Mata 2019 / Ibitaro bya Xuanwu, Kaminuza Nkuru y’Ubuvuzi, Pekin / Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Inyandiko / Wu Tingyao

Ese Ganoderma lucidum igira uruhare mu barwayi barwaye indwara ya Parkinson (PD)?
Itsinda riyobowe na Chen Biao, umwarimu w’ubuvuzi bw’imyororokere akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku ndwara ya Parkinson, mu gusuzuma no kuvura mu bitaro bya Xuanwu, muri kaminuza y’ubuvuzi ya Capital, i Beijing, cyasohoye raporo y’ubushakashatsi muri Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (Ikinyamakuru cy’Ubushinwa cya Pharmacology) muri Mata 2019. It Birakwiriye.
Kubona ubushobozi bwa Ganoderma lucidum yo kuzamura indwara ya Parkinson uhereye kubigeragezo byamavuriro nubushakashatsi bwakagari

Itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryavuze muri iyi raporo ko mbere bari barabonye akamaro k’umusemburo wa Ganoderma lucidum ku barwayi 300 barwaye indwara ya Parkinson mu isuzuma ry’amavuriro atabishaka, impumyi ebyiri, igenzurwa na platbo: inzira y’indwara kuva mu cyiciro cya mbere (ibimenyetso kugaragara kuruhande rumwe rwumubiri) kugeza mugice cya kane (umurwayi akeneye ubufasha mubuzima bwa buri munsi ariko arashobora kugenda wenyine).Nyuma yimyaka ibiri ikurikiranwa, usanga gukoresha umunwa wa garama 4 zumusemburo wa Ganoderma lucidum kumunsi bishobora kugabanya kwangirika kwa dyskinesia yumurwayi.Nubwo ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bitaratangazwa, bimaze guha itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi incamake y’ibishoboka Ganoderma lucidum ku barwayi.
Byongeye kandi, mbere basanze mubushakashatsi bwakagari ko ibimera bya Ganoderma lucidum bishobora kubuza gukora microglia (selile immunite mu bwonko) kandi bikirinda kwangirika kwa neurone ya dopamine (selile nervice isohora dopamine) no gutwikwa cyane.Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byasohotse muri "Ubuhamya bushingiye ku bimenyetso byuzuzanya n’ubundi buryo" mu 2011.
Urupfu runini rwa neurone ya dopamine muri substantia nigra ni yo nyirabayazana w'indwara ya Parkinson, kubera ko dopamine ari neurotransmitter y'ingirakamaro kugira ngo ubwonko bugenzure imikorere y'imitsi.Iyo ingano ya dopamine igabanutse kugera ku rwego runaka, abarwayi bazatangira kubona ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya Parkinson nko kunyeganyeza amaboko n'ibirenge ku bushake, amaguru akomeye, kugenda buhoro, ndetse no guhagarara neza (byoroshye kugwa bitewe no gutakaza uburimbane).
Kubwibyo, ubushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru bwerekana ko ibimera bya Ganoderma lucidum bifite ingaruka zo kurinda neurone ya dopamine, bigomba kuba bifite akamaro kanini ku ndwara ya Parkinson.Niba ingaruka nkizo zo gukingira zishobora gushyirwaho mumubiri, nuburyo ki ibikorwa Ganoderma lucidum ikoresha mukurinda neuron ya dopamine nibyo byibandwaho nitsinda ryubushakashatsi muri raporo yatangajwe.
Imbeba n'indwara ya Parkinson zirya Ganoderma lucidum zifite umuvuduko muke wa moteri.

