kwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha. ukonakala, kodwa iyantlukwano yayingabalulekanga ngokwezibalo (iThebhile 1).I-questionnaire ye-World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) ibonise ukunyuka kwamanqaku omgangatho wobomi, ebonisa ukuphuculwa komgangatho wobomi, kodwa kwakhona, ukungafani kwakungabalulekanga ngokwezibalo (iThebhile 2).Omabini la maqela afumene ukusabela okungekuhle, kungekho mahluko ubalulekileyo.

Ababhali bephepha bakholelwa ukuba unyango lwe-Alzheimer's disease ngeI-Ganoderma lucidumi-spore powder capsules kwiiveki ze-6 azizange zibonise iziphumo ezibalulekileyo zonyango, mhlawumbi ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lonyango.Izilingo zeklinikhi zexesha elizayo ezinobungakanani beesampulu ezinkulu kunye nexesha elide lonyango ziyafuneka ukuze ufumane ukuqonda okucacileyo kokusebenza kweklinikhiI-Ganoderma lucidumi-spore powder capsules kunyango lwe-Alzheimer's disease.

Ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kweI-Ganoderma lucidumUmgubo we-spore kunye neziyobisi zonyango eziqhelekileyo ziphucula kakhulu ukusebenza konyango ekuphatheni isifo se-Alzheimer.

Kutshanje, uphononongo luvavanye iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zeI-Ganoderma lucidumumgubo we-spore kunye ne-Alzheimer's isifo iyeza i-memantine ekuqondeni kunye nomgangatho wobomi kwizigulana ezinesifo se-Alzheimer's esiphakathi ukuya kwephakathi [2].Izigulane ezingamashumi amane anesibhozo ezifunyanwe ukuba zinesifo se-Alzheimer, ezineminyaka eyi-50 ukuya kwi-86 iminyaka, zahlulwe ngokungenamkhethe kwiqela lolawulo kunye neqela lokulinga, kunye nezigulane ze-24 kwiqela ngalinye (n = 24).

Ngaphambi konyango, kwakungekho nantlukwano ephawulekayo phakathi kwamaqela amabini ngokwesini, i-dementia degree, i-ADAS-cog, i-NPI, kunye ne-WHOQOL-BREF amanqaku (P> 0.5).Iqela lolawulo lafumana i-memantine capsules kumthamo we-10 mg, kabini ngosuku, ngelixa iqela lovavanyo lifumana idosi efanayo ye-memantine kunyeI-Ganoderma lucidumi-spore powder capsules (SPGL) kwi-dose ye-1000 mg, kathathu ngosuku.Omabini amaqela aphathwa kwiiveki ze-6, kwaye idatha esisiseko yezigulane zabhalwa.Umsebenzi wokuqonda kunye nomgangatho wobomi bezigulane zavavanywa ngokusebenzisa i-ADAS-cog, i-NPI, kunye ne-WHOQOL-BREF amanqaku amanqaku.

Emva kokonyango, amaqela omabini ezigulane abonise ukunciphisa okukhulu kwe-ADAS-cog kunye namanqaku e-NPI xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambi kokuba unyango.Ukongezelela, iqela lokulinga lalinomlinganiselo ophantsi kakhulu we-ADAS-cog kunye ne-NPI amanqaku kuneqela lokulawula, kunye nokwahlukana okuphawulekayo (P <0.05) (Itheyibhile 3, iThebhile 4).Ukulandela unyango, amaqela omabini ezigulane abonise ukwanda okukhulu kwamanqaku e-physiology, i-psychology, ubudlelwane boluntu, indawo, kunye nomgangatho wobomi ngokubanzi kwi-questionnaire ye-WHOQOL-BREF xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambi konyango.Ngaphezu koko, iqela lokulinga lalinamanqaku aphezulu kakhulu e-WHOQOL-BREF kuneqela lokulawula, kunye nokwahlukana okuphawulekayo (P <0.05) (Itheyibhile 5).

I-Memantine, eyaziwa njengenoveli i-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) i-receptor antagonist, ayinakho ukukhuphisana i-NMDA receptors, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa i-glutamic acid-induced NMDA receptor overexcitation kunye nokukhusela i-apoptosis yeseli.Iphucula umsebenzi wokuqonda, ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha, imisebenzi yokuphila kwemihla ngemihla, kunye nobunzima bokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kwizigulane ezine-Alzheimer's disease.Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer esincinci, esiphakathi, kunye nesinzima.Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweli yeza kuphela kusenezibonelelo ezilinganiselweyo kwizigulana ezinesifo i-Alzheimer's.

Iziphumo zolu phando zibonisa ukuba usetyenziso oludityanisiweyo lweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-spore powder kunye ne-memantine zinokuphucula izakhono zokuziphatha kunye nengqondo yezigulane kwaye ziphucule kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bazo.

Ukukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo kubalulekile ekunyangeni isifo i-Alzheimer's.

