Epreli 2019 / isibhedlele saseXuanwu, kwiYunivesithi yezoNyango eyiNkunzi, eBeijing / Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Umbhalo/Wu Tingyao

Ngaba i-Ganoderma lucidum inegalelo kwizigulane ezine-Parkinson's disease (PD)?
Iqela elikhokelwa ngu-Chen Biao, unjingalwazi we-neurology kunye nomlawuli we-Parkinson's Disease Research, ukuxilongwa kunye neZiko loNyango kwiSibhedlele sase-Xuanwu, kwiYunivesithi yase-Capital Medical, eBeijing, ipapashe ingxelo yophando kwi-Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (i-Chinese Journal of Pharmacology) ngo-Ephreli 2019. It iyifanele ireferensi yakho.
Ukubona amandla eGanoderma lucidum ukuphucula isifo sikaParkinson kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye novavanyo lweeseli

Iqela lophando litshilo kule ngxelo ukuba baye baqaphela ngaphambili ukusebenza kwe-Ganoderma lucidum extract kwizigulane ze-300 ezine-Parkinson's disease kwi-randomized, double-blind, i-placebo-controlled control trial trial: ikhosi yesifo kwisigaba sokuqala (impawu ukubonakala kwelinye icala lomzimba) ukuya kwisigaba sesine (isigulane sifuna uncedo kubomi bemihla ngemihla kodwa sinokuzihambela).Emva kweminyaka emibini yokulandelelana, kufunyenwe ukuba ukulawulwa komlomo we-4 grams ye-Ganoderma lucidum extract ngosuku kunokunciphisa ukuwohloka kwe-dyskinesia yesigulane.Nangona iziphumo zolu phando zingakhange zipapashwe, sele linike iqela lophando umboniso wamathuba athile eGanoderma lucidum kwizigulane.
Ukongeza, baye bafumanisa ngaphambili kuvavanyo lweeseli ukuba i-Ganoderma lucidum extract inokuthintela ukusebenza kwe-microglia (iiseli zamajoni omzimba engqondweni) kwaye zithintele umonakalo kwi-dopamine neurons (iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikhupha i-dopamine) ngokudumba okugqithisileyo.Esi siphumo sophando sapapashwa "kwi-Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine" kwi-2011.
Ukufa okukhulu kwe-dopamine neurons kwi-substantia nigra ngunobangela wesifo sika-Parkinson, kuba i-dopamine sisixhobo sokusebenza kwengqondo esiyimfuneko ukuze ingqondo ilawule ukusebenza kwezihlunu.Xa isixa se-dopamine sincitshisiwe ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, izigulana ziya kuqala ukufumana iimpawu ze-Parkinson eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokuxhawula ngokuzenzekelayo kwezandla neenyawo, imilenze eqinile, intshukumo ecothayo, kunye nokuma okungazinzanga (kulula ukuwa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumlinganiselo).
Ke ngoko, olu vavanyo lungentla lubonisa ukuba i-Ganoderma lucidum extract inefuthe lokukhusela i-dopamine neurons, ekufuneka ibaluleke kakhulu kwisifo sikaParkinson.Ingaba isiphumo esinjalo sokukhusela sinokusekwa emzimbeni, kwaye yeyiphi indlela yokwenza i-Ganoderma lucidum isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i-dopamine neurons kugxininiso lweqela lophando kwingxelo epapashiweyo.
Iimpuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson ezitya iGanoderma lucidum zinokonakala kwelungu lemilenze kancinane.

I-Ganoderma lucidum esetyenzisiweyo kuvavanyo lulungiselelo olwenziwe nge-Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body extract, equkethe i-10% ye-polysaccharides, i-0.3-0.4% ye-ganoderic acid A kunye ne-0.3-0.4% ye-ergosterol.
Abaphandi baqale bafaka i-neurotoxin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) kwiigundane ukuze zenze iimpawu ezifana nesifo sika-Parkinson kwaye emva koko baphatha iigundane kunye nokulawulwa kwe-intragastric yemihla ngemihla ye-400 mg / kg. Isicatshulwa seGanoderma lucidum.Emva kweeveki ezine, iigundane zavavanywa amandla abo okulawula ukunyakaza kwemilenze ngovavanyo lokuhamba kwe-balance beam kunye novavanyo lwe-rotarod.
Iziphumo zibonise ukuba xa kuthelekiswa neempuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson ezingakhuselwanga yiGanoderma lucidum, iimpuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson ezazidla iGanoderma lucidum zinokudlula ibhalansi ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziqhubeke zibaleka kwi-rotarod ixesha elide, ngakumbi ngokumalunga neqela lolawulo. yeegundane eziqhelekileyo kuvavanyo lwe-rotarod (Umfanekiso 1).Ezi ziphumo zonke zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-Ganoderma lucidum extract kunokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwentshukumo yelungu elibangelwa sisifo sikaParkinson.