Ganoderma lucidum ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi ni imyiteguro ikozwe muri Ganoderma lucidum yera imbuto yumubiri, irimo 10% polysaccharide, 0.3-0.4% acide ganoderic A na 0.3-0.4% ergosterol.
Abashakashatsi babanje gutera imbeba ya neurotoxine MPTP (1-methyl-4-fenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) mu mbeba kugira ngo bagaragaze ibimenyetso bisa n'indwara ya Parkinson hanyuma bavura imbeba bakoresheje imiyoborere ya buri munsi ya mg / kg 400 Ganoderma lucidum ikuramo.Nyuma yibyumweru bine, imbeba zasuzumwe ubushobozi bwazo bwo kugenzura imikorere yingingo zipimishije kuringaniza ibiti hamwe na rotarod.
Ibisubizo byerekanye ko ugereranije nimbeba nindwara ya Parkinson zitarinzwe na Ganoderma lucidum, imbeba nindwara ya Parkinson yariye Ganoderma lucidum irashobora kunyura mumurongo wihuse kandi igakomeza kwiruka kuri rotarod igihe kirekire, cyane cyane ugereranije nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura y'imbeba zisanzwe mu kizamini cya rotarod (Ishusho 1).Ibisubizo byose byerekana ko gukomeza gukoresha ibishishwa bya Ganoderma lucidum bishobora kugabanya indwara yimitsi yatewe nindwara ya Parkinson.

Igicapo 1 Ingaruka zo kurya Ganoderma lucidum kumayinga ane kumaguru yimbeba nimbeba nindwara ya Parkinson

Igikorwa cyo kugenda
Igikorwa cyo kugenda kumurongo cyari kigizwe no gushyira imbeba kurihagaritswe (cm 50 hejuru yubutaka), igiti gito cyibiti (cm 100 z'uburebure, cm 1.0 z'ubugari, na cm 1.0 z'uburebure).Mugihe cyo kwitoza no kwipimisha, imbeba yashyizwe mukarere ka mbere ireba akazu kayo, hanyuma isaha yo guhagarara yahise itangira kurekura inyamaswa.Imikorere yasuzumwe no kwandika ubukererwe bwinyamaswa kugirango zinyure ku giti.
Igikorwa cya Rotarod
Mubikorwa bya rotarod, ibipimo byashyizweho kuburyo bukurikira: umuvuduko wambere, impinduramatwara eshanu kumunota (rpm);umuvuduko ntarengwa, 30 na 40 rpm mugihe cya 300 s.Igihe imbeba zagumye kuri rotarod zahise zandikwa.
Imbeba n'indwara ya Parkinson zirya Ganoderma lucidum zifite igihombo cyoroheje cya neurone ya dopamine.

Mu isesengura ry’imiterere yubwonko bwimbeba zavuzwe haruguru, byagaragaye ko umubare wa neuron ya dopamine muri substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) cyangwa striatum yimbeba zifite indwara ya Parkinson wari wagaburiwe Ganoderma lucidum wikubye kabiri cyangwa irenga kuruta iy'imbeba zirwaye nta kurinda Ganoderma lucidum (Ishusho 2).
Dopamine neuron ya substantia nigra tissue yubwonko yibanda cyane muri substantia nigra pars compacta, na neuron ya dopamine hano nayo igera kuri striatum.Dopamine ivuye muri substantia nigra pars compacta yanduzwa kuri striatum kuriyi nzira, hanyuma ikomeza kohereza ubutumwa bwo kugenzura kugenda hepfo.Kubwibyo, umubare wa neuron ya dopamine muri ibi bice byombi ni ingenzi cyane mu iterambere ry’indwara ya Parkinson.
Ikigaragara ni uko ibisubizo byubushakashatsi ku gishushanyo cya 2 byerekana ko ku mbeba zifite uburwayi bwa Parkinson, ibimera bya Ganoderma lucidum bishobora kurinda neurone ya dopamine ya neuron ya substantia nigra pars compacta na striatum icyarimwe.Izi ngaruka zo gukingira kandi zisobanura ku rugero runaka impamvu imbeba zifite indwara ya Parkinson zirya Ganoderma lucidum zifite ubushobozi bwa moteri.

