ʻApelila 2019 / Halemai Xuanwu, Ke Kulanui Lapaʻau Kapitala, Beijing / Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

Text/Wu Tingyao

Hāʻawi anei ʻo Ganoderma lucidum i nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi o Parkinson (PD)?
ʻO kahi hui i alakaʻi ʻia e Chen Biao, ke kaukaʻi o ka neurology a me ka luna o ka Parkinson's Disease Research, Diagnose and Treatment Center ma Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, i paʻi i kahi hōʻike noiʻi ma Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (Chinese Journal of Pharmacology) i ʻApelila 2019. kūpono i kāu kuhikuhi.
ʻIke i ka hiki o Ganoderma lucidum e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻi o Parkinson mai nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a me nā hoʻokolohua cell

Ua hōʻike ka hui noiʻi i loko o kēia hōʻike ua ʻike mua lākou i ka maikaʻi o Ganoderma lucidum extract i nā maʻi 300 me ka maʻi o Parkinson i kahi hoʻāʻo hoʻāʻo ʻokoʻa, pālua-makapō, placebo-controlled clinical trial: ke kumu o ka maʻi mai ka pae mua (nā hōʻailona. ʻike ʻia ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino) a hiki i ka pae ʻehā (pono ka mea maʻi i ke kōkua i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā akā hiki ke hele ma kāna iho).Ma hope o ʻelua mau makahiki o ka hahai ʻana, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka lawelawe waha o 4 grams o Ganoderma lucidum extract i kēlā me kēia lā hiki ke hoʻolohi i ka deterioration o ka dyskinesia o ka mea maʻi.ʻOiai ʻaʻole i paʻi ʻia nā hopena o kēia noiʻi, ua hāʻawi mua ia i ka hui noiʻi i kahi ʻike o kekahi mau mea hiki o Ganoderma lucidum i nā maʻi.
Eia kekahi, ua loaʻa mua iā lākou i loko o nā hoʻokolohua cell e hiki ai i ka Ganoderma lucidum extract ke kāohi i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o microglia (imune cell i loko o ka lolo) a pale i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā neurons dopamine (nā puʻupuʻu nerve e huna ana i ka dopamine) ma o ka ʻeha nui.Ua paʻi ʻia kēia hopena noiʻi ma "Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine" ma 2011.
ʻO ka make nui o nā neurons dopamine i loko o ka substantia nigra ke kumu o ka maʻi o Parkinson, no ka mea, ʻo ka dopamine kahi neurotransmitter ponoʻole no ka lolo e hoʻoponopono i ka hana ʻiʻo.Ke hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka dopamine i kahi pae, e hoʻomaka ka poʻe maʻi e ʻike i nā hōʻailona maʻamau o Parkinson e like me ka lulu ʻole ʻana o nā lima a me nā wāwae, nā lālā ʻoʻoleʻa, ka neʻe lohi, a me ke kūlana paʻa ʻole (maʻalahi ke hāʻule ma muli o ka nalowale o ke kaulike).
No laila, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma luna aʻe he hopena ko Ganoderma lucidum extract i ka pale ʻana i nā neurons dopamine, he mea nui ia no ka maʻi o Parkinson.Inā hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hopena pale i loko o ke kino, a he aha ke ʻano o ka hana a Ganoderma lucidum e hoʻohana ai e pale i nā neurons dopamine ke kumu o ka hui noiʻi ma ka hōʻike i paʻi ʻia.
ʻO nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson e ʻai ana i ka Ganoderma lucidum, ʻoi aku ka lohi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā kaʻa.

