Epulo 2019 / Chipatala cha Xuanwu, Capital Medical University, Beijing / Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Mawu/Wu Tingyao

Kodi Ganoderma lucidum imathandizira odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson (PD)?
Gulu lotsogozedwa ndi Chen Biao, pulofesa wa minyewa komanso director of Parkinson's Disease Research, Diagnose and Treatment Center pachipatala cha Xuanwu, Capital Medical University, Beijing, adafalitsa lipoti la kafukufuku mu Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (Chinese Journal of Pharmacology) mu Epulo 2019. ndikoyenera kutchulidwa kwanu.
Kuwona kuthekera kwa Ganoderma lucidum kukonza matenda a Parkinson kuchokera ku mayeso azachipatala ndi kuyesa kwa ma cell

Gulu lofufuza linanena mu lipotili kuti lidawonapo kale mphamvu ya Ganoderma lucidum extract mwa odwala 300 omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson mu mayesero achipatala omwe amayendetsedwa mwachisawawa, akhungu awiri, omwe amayendetsedwa ndi placebo: matenda a phunzirolo kuyambira gawo loyamba (zizindikiro). kuwonekera mbali imodzi ya thupi) mpaka gawo lachinayi (wodwala amafunikira thandizo pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku koma akhoza kuyenda yekha).Pambuyo pazaka ziwiri zotsatiridwa, zimapezeka kuti kugwiritsira ntchito pakamwa pa magalamu 4 a Ganoderma lucidum Tingafinye patsiku kungachepetse kuwonongeka kwa dyskinesia ya wodwalayo.Ngakhale zotsatira za kafukufukuyu sizinasindikizidwe, zapereka kale gulu lofufuza mwachidule za zotheka zina za Ganoderma lucidum mwa odwala.
Kuphatikiza apo, adapezapo kale muzoyeserera zama cell kuti chotsitsa cha Ganoderma lucidum chingalepheretse kuyambitsa kwa microglia (maselo a chitetezo chamthupi muubongo) ndikupewa kuwonongeka kwa ma dopamine neurons (maselo amitsempha omwe amatulutsa dopamine) chifukwa chotupa kwambiri.Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zidasindikizidwa mu "Umboni Wothandizira Wothandizira ndi Njira Zina" mu 2011.
Kufa kwakukulu kwa ma dopamine neurons mu substantia nigra ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Parkinson, chifukwa dopamine ndi neurotransmitter yofunikira kwambiri kuti ubongo uzitha kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a minofu.Kuchuluka kwa dopamine kumachepetsedwa kufika pamlingo wina, odwala amayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro za Parkinson monga kugwirana manja ndi mapazi mosadzifunira, miyendo yolimba, kuyenda pang'onopang'ono, ndi kaimidwe kosakhazikika (kosavuta kugwa chifukwa cha kutayika bwino).
Chifukwa chake, zoyeserera pamwambapa zikuwonetsa kuti chotsitsa cha Ganoderma lucidum chimateteza ma dopamine neurons, omwe ayenera kukhala ofunikira pa matenda a Parkinson.Kaya chitetezo choterechi chikhoza kukhazikitsidwa m'thupi, ndipo ndi njira yanji yomwe Ganoderma lucidum amagwiritsa ntchito kuteteza dopamine neurons ndi cholinga cha gulu lofufuza mu lipoti lofalitsidwa.
Makoswe omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe amadya Ganoderma lucidum amakhala ndi miyendo yocheperako.

