Ngomhla wama-25 kweyoKwindla, ngo-2018/iYunivesithi yaseHokkaido kunye neYunivesithi yaseHokkaido yezamayeza/Ijenali ye-Ethnopharmacology

Umbhalo/ Hong Yurou, Wu Tingyao

I-antibody ye-IgA kunye ne-defensin yindlela yokuqala yokukhusela i-immune kwintsholongwane yangaphandle ye-microbial emathunjini.Ngokophononongo olupapashwe yiYunivesithi yaseHokkaido kunye neYunivesithi yaseHokkaido Pharmaceutical kwiJournal ye-Ethnopharmacology ngoDisemba 2017,I-Ganoderma luciduminokukhuthaza ukukhuselwa kwe-IgA antibodies kunye nokwandisa i-defensins ngaphandle kokubangela ukuvuvukala.Ngokucacileyo ngumncedi olungileyo wokuphucula ukukhuseleka kwamathumbu kunye nokunciphisa izifo zamathumbu.

Xa iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic zihlasela,I-Ganoderma lucidumiya kwandisa imfihlo ye-IgA antibodies.

Amathumbu amancinci ayisiyo kuphela i-digestive organ kodwa kunye ne-immune organ.Ukongeza kokutya kunye nokufunxa izondlo ekutyeni, ikwakhusela kwiintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo ze-pathogenic ezingena emlonyeni.

Ke ngoko, ukongeza kwi-villi engenakubalwa (efunxa izondlo) kumgca wangaphakathi wodonga lwamathumbu, kukwakho nezicubu ze-lymphatic ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Peyer's patches (PP)" emathunjini amancinci, asebenza njengabagcini bokhuselo lomzimba.Nje ukuba iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic zifunyenwe yi-macrophages okanye iiseli ze-dendritic kwi-Peyer's patches, akuyi kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba iiseli ze-B zikhuphe izilwa-buhlungu ze-IgA ukuze zibambe iintsholongwane ze-pathogenic kunye nokwakha i-firewall yokuqala ye-intestinal tract.

Izifundo ziqinisekisile ukuba i-secretion enkulu ye-IgA antibodies, kunzima ngakumbi ukuba iibhaktheriya ze-pathogenic zivelise kwakhona, ukuhamba buthathaka kwebhaktheriya ye-pathogenic, kunzima ukuba ibhaktheriya ye-pathogenic idlule emathunjini kwaye ingene egazini.Ukubaluleka kwe-IgA antibodies kunokubonwa koku.

Ukuze uqonde umphumo weI-Ganoderma lucidumkwi-antibodies ye-IgA ekhutshwe ngamabala e-Peyer kudonga lwamathumbu amancinci, abaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseHokkaido eJapan bakhupha amabala e-Peyer kudonga lwamathumbu amancinci eempuku emva koko bahlula iiseli kwi-patches kwaye bakhulise nge-lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ) ukusuka kwi-Escherichia coli kwiiyure ezingama-72.Kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukuba inani elikhuluI-Ganoderma lucidumNgeli xesha, ukukhutshwa kwe-IgA antibodies kuya kuba phezulu kakhulu kunokuba ngaphandle kweGanoderma lucidum - kodwa idosi ephantsi.I-Ganoderma lucidumakazange abe nalo mphumo.

Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo zexesha, ukuba kuphela iiseli zePeyer's patches zikhuliswa ngeI-Ganoderma lucidumngaphandle kokukhuthazwa kwe-LPS, ukukhutshwa kwe-IgA antibodies akuyi kwandiswa ngokukodwa (njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi).Ngokucacileyo, xa amathumbu ejongene nesongelo losulelo lwangaphandle,I-Ganoderma luciduminokunyusa umgangatho wokukhusela wamathumbu ngokukhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwe-IgA, kwaye esi siphumo silingana nedosiI-Ganoderma lucidum.

Isiphumo seI-Ganoderma lucidumekukhutshelweni kwamajoni omzimba ngama-lymph nodes amathumbu amancinci (amabala ePeyer)

[Qaphela] U-“-” ezantsi kwetshati uthetha “akuqukwanga”, kwaye “+” uthetha “ibandakanyiwe”.I-LPS ivela kwi-Escherichia coli, kwaye i-concentration esetyenziswe kuvavanyo yi-100μg / mL;I-Ganoderma lucidumesetyenzisiweyo kuvavanyo kukunqunyanyiswa okwenziwe ngomhlaba owomileyo weReishi mushroom fruiting umgubo womzimba kunye ne-physiological saline, kunye needosi zovavanyo ziyi-0.5, 1, kunye ne-5 mg / kg, ngokulandelanayo.(Umthombo/J Ethnopharmacol. 2017 Dec 14; 214:240-243.)

I-Ganoderma lucidumngokuqhelekileyo ikwaphucula amanqanaba okubonakaliswa kwe-defensins

Enye indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni kwamathumbu emathunjini yi "defensin", okuyi-molecule yeprotheni efihliweyo ngamaseli e-Paneth kwi-epithelium yamathumbu amancinci.Umlinganiselo omncinci we-defensin unokunqanda okanye ubulale ibhaktheriya, umngundo kunye neentlobo ezithile zeentsholongwane.