Umzobo 1 Isiphumo sokutya iGanoderma lucidum iiveki ezine kwintshukumo yelungu leempuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson.

Umsebenzi wokuhamba nge-beam
Umsebenzi wokuhamba ngomqadi wawuquka ukubeka impuku kwindawo exhonyiweyo (iisentimitha ezingama-50 ukusuka emgangathweni), umqadi omxinwa womthi (ubude obuyi-100 cm, ububanzi obuyi-1.0 cm kunye ne-1.0 cm ubude).Ngexesha loqeqesho kunye novavanyo, impuku yabekwa kwindawo yokuqala ejongene nekheji yasekhaya, kwaye isitophuwashi saqala kwangoko ekukhululweni kwesilwanyana.Ukusebenza kwavavanywa ngokurekhoda i-latency yesilwanyana ukunqumla umqadi.
Umsebenzi weRotarod
Kumsebenzi we-rotarod, iiparitha zibekwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: isantya sokuqala, i-revolutions emihlanu ngomzuzu (rpm);isantya esiphezulu, 30 kunye 40 rpm phezu kwekhosi 300 s.Ubude bexesha apho iigundane zahlala kwi-rotarod zabhalwa ngokuzenzekelayo.
Iimpuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson ezitya iGanoderma lucidum zinelahleko encinci ye-dopamine neurons.

Kuhlalutyo lwethishu yengqondo yezimpuku zovavanyo zingasentla, kwafunyaniswa ukuba inani le-dopamine neurons kwi-substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) okanye i-striatum yeempuku ezinesifo sika-Parkinson ezazityiswe i-Ganoderma lucidum yayiphindwe kabini okanye ngaphezulu. kunokuba iigundane ezigulayo ngaphandle kokhuseleko lwe-Ganoderma lucidum (Umfanekiso 2).
I-dopamine neurons ye-substantia nigra tissue yobuchopho igxile kakhulu kwi-substantia nigra pars compacta, kunye ne-dopamine neurons apha nayo yandisa kwi-striatum.I-Dopamine esuka kwi-substantia nigra pars compacta idluliselwa kwi-striatum ecaleni kwale ndlela, kwaye emva koko idlulisela umyalezo wokulawula intshukumo ezantsi.Ke ngoko, inani le-dopamine neurons kula macandelo mabini libaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwesifo sikaParkinson.
Ngokucacileyo, iziphumo zovavanyo kuMfanekiso 2 zibonisa ukuba kwiimpuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson, isicatshulwa seGanoderma lucidum sinokukhusela i-dopamine neurons ye-substantia nigra pars compacta kunye ne-striatum ngaxeshanye.Kwaye esi siphumo sokukhusela sikwachaza ukuba kutheni iimpuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson ezitya iGanoderma lucidum zinamandla angcono emoto.

Umzobo 2 Isiphumo sokutya i-Ganoderma lucidum iiveki ezine kwi-dopamine neurons ebuchotsheni beempuku ngesifo sikaParkinson.
[Qaphela] Umzobo C ubonisa ukungcoliswa kwecandelo lethishu yengqondo yempuku.Amalungu anemibala yi-dopamine neurons.Okukhona umbala umnyama, kokukhona inani elikhulu le-dopamine neurons.Amanani A kunye no-B asekwe kuMfanekiso C ukulinganisa i-dopamine neurons.
IGanoderma lucidum ikhusela ukusinda kweeseli zemithambo-luvo kwaye igcina umsebenzi we-mitochondria.