ʻO ka Ganoderma lucidum i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻokolohua he mea hoʻomākaukau i hana ʻia e Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body extract, nona ka 10% polysaccharides, 0.3-0.4% ganoderic acid A a me 0.3-0.4% ergosterol.
Ua hoʻokomo mua nā mea noiʻi i ka neurotoxin MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) i loko o nā ʻiole e hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona like me ka maʻi o Parkinson a laila mālama i nā ʻiole me ka hoʻokele intragastric i kēlā me kēia lā o 400 mg / kg ʻO Ganoderma lucidum extract.Ma hope o ʻehā pule, ua loiloi ʻia nā ʻiole no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka neʻe ʻana o nā lālā ma o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hele wāwae kaulike a me ka hoʻāʻo rotarod.
Ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson i pale ʻole ʻia e Ganoderma lucidum, ʻo nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson i ʻai iā Ganoderma lucidum hiki ke hele wikiwiki i ka beam koena a hoʻomau i ka holo ma ka rotarod no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka pili i ka pūʻulu mana. o nā ʻiole maʻamau i ka hoʻāʻo rotarod (Figure 1).Hōʻike kēia mau hopena i ka hoʻohana mau ʻana o Ganoderma lucidum extract hiki ke hōʻoluʻolu i ka neʻe ʻana o nā lālā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi o Parkinson.

Kiʻi 1 ʻO ka hopena o ka ʻai ʻana i ka Ganoderma lucidum no ʻehā pule i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson.

Hana hele wāwae
ʻO ka hana hele wāwae ʻo ia ke kau ʻana i ka ʻiole ma luna o kahi kaʻa (50 knm ma luna o ka papahele), ka lāʻau lāʻau haiki (100 knm ka lōʻihi, 1.0 knm laula, a me 1.0 knm ke kiʻekiʻe).I ka wā o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ua hoʻonoho ʻia ka ʻiole ma ke kahua hoʻomaka e kū pono ana i kona hale hale, a ua hoʻomaka koke ka wati ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka holoholona.Ua loiloi ʻia ka hana ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka latency o ka holoholona no ka hele ʻana i ke kukui.
ʻO ka hana Rotarod
Ma ka hana rotarod, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻāpana penei: ka wikiwiki mua, ʻelima mau kipi i kēlā me kēia minuke (rpm);ka wikiwiki loa, 30 a me 40 rpm ma luna o 300 mau kekona.Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o nā ʻiole ma ka rotarod.
ʻO nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson e ʻai ana iā Ganoderma lucidum, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka nalowale o nā neurons dopamine.

I ka nānā ʻana i ka lolo o nā ʻiole hoʻokolohua ma luna, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka nui o nā neurons dopamine i loko o ka substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) a i ʻole striatum o nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson i hānai ʻia iā Ganoderma lucidum he pālua a ʻoi aku paha. ma mua o ko na iole ma'i me ka pale ole Ganoderma lucidum (Kii 2).
ʻO nā neurons dopamine o ka ʻiʻo substantia nigra o ka lolo ka mea nui i ka substantia nigra pars compacta, a ʻo nā neurons dopamine ma ʻaneʻi e hoʻonui i ka striatum.Hoʻouna ʻia ka Dopamine mai ka substantia nigra pars compacta i ka striatum ma kēia ala, a laila hoʻouna hou i ka ʻōlelo o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana i lalo.No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ka helu o nā neurons dopamine i kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua no ka ulu ʻana o ka maʻi o Parkinson.
ʻIke loa, hōʻike nā hopena hoʻokolohua ma ke Kiʻi 2 no nā ʻiole me ka maʻi o Parkinson, hiki i ka Ganoderma lucidum extract ke pale i nā neurons dopamine o ka substantia nigra pars compacta a me ka striatum i ka manawa like.A ʻo kēia hopena pale e wehewehe pū i ke kumu i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻiole me ka maʻi Parkinson e ʻai ana iā Ganoderma lucidum.