Igishushanyo 2 Ingaruka zo kurya Ganoderma lucidum ibyumweru bine kuri neuron ya dopamine mubwonko bwimbeba nindwara ya Parkinson
[Icyitonderwa] Igishushanyo C cyerekana irangi ryimbeba igice cyubwonko bwubwonko.Ibice byamabara ni neuron ya dopamine.Ibara ryijimye, niko umubare munini wa dopamine neuron.Imibare A na B ishingiye ku gishushanyo C cyo kugereranya neuron ya dopamine.
Ganoderma lucidum irinda kubaho kwingirabuzimafatizo kandi ikomeza imikorere ya mitochondria

Kugirango twumve uburyo ibimera bya Ganoderma lucidum birinda neuron ya dopamine, abashakashatsi bakomeje kubisesengura bakoresheje ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na selile.Byagaragaye ko gufatanya na neurotoxine 1-methyl-4-fenylpyridinium (MPP +) hamwe n’imitsi y’imitsi y’imbeba itumye umubare munini w’ingirabuzimafatizo zipfa gusa ahubwo binakora imikorere mibi ya mitochondial mu ngirabuzimafatizo (Ishusho 3).
Mitochondria yitwa "generator selile", isoko y'ingufu zo gukora selile.Iyo mitochondriya iguye mubibazo byo kudakora neza, ntabwo ingufu (ATP) zakozwe gusa zigabanuka cyane, ariko harekurwa radicals yubusa, byihutisha gusaza nimpfu zingirabuzimafatizo.
Ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru bizarushaho gukomera hamwe no kwagura igihe cyibikorwa bya MPP +, ariko niba ibimera bya Ganoderma lucidum byongewemo icyarimwe, birashobora gukuraho urupfu rwa MPP +, kandi bikagumana ingirabuzimafatizo nyinshi n’imikorere isanzwe ya mitochondriya (Ishusho 3).

Igicapo 3 Ingaruka zo gukingira Ganoderma lucidum kuri selile nervice na mitochondria

[Icyitonderwa] Igicapo A cerekana igipimo c'imfu z'uturemangingo tw'imbeba zifite imitsi muri vitro.Igihe kinini cyibikorwa bya neurotoxine MPP + (1 mM), niko impfu ziyongera.Ariko, niba ibishishwa bya Ganoderma lucidum byongeweho (800 μg / mL), impfu ziterwa ningirabuzimafatizo zizagabanuka cyane.

Ishusho B ni mitochondriya muri selire.Florescent itukura ni mitochondriya ifite imikorere isanzwe (ubushobozi busanzwe bwa membrane), naho icyatsi kibisi ni mitochondriya ifite imikorere idahwitse (ubushobozi bwa membrane ishobora kugabanuka).Uko imbaraga nyinshi za fluorescence, niko mitochondriya idasanzwe.
Uburyo bushoboka Ganoderma lucidum irinda neuron ya dopamine

Poroteyine nyinshi zidasanzwe zegeranya muri nigra yo mu bwonko itera urupfu rwa neuron nyinshi ya dopamine, kikaba aricyo kintu cyingenzi cy’indwara ya Parkinson.Uburyo izo poroteyine zitera urupfu rwa neurone ya dopamine, nubwo itarasobanurwa neza, izwiho kuba ifitanye isano rya bugufi n '“imikorere mibi ya mitochondrial” na “stress oxydeide” mu ngirabuzimafatizo.Kubwibyo rero, kurinda mitochondriya biba urufunguzo rwingenzi rwo gutinda kwangirika kwindwara.
Abashakashatsi bavuze ko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwakozwe mu bihe byashize bwavuze ko Ganoderma lucidum irinda ingirabuzimafatizo binyuze mu buryo bwa antioxydeant, kandi ubushakashatsi bwabo bwerekanye ko ibimera bya Ganoderma lucidum bishobora gukomeza imikorere n’ubuziranenge bwa mitochondriya biturutse ku kwivanga hanze kugira ngo mitochondriya idakora neza. cyane mu ngirabuzimafatizo no kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho kwa selile;kurundi ruhande, ibishishwa bya Ganoderma lucidum birashobora kandi kubuza uburyo bwa apoptose na autophagy gukora, bikagabanya amahirwe yuko selile nervice ziyahura kubera guhangayika hanze.
Biragaragara ko Ganoderma lucidum ishobora kurinda neurone ya dopamine muburyo bwinshi, ikabasha kubaho mugihe cyibasiwe na poroteyine z'ubumara.
Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi banabonye mu ngirabuzimafatizo z’ubwonko bw’impinja zivuka ko neurotoxine MPP + izagabanya cyane umuvuduko wa mitochondriya muri axon, ariko niba irinzwe na Ganoderma lucidum icyarimwe, kugenda kwa mitochondria bizagenda jya ushishikara.
Ingirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye na selile zisanzwe.Usibye umubiri wa selile, ikura kandi "amahema" maremare kuva mumubiri kugirango yanduze ibintu byimiti isohoka mumubiri.Iyo mitochondria yimutse vuba, inzira yo kwanduza izaba yoroshye.Iyi ishobora kuba ari indi mpamvu ituma abarwayi cyangwa imbeba barwaye indwara ya Parkinson barya Ganoderma lucidum bashobora gukomeza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
Ganoderma lucidum ifasha abarwayi kubana mu mahoro n'indwara ya Parkinson