Ukuze uqonde indlela i-Ganoderma lucidum extract ekhusela ngayo i-dopamine neurons, abaphandi bayihlalutya ngakumbi ngovavanyo lweeseli.Kwafunyaniswa ukuba i-co-culturing i-neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +) kunye neeseli ze-nerve ze-mouse zingabangela ukuba inani elikhulu leeseli ze-nerve life kodwa kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-mitochondrial ngaphakathi kweeseli (Umfanekiso 3).
I-Mitochondria ibizwa ngokuba "zijenereyitha zeeseli", umthombo wamandla wokusebenza kweeseli.Xa i-mitochondria iwela kwintlekele yokungasebenzi kakuhle, kungekuphela nje amandla (ATP) avelisiweyo ancitshiswa kakhulu, kodwa ii-radicals zasimahla zikhutshwa, ezikhawulezisa ukuguga nokufa kweeseli.
Ezi ngxaki zikhankanywe ngasentla ziya kuba mbi ngakumbi ngokwandisa ixesha lesenzo se-MPP +, kodwa ukuba i-Ganoderma lucidum extract yongezwa kuyo ngexesha elifanayo, inokuphelisa inxalenye ebulalayo ye-MPP +, kwaye igcine iiseli zemithambo-luvo kunye nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-mitochondria (Umfanekiso). 3).

Umzobo 3 Ukhuseleko lweGanoderma lucidum kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo kunye ne-mitochondria

[Qaphela] Umfanekiso A ubonisa izinga lokufa kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ekhuliswe kwi-vitro.Ixesha elide lesenzo se-neurotoxin MPP+ (1 mM), liphezulu izinga lokufa.Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-Ganoderma lucidum extract yongezwa (800 μg / mL), izinga lokufa kweeseli liya kuncitshiswa kakhulu.

Umfanekiso B yimitochondria kwiseli.I-fluorescent ebomvu yi-mitochondria enomsebenzi oqhelekileyo (ubuchule be-membrane obuqhelekileyo), kunye ne-fluorescent eluhlaza yi-mitochondria engasebenzi kakuhle (ukuncipha kwekhono le-membrane).Okukhona ukuqina kwe-fluorescence eluhlaza, kokukhona i-mitochondria engaqhelekanga.
Indlela enokwenzeka ngayo iGanoderma lucidum ikhusela i-dopamine neurons

Iiprotheyini ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga eziqokelelana kwi-substantia nigra yobuchopho zibangela ukufa kwenani elikhulu le-dopamine neurons, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ye-pathology yesifo sikaParkinson.Ezi proteni zibangela njani ukufa kwe-dopamine neurons, nangona ingacaciswanga ngokupheleleyo, iyaziwa ukuba inxulumene ngokusondeleyo "nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-mitochondrial" kunye "nokwanda koxinzelelo lwe-oxidative" kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo.Ke ngoko, ukukhuselwa kwe-mitochondria kuba sisitshixo esibalulekileyo sokulibazisa ukuwohloka kwesi sifo.
Abaphandi bathi izifundo ezininzi kwixesha elidlulileyo zathi i-Ganoderma lucidum ikhusela iiseli ze-nerve ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokulwa ne-antioxidant, kwaye iimvavanyo zabo ziye zaqaphela ukuba i-Ganoderma lucidum extract inokugcina umsebenzi kunye nomgangatho we-mitochondria phantsi kwesiseko sokuphazamiseka kwangaphandle ukuze i-mitochondria engasebenzi kakuhle ayiyi kuqokelelwa. kakhulu kwiiseli ze-nerve kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphila kweeseli ze-nerve;kwelinye icala, i-Ganoderma lucidum extract inokuthintela indlela ye-apoptosis kunye ne-autophagy ukuba isebenze, ukunciphisa ithuba lokuba iiseli ze-nerve zibulale ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwangaphandle.
Kuyavela ukuba i-Ganoderma lucidum inokukhusela i-dopamine neurons ngeendlela ezininzi, ezivumela ukuba ziphile phantsi kohlaselo lweeprotheni ezinetyhefu.
Ukongeza, abaphandi baye baqaphela kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo yeentsana zempuku ezisanda kuzalwa ukuba i-neurotoxin MPP + iyakunciphisa kakhulu ukuhamba kwe-mitochondria kwii-axons, kodwa ukuba ikhuselwe yi-Ganoderma lucidum extract ngaxeshanye, ukuhamba kwe-mitochondria Yiba bukhali ngakumbi.
Iiseli zemithambo-luvo zahlukile kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo.Ukongeza kumzimba weseli, ikwakhula "iintente" ezinde ukusuka kumzimba weseli ukuhambisa imichiza ekhutshelwe ngumzimba weseli.Xa i-mitochondria ihamba ngokukhawuleza, inkqubo yokudlulisela iya kuba lula.Esi sesinye isizathu sokuba izigulana okanye iimpuku ezinesifo sikaParkinson ezitya iGanoderma lucidum zinokugcina isakhono sokuzilolonga esingcono.
I-Ganoderma lucidum inceda izigulane zihlalisane ngoxolo kunye nesifo sika-Parkinson