Kiʻi 2 Ka hopena o ka ʻai ʻana iā Ganoderma lucidum no ʻehā pule ma nā neurons dopamine i loko o ka lolo o nā ʻiole me ka maʻi o Parkinson.
[Note] Hōʻike ka Kiʻi C i ke kala ʻana o kahi ʻāpana ʻiʻo lolo o ka ʻiole.ʻO nā ʻāpana kala he mau neuron dopamine.ʻO ka ʻeleʻele o ke kala, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā neurons dopamine.Hoʻokumu ʻia nā kiʻi A a me B ma ke Kiʻi C e helu i nā neurons dopamine.
Mālama ʻo Ganoderma lucidum i ke ola o nā pūnana nerve a mālama i ka hana o ka mitochondria

I mea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka pale ʻana o Ganoderma lucidum extract i nā neurons dopamine, ua loiloi hou nā mea noiʻi ma o nā hoʻokolohua cell.Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hui pū ʻana i ka neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +) a me nā pūnaewele aʻalolo ʻiole ʻaʻole i make wale ka nui o nā pūnaewele aʻe akā ʻo ka mitochondrial dysfunction i loko o nā cell (Figure 3).
Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Mitochondria he "cell generators", ke kumu ikehu o ka hana kelepona.Ke hāʻule ka mitochondria i loko o ka pilikia o ka dysfunction, ʻaʻole wale ka ikaika (ATP) i hana ʻia e hoʻemi nui ʻia, akā ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā radical manuahi, e hoʻolōʻihi i ka ʻelemakule a me ka make o nā cell.
ʻO nā pilikia i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana o ka manawa hana MPP +, akā inā hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Ganoderma lucidum extract iā ia i ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka lethality hapa o MPP +, a mālama i nā pūnaʻi aʻalolo a me ka mitochondria hana maʻamau (Figure 3).

Kiʻi 3 ʻO ka hopena pale o Ganoderma lucidum ma luna o nā pūnana aʻalolo ʻiole a me ka mitochondria

[Note] Hōʻike ka Kiʻi A i ka make ʻana o nā pūnana aʻalolo ʻiole i moʻomeheu ʻia i loko o ka vitro.ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hana o ka neurotoxin MPP + (1 mM), ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka make.Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Ganoderma lucidum extract (800 μg/mL), e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o ka make cell.

ʻO ke kiʻi B ka mitochondria i loko o ke kelepona.ʻO ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ka mitochondria me ka hana maʻamau (kūpono membrane maʻamau), a ʻo ka fluorescent ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻo ia ka mitochondria me ka hana impaired (e emi iho ka hiki o ka membrane).ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka fluorescence ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mitochondria maʻamau.
ʻO ka hana hiki ke mālama ʻo Ganoderma lucidum i nā neurons dopamine

ʻO ka nui o nā protein abnormal e hōʻiliʻili i loko o ka substantia nigra o ka lolo ke kumu i ka make ʻana o ka nui o nā neurons dopamine, ʻo ia ka hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi o Parkinson.Pehea ka hopena o kēia mau protein i ka make o nā neurons dopamine, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻomaʻamaʻa piha ʻia, ʻike ʻia e pili kokoke ana i ka "mitochondrial dysfunction" a me ka "oxidative stress increase" i loko o nā pūnana nerve.No laila, lilo ka pale o ka mitochondria i mea koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka pōʻino o ka maʻi.
Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe noiʻi he nui nā haʻawina i ka wā ma mua i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Ganoderma lucidum ka pale ʻana i nā pūnaewele nerve ma o nā hana antioxidant, a ua ʻike kā lākou mau hoʻokolohua e hiki i ka Ganoderma lucidum extract ke mālama i ka hana a me ka maikaʻi o ka mitochondria ma lalo o ke kumu o ka hoʻopili ʻana i waho i ʻole e hōʻiliʻili ka mitochondria dysfunctional. nui loa i loko o nā pūnana aʻalolo a hoʻopōkole i ke ola o nā pūnaʻi nerve;ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, hiki i ka Ganoderma lucidum extract ke pale aku i ka hana o ka apoptosis a me ka autophagy mai ka hoʻāla ʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ka manawa e pepehi ai nā pūnana nerve iā lākou iho ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o waho.
ʻIke ʻia e hiki iā Ganoderma lucidum ke pale i nā neurons dopamine ma ke ʻano multi-pronged, e ʻae iā lākou e ola ma lalo o ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā protein ʻona.
Eia kekahi, ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi i loko o nā pūnaʻi nerve lolo o nā pēpē ʻiole hānau hou e hōʻemi nui ka neurotoxin MPP + i ka neʻe o ka mitochondria i nā axons, akā inā pale ʻia e Ganoderma lucidum extract i ka manawa like, e neʻe ka neʻe o ka mitochondria. e oi aku ka maalea.
He ʻokoʻa nā pūnana aʻalolo mai nā pūnaewele maʻamau.Ma waho aʻe o ke kino o ke kino, hoʻonui ʻo ia i nā "tentacles" lōʻihi mai ke kino kelepona e hoʻouna i nā mea kemika i huna ʻia e ke kino kelepona.Ke holo wikiwiki ka mitochondria, e maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana.ʻO kēia paha kekahi kumu e hiki ai i nā poʻe maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​iole me ka maʻi o Parkinson e ʻai ana iā Ganoderma lucidum ke mālama i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoikaika kino.
Kōkua ʻo Ganoderma lucidum i nā poʻe maʻi e noho pū me ka maʻi Parkinson