Iiseli zePaneth zigxininiswe kakhulu kwi-ileum (isiqingatha sesibini samathumbu amancinci).Ngokovavanyo lwezilwanyana zophononongo, ngokungabikho kovuselelo lwe-LPS, iimpuku zazilawulwa nge-intragastric.I-Ganoderma lucidum(kwidosi ye-0.5, 1, 5 mg ngekhilogram yobunzima bomzimba) kwiiyure ze-24, amanqanaba e-gene ye-defensin-5 kunye ne-defensin-6 kwi-ileum iya kwanda ngokunyukaI-Ganoderma lucidumidosi, kwaye iphezulu kunamanqanaba okuxela xa ivuselelwe yi-LPS (njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongezantsi).

Ngokucacileyo, nangamaxesha oxolo xa kungekho sisongelo sebhaktheriya ye-pathogenic,I-Ganoderma lucidumiya kugcina i-defensins emathunjini kwimeko yokulwa nokulungela ukuphendula kwiimeko eziphuthumayo nanini na.

Amanqanaba okubonakalisa i-gene ye-defensins elinganiswe kwi-rat ileum (inxalenye yokugqibela kunye neyona ende kakhulu yamathumbu amancinci)

I-Ganoderma lucidumayibangeli ukudumba okugqithisileyo

Ukuze kucaciswe indlela yokwenza ngayoI-Ganoderma lucidumivuselela ukungakhuseleki, abaphandi bagxile ekusebenzeni kwe-TLR4.I-TLR4 yi-receptor kwiiseli zokuzivikela ezinokuthi zichonge abahlaseli bangaphandle (ezifana ne-LPS), zivule iimolekyuli zokuhambisa umyalezo kwiiseli zomzimba, kwaye zenze iiseli zokuzivikela ziphendule.

Umfuniselo wafumanisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumikhuthaza ukukhuselwa kwee-antibodies ze-IgA okanye ukwandisa amanqanaba e-gene expression of defensins inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokusebenza kwee-receptors ze-TLR4 - i-TLR4 i-receptors ingundoqoI-Ganoderma lucidumukwandisa ukukhuseleka kwamathumbu.

Nangona ukusebenzisa i-TLR4 kunokuphucula ukungakhuseleki, ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-TLR4 kuya kubangela ukuba iiseli zomzimba zikhuphe ngokuqhubekayo i-TNF-α (i-tumor necrosis factor), ebangela ukuvutha okugqithisileyo kunye nokubeka ingozi kwimpilo.Ngoko ke, abaphandi baphinde bavavanya amanqanaba e-TNF-α emathunjini amancinci amagundane.

Kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-TNF-α ibonakaliso kunye namanqanaba okufihla kumacandelo angaphambili nasemva kwamathumbu amancinci (ijejunum kunye ne-ileum) kunye ne-Peyer's patches kudonga lwamathumbu eegundane ayenganyuswanga ngokukodwa xa.I-Ganoderma lucidumyalawulwa (njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi), kunye needosi eziphezulu zeI-Ganoderma luciduminokuthintela i-TNF-α.

II-Ganoderma lucidumizinto ezisetyenziswa kolu vavanyo lungentla zonke zilungiswa ngokusila zomisiweI-Ganoderma lucidumimizimba evelisa iziqhamo ibe ngumgubo ocolekileyo kunye nokongeza i-saline ye-physiological.Abaphandi bathi ngenxa yokubaI-Ganoderma lucidumisetyenziswe kuvavanyo iqulethe i-ganoderic acid A, kwaye izifundo ezidlulileyo zibonise ukuba i-ganoderic acid A inokuthintela ukudumba, baqikelela ukuba kwinkqubo yokuphucula ukukhuseleka kwamathumbu ngo.I-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides, i-ganoderic acid A inokuba idlale indima yokulinganisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

I-TNF-α i-gene expression ilinganiswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zamathumbu amancinci eempuku

[Umthombo] Kubota A, et al.I-Reishi mushroom iGanoderma lucidum imodareyitha imveliso ye-IgA kunye nokubonakaliswa kwe-alpha-defensin kumathumbu amancinci..J Ethnopharmacol.2018 Mar 25;214:240-243.

ISIPHELO

Malunga nombhali/ Nksz. Wu Tingyao

UWu Tingyao unike ingxelo ngolwazi lweGanoderma lokuqala ukusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali wencwadiUkunyanga ngeGanoderma(ipapashwe kwiNdlu yePeople's Medical Publishing House ngo-Epreli 2017).

★ Eli nqaku lipapashwe phantsi kogunyaziso olulodwa lombhali.
★ Le misebenzi ingasentla ayinakuphinda iveliswe, icatshulwe okanye isetyenziswe ngezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa ngumbhali.
★ Ukwaphulwa kwengxelo engentla, umbhali uya kulandela uxanduva olusemthethweni olufanelekileyo.
★ Umbhalo wokuqala weli nqaku ubhalwe ngesiTshayina nguWu Tingyao waza waguqulelwa kwisiNgesi nguAlfred Liu.Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungangqinelani phakathi kwenguqulelo (isiNgesi) kunye neyoqobo (isiTshayina), isiTshayina sokuqala siya koyisa.Ukuba abafundi banayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali wokuqala, uNks. Wu Tingyao.