Ganoderma lucidum yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera ndikukonzekera kopangidwa ndi Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body extract, yomwe ili ndi 10% polysaccharides, 0.3-0.4% ganoderic acid A ndi 0.3-0.4% ergosterol.
Ofufuzawo adabaya koyamba neurotoxin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) mu mbewa kuti apangitse zizindikiro zofananira ndi matenda a Parkinson ndikuchiritsa mbewa ndi intragastric intragastric management ya 400 mg/kg. Ganoderma lucidum kuchotsa.Pambuyo pa milungu inayi, mbewa zinayesedwa kuti zimatha kuwongolera kayendetsedwe ka miyendo ndi kuyesa kwa beam kuyenda ndi kuyesa kwa rotarod.
Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti poyerekeza ndi mbewa ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe sanatetezedwe ndi Ganoderma lucidum, mbewa za matenda a Parkinson omwe anadya Ganoderma lucidum amatha kudutsa mtengo wokhazikika mofulumira ndikupitiriza kuthamanga pa rotarod kwa nthawi yaitali, makamaka pafupifupi gulu lolamulira. mbewa zabwinobwino pamayeso a rotarod (Chithunzi 1).Zotsatira zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mosalekeza kwa Ganoderma lucidum extract kumatha kuchepetsa vuto la kusuntha kwa miyendo chifukwa cha matenda a Parkinson.

Chithunzi 1 Zotsatira za kudya Ganoderma lucidum kwa milungu inayi pakuyenda kwa miyendo ya mbewa ndi matenda a Parkinson.

Ntchito yoyenda pansi
Ntchito yoyenda pamtengowo inali kuika mbewa pamtengo wolenjekeka (masentimita 50 kuchokera pansi), mtengo wopapatiza (masentimita 100 m’litali, 1.0 m’lifupi, ndi 1.0 cm wamtali).Pakuphunzitsidwa ndi kuyezetsa, mbewa idayikidwa pamalo oyambira moyang'anizana ndi khola la kwawo, ndipo wotchi yoyimitsa idayamba nthawi yomweyo nyamayo itatulutsidwa.Magwiridwe ake adawunikidwa pojambula kuchedwa kwa nyama kuti idutse mtengowo.
Rotarod ntchito
Mu ntchito ya rotarod, magawo adayikidwa motere: liwiro loyamba, maulendo asanu pamphindi (rpm);liwiro lalikulu, 30 ndi 40 rpm pa 300 s.Nthawi yomwe mbewa zidatsalira pa rotarod zidalembedwa zokha.
Makoswe omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe amadya Ganoderma lucidum amakhala ndi kutaya pang'ono kwa ma dopamine neurons.

Powunika minofu yaubongo ya mbewa zoyeserera pamwambapa, zidapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa ma dopamine neurons mu substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) kapena striatum a mbewa omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe adadyetsedwa Ganoderma lucidum anali owirikiza kapena kupitilira apo. kuposa mbewa zodwala popanda chitetezo cha Ganoderma lucidum (Chithunzi 2).
Ma dopamine neurons a substantia nigra minofu ya muubongo amakhazikika kwambiri mu substantia nigra pars compacta, ndipo ma dopamine neurons pano amafikiranso ku striatum.Dopamine yochokera ku substantia nigra pars compacta imatumizidwa ku striatum m'njira iyi, kenako ndikutumiza uthenga wowongolera kutsika.Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa ma dopamine neurons m'magawo awiriwa ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa matenda a Parkinson.
Mwachiwonekere, zotsatira zoyesera mu Chithunzi 2 zikuwonetsa kuti kwa mbewa zomwe zili ndi matenda a Parkinson, chotsitsa cha Ganoderma lucidum chingateteze ma dopamine neurons a substantia nigra pars compacta ndi striatum nthawi yomweyo.Ndipo chitetezo choterechi chikufotokozeranso chifukwa chake mbewa zomwe zili ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe amadya Ganoderma lucidum amakhala ndi mphamvu zamagalimoto.

Chithunzi 2 Zotsatira za kudya Ganoderma lucidum kwa milungu inayi pa dopamine neurons mu ubongo wa mbewa ndi matenda a Parkinson.
[Zindikirani] Chithunzi C chikuwonetsa kudetsedwa kwa gawo la ubongo wa mbewa.Magawo achikuda ndi ma dopamine neurons.Mtundu wakuda kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa ma dopamine neurons.Zithunzi A ndi B zimachokera pa Chithunzi C kuwerengera ma dopamine neurons.
Ganoderma lucidum imateteza kupulumuka kwa maselo amitsempha ndikusunga ntchito ya mitochondria.

