Mashi 25, 2018/Hokkaido University & Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University/Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Umbhalo/ Hong Yurou, Wu Tingyao

I-antibody ye-IgA kanye ne-defensin ziwumugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela komzimba ngokumelene nezifo zangaphandle ze-microbial emathunjini.Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe yiHokkaido University kanye neHokkaido Pharmaceutical University kuJournal of Ethnopharmacology ngoDisemba 2017,I-Ganoderma lucidumingakhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamasosha omzimba e-IgA futhi ikhulise ama-defensins ngaphandle kokubangela ukuvuvukala.Ngokusobala iwumsizi omuhle wokuthuthukisa ukuvikeleka kwamathumbu emathunjini kanye nokunciphisa izifo zamathumbu.

Lapho amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic ehlasela,I-Ganoderma lucidumizokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies e-IgA.

Amathumbu amancane akuwona kuphela isitho sokugaya ukudla kodwa futhi isitho sokuzivikela komzimba.Ngaphezu kokugaya nokumunca izakhi ekudleni, iphinde ivikele kuma-microorganisms ahlukahlukene e-pathogenic angena emlonyeni.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwe-villi engenakubalwa (emunca imisoco) olwelweni lwangaphakathi lodonga lwamathumbu, kukhona nezicubu ze-lymphatic ezibizwa ngokuthi “ama-Peyer’s patches (PP)” emathunjini amancane, asebenza njengonozinti bamasosha omzimba.Uma amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic etholwe ama-macrophage noma amaseli e-dendritic kuma-patches ka-Peyer, ngeke kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuthi ama-B cell akhiphe amasosha omzimba e-IgA ukuze abambe amagciwane e-pathogenic futhi akhe i-firewall yokuqala yomgudu wamathumbu.

Ucwaningo luye lwaqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhishwa okukhulu kwama-antibodies e-IgA, kunzima kakhulu ukuthi amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic aphinde akhiqize, ukuhamba buthaka kwamabhaktheriya e-pathogenic, kuba nzima nakakhulu ukuthi amagciwane e-pathogenic adlule emathunjini futhi angene egazini.Ukubaluleka kwamasosha omzimba e-IgA kungabonakala kulokhu.

Ukuze uqonde umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumkumasosha omzimba e-IgA akhiqizwe amapheshana kaPeyer odongeni lwamathumbu amancane, abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseHokkaido eJapane bakhipha amapheshana kaPeyer odongeni lwamathumbu amancane amagundane base behlukanisa amangqamuzana emaqenjini bawakha nge-lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ) kusuka ku-Escherichia coli amahora angama-72.Kwatholakala ukuthi uma inani elikhuluI-Ganoderma lucidumKwanikezwa ngalesi sikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba e-IgA kungaba phezulu kakhulu kunalokho ngaphandle kwe-Ganoderma lucidum - kodwa umthamo ophansi.I-Ganoderma lucidumwayengenawo umphumela onjalo.

Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zesikhathi, uma kuphela amaseli we-Peyer's patches akhuliswa ngawoI-Ganoderma lucidumngaphandle kokukhuthazwa kwe-LPS, ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies e-IgA ngeke kwandiswe ikakhulukazi (njengoba kuboniswe kumfanekiso ongezansi).Ngokusobala, lapho amathumbu ebhekene nosongo lokutheleleka kwangaphandle,I-Ganoderma lucidumingakhuphula izinga lokuzivikela lamathumbu ngokukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwe-IgA, futhi lo mphumela ulingana nomthamo we-IgA.I-Ganoderma lucidum.

Umphumela weI-Ganoderma lucidumekukhiqizweni kwamasosha omzimba ngama-lymph nodes amathumbu amancane (ama-Peyer's patches)

[Qaphela] U-“-” ngaphansi kweshadi usho ukuthi “akufakiwe”, futhi u-“+” usho ukuthi “kuhlanganisiwe”.I-LPS ivela ku-Escherichia coli, futhi ukugxila okusetshenziswe ekuhloleni yi-100μg/mL;I-Ganoderma lucidumokusetshenziswe ocwaningweni ukumiswa okwenziwe ngempushana yomzimba we-Reishi ethela amakhowe emhlabathini owomile kanye nosawoti womzimba, futhi imithamo yokuhlola ingu-0.5, 1, kanye no-5 mg/kg, ngokulandelana.(Umthombo/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017 Dec 14;214:240-243.)

I-Ganoderma lucidumngokuvamile futhi ithuthukisa amazinga okuveza ama-defensins

Enye indima ebalulekile ephambili ekuvikelekeni kwamathumbu emathunjini yi-"defensin", okuyi-molecule yamaprotheni efihliwe ngamaseli e-Paneth ku-epithelium yamathumbu amancane.Inani elincane nje le-defensin lingavimbela noma libulale amagciwane, isikhunta kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane.

