Malaki 25, 2018/Hokkaido University & Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University/Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Text/ Hong Yurou, Wu Tingyao

ʻO ka antibody IgA a me ka defensin ka lālani mua o ka pale pale i nā maʻi microbial waho i loko o ka ʻōpū.Wahi a kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia e Hokkaido University a me Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University ma ka Journal of Ethnopharmacology i Dekemaba 2017,ʻO Ganoderma lucidumhiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies IgA a hoʻonui i nā defensin me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha.He mea kōkua maikaʻi ia no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā maʻi ʻōpū.

Ke komo mai ka bacteria pathogenic,ʻO Ganoderma lucidume hoʻonui i ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies IgA.

ʻO ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole wale ka ʻōpū hoʻoheheʻe akā ʻo ke kino hoʻi.Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻeli ʻana a me ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai i loko o ka meaʻai, pale pū kekahi i nā microorganism pathogenic e komo mai ana mai ka waha.

No laila, ma waho aʻe o ka helu ʻana o nā villi (e hoʻomoʻa i nā meaʻai) ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka pā o ka ʻōpū, aia pū kekahi ʻiʻo lymphatic i kapa ʻia ʻo "Peyer's patches (PP)" i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he poʻe kiaʻi pale.Ke ʻike ʻia ka bacteria pathogenic e nā macrophages a i ʻole nā ​​​​pūnaewele dendritic i loko o nā ʻāpana o Peyer, ʻaʻole e liʻuliʻu ka huna ʻana o nā pūnaʻi B i nā antibodies IgA e hopu i ka bacteria pathogenic a kūkulu i ka pā ahi mua no ka ʻāpana ʻōpū.

Ua hōʻoia nā haʻawina ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies IgA, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka maʻi pathogenic e hana hou, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka neʻe ʻana o nā bacteria pathogenic, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka bacteria pathogenic e hele i loko o ka ʻōpū a komo i ke kahe koko.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke koʻikoʻi o nā antibodies IgA mai kēia.

I mea e maopopo ai ka hopena oʻO Ganoderma lucidumMa luna o nā antibodies IgA i huna ʻia e nā paʻi o Peyer ma ka paia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ua lawe nā mea noiʻi mai ke Kulanui ʻo Hokkaido ma Iapana i nā ʻāpana o Peyer ma ka paia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiole a laila hoʻokaʻawale i nā cell i loko o nā pā a hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā lākou me ka lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ) mai Escherichia coli no 72 hola.Ua ʻike ʻia inā he nui ka nui oʻO Ganoderma lucidumHāʻawi ʻia i loko o kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies IgA ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻole o Ganoderma lucidum - akā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.ʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻaʻohe hopena like.

Eia nō naʻe, ma lalo o nā kūlana like o ka manawa, inā e hoʻomaʻamaʻa wale ʻia nā cell patches o PeyerʻO Ganoderma lucidumme ka hoʻoulu ʻole o LPS, ʻaʻole e hoʻonui nui ʻia ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies IgA (e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo).ʻIke loa, ke kū nei ka ʻōpū i ka hoʻoweliweli o ka maʻi o waho,ʻO Ganoderma lucidumhiki ke hoʻonui i ka pae pale o ka ʻōpū ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka huna ʻana o IgA, a ua kūlike kēia hopena i ka nui oʻO Ganoderma lucidum.

Ka hopena oʻO Ganoderma lucidumma ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies e nā lymph nodes o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi (Peyer's patches)

[Note] ʻO ka "-" ma lalo o ka pakuhi ʻo ia hoʻi "ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia", a ʻo "+" ʻo ia hoʻi "i komo".Hiki mai ka LPS mai Escherichia coli, a ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua he 100μg/mL;ʻO Ganoderma lucidumhoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻokolohua he hoʻokuʻu ʻia i hana ʻia i ka lepo maloʻo Reishi mushroom fruiting kino pauka a me ka saline physiological, a ʻo nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua he 0.5, 1, a me 5 mg/kg.(Source/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017 Dec 14;214:240-243.)

ʻO Ganoderma lucidumhoʻomaikaʻi maʻamau i nā pae hōʻike o nā defensins

ʻO kekahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka mua o ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū ʻo ia ka "defensin", ʻo ia kahi mole protein huna ʻia e nā paneth cell i loko o ka epithelium o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.Hiki i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka defensin ke pale a pepehi paha i ka bacteria, fungi a me kekahi ʻano maʻi maʻi.