Kuti mumvetsetse momwe chotsitsa cha Ganoderma lucidum chimatetezera ma dopamine neurons, ofufuzawo adawusanthulanso kudzera pakuyesa kwa ma cell.Zinapezeka kuti co-culturing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +) ndi maselo a mitsempha ya mbewa sizinapangitse kuti maselo ambiri a mitsempha afe komanso kusokonezeka kwa mitochondrial mkati mwa maselo (Chithunzi 3).
Mitochondria amatchedwa "ma cell generator", gwero lamphamvu la ma cell.Mitochondria ikagwa m'mavuto osokonekera, sikuti mphamvu yokha (ATP) yopangidwa imachepetsedwa kwambiri, koma ma radicals ambiri aulere amatulutsidwa, omwe amathandizira kukalamba ndi kufa kwa maselo.
Mavuto omwe tawatchulawa adzakhala aakulu kwambiri ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya MPP +, koma ngati Ganoderma lucidum extract ikuwonjezeredwa panthawi imodzimodziyo, imatha kuthetsa kupha pang'ono kwa MPP +, ndikusunga maselo ambiri a mitsempha ndi mitochondria yogwira ntchito bwino (Chithunzi. 3).

Chithunzi 3 Chitetezo cha Ganoderma lucidum pama cell a mitsempha ya mbewa ndi mitochondria

[Zindikirani] Chithunzi A chikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kufa kwa ma cell a mitsempha ya mbewa opangidwa mu vitro.Kutalikirapo kwa nthawi yochitapo kanthu ya neurotoxin MPP+ (1 mM), ndiye kuti chiwopsezo cha kufa chimakwera.Komabe, ngati chotsitsa cha Ganoderma lucidum chiwonjezedwa (800 μg/mL), kuchuluka kwa kufa kwa cell kudzachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Chithunzi B ndi mitochondria mu selo.Fulorosenti yofiyira ndi mitochondria yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino (kuthekera kwa nembanemba wamba), ndipo fulorosenti yobiriwira ndi mitochondria yomwe ili ndi vuto lolephera kugwira ntchito (kuchepa kwa nembanemba).Pamene fulorosisi yobiriwira imachulukira, m'pamenenso mitochondria yosadziwika bwino.
Njira yotheka yomwe Ganoderma lucidum imateteza ma dopamine neurons

Mapuloteni ambiri achilendo omwe amaunjikana mu substantia nigra ya ubongo amayambitsa kufa kwa ma dopamine neurons, omwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la matenda a Parkinson.Momwe mapuloteniwa amawonongera imfa ya dopamine neurons, ngakhale kuti sizinafotokozedwe bwino, zimadziwika kuti zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi "mitochondrial dysfunction" ndi "oxidative stress kuchuluka" m'maselo a mitsempha.Chifukwa chake, chitetezo cha mitochondria chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri pakuchedwetsa kuwonongeka kwa matendawa.
Ofufuza adanena kuti maphunziro ambiri m'mbuyomu adanena kuti Ganoderma lucidum imateteza maselo a mitsempha kudzera mu njira zowononga antioxidant, ndipo zoyesa zawo zawona kuti Ganoderma lucidum Tingafinye amatha kusunga ntchito ndi khalidwe la mitochondria chifukwa cha kusokoneza kwa kunja kotero kuti mitochondria yosagwira ntchito isadziunjike. kwambiri m'maselo a mitsempha ndikufupikitsa moyo wa maselo a mitsempha;Komano, Ganoderma lucidum Tingafinye kungathenso kuteteza limagwirira apoptosis ndi autophagy kuti adamulowetsa, kuchepetsa mwayi kuti mitsempha mitsempha adzipha okha chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kunja.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti Ganoderma lucidum imatha kuteteza ma dopamine neurons m'njira zambiri, kuwalola kuti apulumuke povutitsidwa ndi mapuloteni oopsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuzawo adawonanso m'maselo a ubongo a ana akhanda a mbewa kuti neurotoxin MPP + idzachepetsa kwambiri kusuntha kwa mitochondria mu ma axon, koma ngati itatetezedwa ndi Ganoderma lucidum extract panthawi imodzimodzi, kuyenda kwa mitochondria kudzathandiza. khalani wofulumira.
Maselo a mitsempha ndi osiyana ndi maselo wamba.Kuphatikiza pa maselo, imakulanso "matenda" aatali kuchokera ku selo kuti atumize zinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi selo.Pamene mitochondria imayenda mofulumira, njira yopatsirana imakhala yosalala.Ichi mwina ndi chifukwa china chomwe odwala kapena mbewa omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson omwe amadya Ganoderma lucidum amatha kukhala ndi luso lochita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Ganoderma lucidum imathandiza odwala kukhala mwamtendere ndi matenda a Parkinson