Kugeza ubu, nta muti ushobora guhindura inzira y’indwara ya Parkinson.Abantu barashobora gusa kugerageza gutinda kwangirika kwindwara mugihe bakomeza imikorere ya mitochondriya mungirangingo zifata ingamba zifatika zo kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Hariho byinshi bisa hagati ya neurotoxine ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwibikoko byavuzwe haruguru hamwe nubushakashatsi bwakagari hamwe na proteine ​​yubumara itera indwara ya Parkinson mubantu muburyo bwabo bwo kwangiza neurone ya dopamine.Kubwibyo, ingaruka zumusemburo wa Ganoderma lucidum mubushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru birashoboka ko aribwo buryo bwa Ganoderma lucidum burinda abarwayi bafite indwara ya Parkinson mubikorwa byubuvuzi, kandi ingaruka zishobora kugerwaho no "kurya".
Nyamara, kimwe n'ibisubizo bigaragara mu bantu, ku nyamaswa no mu ngirabuzimafatizo, Ganoderma lucidum ifasha gutinda kwangirika kw'indwara aho gukuraho indwara.Kubwibyo, uruhare rwa Ganoderma lucidum ikuramo indwara ya Parkinson ntirukwiye guhura nigihe gito ahubwo ni ubusabane bwigihe kirekire.
Kubera ko tudashobora kurangiza indwara, dushobora kwiga kubana nayo no kugabanya kwivanga kwimibiri yacu nubuzima.Ibi bigomba kuba insobanuro ya Ganoderma lucidum ku ndwara ya Parkinson.
[Inkomoko] Ren ZL, n'abandi.Ganoderma lucidum ikuramo parike ya MPTP iterwa na MPinson kandi ikarinda neuron ya dopaminergique itera imbaraga za okiside ikoresheje imikorere ya mitochondial, autophagy, na apoptose.Acta Pharmacol Icyaha.2019 Mata; 40 (4): 441-450.
IHEREZO
Ibyerekeye umwanditsi / Madamu Wu Tingyao
Wu Tingyao yagiye atanga amakuru ku makuru ya Ganoderma kuva mu 1999. Ni umwanditsi wa Healing hamwe na Ganoderma (yasohotse mu gitabo cy’ubuvuzi cy’abaturage muri Mata 2017).

★ Iyi ngingo yasohowe uruhushya rwihariye rwumwanditsi.Works Ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru ntibishobora gusubirwamo, gucibwa cyangwa gukoreshwa mubundi buryo utabiherewe uburenganzira n'umwanditsi.★ Kurenga ku magambo yavuzwe haruguru, umwanditsi azakurikirana inshingano zemewe n'amategeko.Text Umwandiko wumwimerere wiyi ngingo wanditswe mu gishinwa na Wu Tingyao uhindurwa mu cyongereza na Alfred Liu.Niba hari itandukaniro riri hagati yubuhinduzi (icyongereza) numwimerere (igishinwa), igishinwa cyumwimerere kizatsinda.Niba abasomyi bafite ikibazo, nyamuneka hamagara umwanditsi wambere, Madamu Wu Tingyao.