I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻohuli i ke ala o ka maʻi Parkinson.Hiki i nā kānaka ke ho'āʻo wale e hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ma ka mālama ʻana i ka hana o ka mitochondria i loko o nā pūnana nerve i manaʻo ʻia he hoʻolālā adaptive kūpono.
Nui nā mea like ma waena o nā neurotoxins i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā hoʻokolohua holoholona i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna a me nā hoʻokolohua cell a me ka protein ʻona e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi o Parkinson i loko o nā kānaka i kā lākou hana e hōʻino ai i nā neurons dopamine.No laila, ʻo ka hopena o Ganoderma lucidum extract i loko o nā hoʻokolohua ma luna nei, ʻo ia paha ke ala o Ganoderma lucidum extract e pale ai i nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi o Parkinson i ka hana lapaʻau, a hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena ma ka "ʻai".
Eia nō naʻe, e like me nā hopena i ʻike ʻia i loko o ke kanaka, nā holoholona a me nā pūnaewele, kōkua ʻo Ganoderma lucidum e hoʻopaneʻe i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka maʻi ma mua o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka maʻi.No laila, ʻaʻole pono ka hana a Ganoderma lucidum extract i ka maʻi o Parkinson i kahi manawa pōkole akā he hoa lōʻihi.
No ka hiki ʻole iā mākou ke hoʻopau i ka maʻi, hiki iā mākou ke aʻo e noho pū me ia a hoʻemi i kona keakea ʻana i ko mākou kino a me ko mākou ola.ʻO kēia ka mea nui o Ganoderma lucidum no ka maʻi o Parkinson.
[Puna] Ren ZL, et al.Ganoderma lucidum extract ameliorates MPTP-induced parkinsonism a pale i nā neurons dopaminergic mai ke kaumaha oxidative ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hana mitochondrial, autophagy, a me apoptosis.Acta Pharmacol Sin.2019 Apr;40(4):441-450.
HOPE
No ka mea kākau/ Ms. Wu Tingyao
Ke hōʻike nei ʻo Wu Tingyao i ka ʻike Ganoderma lima mua mai 1999. ʻO ia ka mea kākau o Healing with Ganoderma (i paʻi ʻia ma The People's Medical Publishing House ma ʻApelila 2017).

★ Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma lalo o ka mana kūʻokoʻa o ka mea kākau.★ ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻi hou ʻia nā hana i luna, ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia e ka mea kākau.★ No ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ma luna, e ʻimi ka mea kākau i nā kuleana pili kānāwai.★ Ua kākau ʻia ka kikokikona kumu o kēia ʻatikala ma ka ʻōlelo Pākē e Wu Tingyao a unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania e Alfred Liu.Inā loaʻa kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka unuhi (English) a me ka unuhi mua (Pake), e lanakila ka Pākē mua.Inā he nīnau ka poʻe heluhelu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Ms. Wu Tingyao.