Hoʻopili nui ʻia nā cell Paneth i ka ileum (ka hapa ʻelua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi).Wahi a ka hoʻokolohua holoholona o ke aʻo ʻana, i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o LPS, ua lawelawe ʻia nā ʻiole intragastrially.ʻO Ganoderma lucidum(ma ka helu o 0.5, 1, 5 mg no ka kg kaumaha o ke kino) no 24 mau hola, e piʻi aʻe nā pae hōʻike gene o defensin-5 a me defensin-6 i loko o ka ileum me ka piʻi ʻana o kaʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā pae hōʻike i ka wā i hoʻoulu ʻia e LPS (e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke kiʻi ma lalo).

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoiai i nā manawa maluhia inā ʻaʻohe hoʻoweliweli o ka bacteria pathogenic,ʻO Ganoderma lucidume mālama i nā defensins i loko o ka ʻōpū i kahi kūlana o ka mākaukau hakakā e pane i nā pilikia i kēlā me kēia manawa.

ʻO nā pae hōʻike gene o nā defensin i ana ʻia ma ka ʻiole ileum (ka ʻāpana hope a lōʻihi loa o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi)

ʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻaʻole ia e hoʻomake nui

I mea e akaka ai ke ano hanaʻO Ganoderma lucidumho'āla i ka palekana, ua nānā ka poʻe noiʻi i ka hana o TLR4.ʻO TLR4 kahi mea hoʻokipa ma nā pūnaewele immune hiki ke ʻike i nā mea hoʻouka kaua ʻē aʻe (e like me LPS), hoʻāla i nā molekala hoʻouna i ka leka i loko o nā cell immune, a hana i nā cell immune e pane.

Ua ʻike ka hoʻokolohua inā pahaʻO Ganoderma lucidumhoʻolalelale i ka huna ʻana o nā antibodies IgA a hoʻonui paha i nā pae hōʻike gene o nā defensin e pili kokoke ana i ka hoʻāla ʻana o nā mea hoʻokipa TLR4 - ʻo nā mea loaʻa TLR4 ke kī noʻO Ganoderma lucidume hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka TLR4 hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana o TLR4 e hoʻoneʻe i nā cell immune e hūnā mau i ka TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor), e hoʻoulu ai i ka mumū nui a me ka hoʻoweliweli olakino.No laila, ua hoʻāʻo nā mea noiʻi i nā pae TNF-α i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiole.

Ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hōʻike TNF-α a me nā pae huna ma nā ʻāpana mua a me hope o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi (jejunum a me ka ileum) a me nā ʻāpana o ka Peyer ma ka paia ʻōpū o nā ʻiole.ʻO Ganoderma lucidumua lawelawe ʻia (e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ke kiʻi ma lalo), a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe oʻO Ganoderma lucidumhiki iā ia ke pale i ka TNF-α.

ʻO kaʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua ma luna aʻe ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ka wili maloʻoʻO Ganoderma lucidumʻO nā kino hua i loko o ka pauka maikaʻi a hoʻohui i ka paʻakai physiological.Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe noiʻi no ka meaʻO Ganoderma lucidumhoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka hoʻokolohua he ganoderic acid A, a ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i hala e hiki i ka ganoderic acid A ke kāohi i ka mumū, manaʻo lākou i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pale ʻana o ka ʻōpū.ʻO Ganoderma lucidumpolysaccharides, ganoderic acid A ua pāʻani paha i ka hana kaulike i ka manawa kūpono.

Ua ana ʻia ka hōʻike gene TNF-α ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiole

[Ke kumu] Kubota A, et al.Hoʻololi ʻo Reishi mushroom Ganoderma lucidum i ka hana IgA a me ka hōʻike alpha-defensin i loko o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiole.J Ethnopharmacol.2018 Mar 25;214:240-243.

HOPE

No ka mea kākau/ Ms. Wu Tingyao

Ua hōʻike ʻo Wu Tingyao i ka ʻike Ganoderma lima mua mai 1999. ʻO ia ka mea kākau oHoola me Ganoderma(i paʻi ʻia ma The People's Medical Publishing House ma ʻApelila 2017).

★ Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma lalo o ka mana kūʻokoʻa o ka mea kākau.
★ ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻi hou ʻia nā hana i luna, ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia e ka mea kākau.
★ No ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ma luna, e ʻimi ka mea kākau i nā kuleana pili kānāwai.
★ Ua kākau ʻia ka kikokikona kumu o kēia ʻatikala ma ka ʻōlelo Pākē e Wu Tingyao a unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania e Alfred Liu.Inā loaʻa kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka unuhi (English) a me ka unuhi mua (Pake), e lanakila ka Pākē mua.Inā he nīnau ka poʻe heluhelu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Ms. Wu Tingyao.