Kwezi zimbini zingasentla zolingo lwezonyango olungenamkhethe lweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-powder spore yonyango lwe-Alzheimer's disease, ukukhethwa kwamatyala, ukuxilongwa, umthombo we-Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, i-dosage, ikhosi yonyango, kunye nezibonakaliso zokuvavanya ukusebenza ziyafana, kodwa ukusebenza kweklinikhi kwahluke.Emva kohlalutyo lwamanani, ukusetyenziswa kweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-powder spore yodwa yokunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer ibonise ukuba akukho phuculo lubalulekileyo kwi-AS-cog, NPI, kunye ne-WHOQOL-BREF amanqaku xa kuthelekiswa ne-placebo;nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo kweI-Ganoderma lucidumI-spore powder kunye ne-memantine ibonise ukuphucuka okubonakalayo kumanqaku amathathu xa kuthelekiswa ne-memantine yodwa, oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyoI-Ganoderma lucidumI-powder spore kunye ne-memantine inokuphucula kakhulu amandla okuziphatha, amandla okuqonda kunye nomgangatho wobomi bezigulane ezine-Alzheimer's disease.

Okwangoku, amachiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer, njenge-donepezil, i-rivastigmine, i-memantine, kunye ne-galantamine (i-Reminyl), ineempembelelo zonyango ezilinganiselweyo kwaye inokunciphisa kuphela iimpawu kunye nokulibazisa ixesha lesi sifo.Ukongeza, phantse akukho machiza amatsha onyango lwe-Alzheimer's aphuhliswe ngempumelelo kwiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo.Ngoko ke, ukusetyenziswa kweI-Ganoderma lucidumUmgubo we-spore wokuphucula ukusebenza kwamachiza kunyango lwe-Alzheimer's disease kufuneka unikwe ingqwalasela.

Ngokubhekiselele kwizilingo ezongezelelweyo zeklinikhi zokusebenzisaI-Ganoderma lucidumI-powder spore yedwa, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ukwandisa umthamo, umzekelo, i-2000 mg ngexesha ngalinye, kabini ngosuku, kwikhosi ubuncinane kwiiveki ze-12.Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, sijonge phambili kwiziphumo zophando kulo mmandla ukuze zisixelele impendulo.

[Iimbekiselo]

1. UGuo-hui Wang, et al.Umgubo weSpore weI-Ganoderma lucidumkunyango lwesifo i-Alzheimer: Uphononongo lokulinga.Iyeza (iBaltimore).2018;97(19): e0636.

2. Wang Lichao, et al.Impembelelo ye-memantine idibene neI-Ganoderma lucidumI-spore powder kwi-cognition kunye nomgangatho wobomi kwizigulana ezinesifo se-Alzheimer.Ijenali yeKholeji yezoNyango zamaPolisa axhobileyo (uHlelo lwezoNyango).2019, 28(12): 18-21.

Intshayelelo kuNjingalwazi uLin Zhibin

UMnu. Lin Zhibin, onguvulindlela eI-Ganodermauphando eTshayina, uye wanikela phantse isiqingatha senkulungwane entsimini.Wabamba izikhundla ezininzi kwiYunivesithi yezoNyango yaseBeijing, kuquka i-Vice-President, i-Vice-Dean yeSikole seSiseko soNyango, uMlawuli weZiko leSayensi yezoNyango eziSisiseko, kunye noMlawuli weSebe le-Pharmacology.Ngoku ungunjingalwazi kwiSebe lePharmacology kwiYunivesithi yasePeking yeSifundo seSiseko sezoNyango.Ukususela kwi-1983 ukuya kwi-1984, wayengumfundi otyeleleyo kwi-WHO Traditional Medicine Research Centre kwiYunivesithi yase-Illinois e-Chicago.Ukususela ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2002, wayengunjingalwazi otyelele kwiYunivesithi yaseHong Kong.Ukususela ngo-2006, ube ngunjingalwazi ohloniphekileyo kwi-Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy eRashiya.

Ukusukela ngo-1970, uye wasebenzisa iindlela zenzululwazi zanamhlanje ukufunda iziphumo zekhemesti kunye neendlela zamayeza emveli aseTshayinaI-Ganodermakunye nezithako zayo ezisebenzayo.Upapashe ngaphezu kwekhulu lamaphepha ophando kwiGanoderma.Ukusukela ngo-2014 ukuya kowama-2019, wakhethwa kuLuhlu lwabaphandi baseTshayina abaCatshulwe kakhulu e-Elsevier iminyaka emithandathu ilandelelana.

Ubhale iincwadi ezininzi kwiGanoderma, kubandakanywa "uPhando lwangoku kwiGanoderma" (i-1st-4th editions), "i-Lingzhi esuka kwiMystery ukuya kwiSayensi" (i-1st-3rd editions), "i-Ganoderma isekela amandla aphilileyo kwaye igxotha izinto ze-pathogenic, ezincedisa kwi-pathogenic. unyango lwamathumba", "Iingxoxo ngeGanoderma", kunye ne "Ganoderma kunye neMpilo".