Amaseli e-paneth agxile kakhulu ku-ileum (ingxenye yesibili yamathumbu amancane).Ngokusho kokuhlolwa kwezilwane kocwaningo, lapho kungekho ukukhuthazwa kwe-LPS, amagundane alawulwa nge-intragastrically.I-Ganoderma lucidum(ngomthamo we-0.5, 1, 5 mg ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba) amahora angu-24, amazinga e-defensin-5 kanye ne-defensin-6 ku-ileum azokhula ngokukhulaI-Ganoderma lucidumumthamo, futhi aphakeme kunamazinga enkulumo lapho ekhuthazwa yi-LPS (njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi).

Ngokusobala, ngisho nangezikhathi ezinokuthula lapho kungekho usongo lwamagciwane e-pathogenic,I-Ganoderma lucidumizogcina ama-defensins emathunjini esimweni sokulwa nokulungela ukuphendula ezimweni eziphuthumayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Amazinga wokubonakaliswa kofuzo we-defensins akalwa ku-rat ileum (ingxenye yokugcina nende kunazo zonke yamathumbu amancane)

I-Ganoderma lucidumayibangeli ukuvuvukala ngokweqile

Ukuze kucaciswe indlela okwenziwa ngayoI-Ganoderma lucidumivuselela ukungatheleleki, abacwaningi bagxile ekusebenzeni kwe-TLR4.I-TLR4 iyisamukeli kumaseli omzimba angahlonza abahlaseli bakwamanye amazwe (njenge-LPS), yenze kusebenze ama-molecule adlulisa umyalezo kumaseli omzimba, futhi enze amaseli omzimba aphendule.

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi nomaI-Ganoderma lucidumikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwamasosha omzimba e-IgA noma ikhuphule amazinga wokuvezwa kofuzo we-defensins ihlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kwama-receptors e-TLR4 - ama-TLR4 receptors ayisihluthuleloI-Ganoderma lucidumukuthuthukisa ukuzivikela emathunjini.

Nakuba ukusebenzisa i-TLR4 kungathuthukisa ukungatheleleki, ukusebenza ngokweqile kwe-TLR4 kuzobangela amangqamuzana omzimba ukuthi agcine ngokuqhubekayo i-TNF-α (i-tumor necrosis factor), okubangela ukuvuvukala okudlulele futhi kubangele usongo lwezempilo.Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi baphinde bahlola amazinga e-TNF-α emathunjini amancane amagundane.

Kutholwe ukuthi ukubonakaliswa kwe-TNF-α kanye namazinga emfihlo ezingxenyeni zangaphambili nangemuva zamathumbu amancane (i-jejunum ne-ileum) kanye nama-Peyer's patches odongeni lwamathumbu emagundane awazange akhule ikakhulukazi lapho.I-Ganoderma lucidumyasetshenziswa (njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni esingezansi), kanye nemithamo ephezulu yeI-Ganoderma lucidumingavimbela ngisho ne-TNF-α.

II-Ganoderma lucidumizinto ezisetshenziswa ekuhlolweni okungenhla zonke zilungiswa ngokugaya zomisiweI-Ganoderma lucidumimizimba ethela izithelo ibe yimpushana ecolekile futhi yengeze usawoti womzimba.Abacwaningi bakusho lokho ngobaI-Ganoderma lucidumesetshenziswe ekuhloleni iqukethe i-ganoderic acid A, futhi izifundo ezedlule zibonise ukuthi i-ganoderic acid A ingavimbela ukuvuvukala, baqagela ukuthi ngenqubo yokuthuthukisa ukuzivikela kwamathumbuI-Ganoderma lucidumama-polysaccharides, i-ganoderic acid A kungenzeka ukuthi idlale indima yokulinganisa ngesikhathi esifanele.

Inkulumo yofuzo ye-TNF-α ilinganiswa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zamathumbu amancane amagundane

[Umthombo] Kubota A, et al.I-Reishi mushroom i-Ganoderma lucidum ilungisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-IgA kanye nenkulumo ye-alpha-defensin emathunjini amancane egundane..J Ethnopharmacol.2018 Mar 25;214:240-243.

PHELA

Mayelana nombhali/ Nks. Wu Tingyao

UWu Tingyao ubelokhu ebika ngolwazi lwe-Ganoderma lokuqala kusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali wencwadiUkwelapha nge-Ganoderma(ishicilelwe ku-People's Medical Publishing House ngo-Ephreli 2017).

★ Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ngaphansi kokugunyazwa okukhethekile kombhali.
★ Le misebenzi engenhla ayinakuphinda ikhiqizwe, ikhishwe noma isetshenziswe ngezinye izindlela ngaphandle kwemvume yombhali.
★ Ngokuphulwa kwesitatimende esingenhla, umbhali uzolandela izibopho ezingokomthetho ezifanele.
★ Umbhalo wokuqala walesi sihloko ubhalwe ngesiShayina nguWu Tingyao futhi wahunyushelwa esiNgisini ngu-Alfred Liu.Uma kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhumusha (isiNgisi) kanye nokwangempela (isiShayina), isiShayina sangempela siyonqoba.Uma abafundi benemibuzo, sicela uthinte umbhali wokuqala, uNksz. Wu Tingyao.