Okwangoku, alikho iyeza elinokuphelisa isifo sikaParkinson.Abantu banokuzama kuphela ukulibazisa ukuwohloka kwesi sifo ngelixa ukugcina umsebenzi we-mitochondria kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo kuthathwa njengesicwangciso esinokwenzeka sokulungelelanisa.
Zininzi izinto ezifanayo phakathi kwe-neurotoxins esetyenziswa kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana olukhankanywe ngasentla kunye novavanyo lweeseli kunye neprotheyini eyityhefu eyenza isifo sikaParkinson ebantwini kwindlela yabo yokwenzakalisa i-dopamine neurons.Ngoko ke, umphumo we-Ganoderma lucidum extract kuvavanyo olungentla mhlawumbi yindlela i-Ganoderma lucidum extract ekhusela ngayo izigulane ezine-Parkinson's disease ekusebenzeni kweklinikhi, kwaye umphumo unokufumaneka "ngokutya".
Nangona kunjalo, njengeziphumo ezibonwa ebantwini, izilwanyana kunye neeseli, iGanoderma lucidum inceda ukulibazisa ukuwohloka kwesi sifo kunokuphelisa isifo.Ke ngoko, indima ye-Ganoderma lucidum extract kwi-Parkinson's disease ayifanele ibe yinto yokudibana okwethutyana kodwa ibe bubudlelwane bexesha elide.
Ekubeni singenakusiphelisa esi sifo, sinokufunda ukuphila naso size sinciphise ukuphazamisa kwaso emizimbeni nakubomi bethu.Oku kufuneka kube ngokubaluleka kweGanoderma lucidum kwisifo sikaParkinson.
[Umthombo] Ren ZL, et al.Isicatshulwa seGanoderma lucidum siphucula i-MPTP-induced parkinsonism kwaye ikhusela i-dopaminergic neurons kuxinzelelo lwe-oxidative ngokulawula umsebenzi we-mitochondrial, i-autophagy, kunye ne-apoptosis.Acta Pharmacol Sin.2019 Epreli; 40 (4): 441-450.
ISIPHELO
Malunga nombhali/ Nksz. Wu Tingyao
U-Wu Tingyao uye wabika malunga nolwazi lokuqala lwe-Ganoderma ukususela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali we-Healing with Ganoderma (epapashwe kwi-People's Medical Publishing House ngo-Ephreli 2017).

★ Eli nqaku lipapashwe phantsi kogunyaziso olulodwa lombhali.★ Le misebenzi ingasentla ayinakuphinda iveliswe, icatshulwe okanye isetyenziswe ngezinye iindlela ngaphandle kokugunyaziswa ngumbhali.★ Ukwaphulwa kwengxelo engentla, umbhali uya kulandela uxanduva olusemthethweni olufanelekileyo.★ Umbhalo wokuqala weli nqaku ubhalwe ngesiTshayina nguWu Tingyao waza waguqulelwa kwisiNgesi nguAlfred Liu.Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukungangqinelani phakathi kwenguqulelo (isiNgesi) kunye neyoqobo (isiTshayina), isiTshayina sokuqala siya koyisa.Ukuba abafundi banayo nayiphi na imibuzo, nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali wokuqala, uNks. Wu Tingyao.