Pakali pano, palibe mankhwala amene angathetse matenda a Parkinson.Anthu amatha kuyesa kuchedwetsa kuwonongeka kwa matendawa pomwe kusunga ntchito ya mitochondria m'maselo amitsempha kumawonedwa ngati njira yosinthira yotheka.
Pali zofanana zambiri pakati pa ma neurotoxin omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa nyama zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa ndi kuyesa kwa ma cell ndi mapuloteni oopsa omwe amayambitsa matenda a Parkinson mwa anthu munjira yawo yowononga ma dopamine neurons.Choncho, zotsatira za Ganoderma lucidum Tingafinye mu zoyesera pamwambapa mwina njira Ganoderma lucidum Tingafinye amateteza odwala Parkinson matenda mchitidwe wachipatala, ndipo zotsatira angapezeke mwa "kudya".
Komabe, monga zotsatira zomwe zimawonedwa mwa anthu, nyama ndi maselo, Ganoderma lucidum imathandiza kuchedwetsa kuwonongeka kwa matendawa m'malo mothetsa matendawa.Chifukwa chake, gawo la Ganoderma lucidum Tingafinye mu matenda a Parkinson sikuyenera kukhala kukumana kwakanthawi koma kukhala paubwenzi wanthawi yayitali.
Popeza kuti sitingathe kuthetsa matendawa, tingaphunzire kukhala nawo ndi kuchepetsa kusokoneza matupi athu ndi miyoyo yathu.Izi ziyenera kukhala tanthauzo la Ganoderma lucidum pa matenda a Parkinson.
[Source] Ren ZL, et al.Kutulutsa kwa Ganoderma lucidum kumathandizira MPTP-induced parkinsonism ndikuteteza ma dopaminergic neurons ku nkhawa ya okosijeni kudzera pakuwongolera ntchito ya mitochondrial, autophagy, ndi apoptosis.Acta Pharmacol Sin.2019 Apr; 40 (4): 441-450.
TSIRIZA
Za wolemba/ Mayi Wu Tingyao
Wu Tingyao wakhala akufotokoza zambiri za Ganoderma kuyambira 1999. Iye ndi mlembi wa Healing with Ganoderma (yofalitsidwa mu The People's Medical Publishing House mu April 2017).

★ Nkhaniyi yasindikizidwa pansi pa chilolezo cha wolemba.★ Ntchito zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingathe kupangidwanso, kuchotsedwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira ina popanda chilolezo cha wolemba.★ Pakuphwanya mawu omwe ali pamwambawa, wolemba adzatsata maudindo oyenera azamalamulo.★ Zolemba zoyambirira za nkhaniyi zidalembedwa m'Chitchaina ndi Wu Tingyao ndikumasulira m'Chingerezi ndi Alfred Liu.Ngati pali kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa kumasulira (Chingerezi) ndi choyambirira (Chitchaina), Chitchaina choyambirira chidzapambana.Ngati owerenga ali ndi mafunso, lemberani wolemba woyamba, Mayi Wu Tingyao.