ʻAukake 2017 / Ke Kulanui o Punjab / Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

Text/ Wu Tingyao

Ma mua o ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā ʻike hou a ka poʻe ʻepekema e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o reishi i ka amnesia, e nānā kākou i kekahi mau manaʻo a me nā huaʻōlelo.

ʻO ke kumu e hiki ai i ka lolo ke ʻike a hoʻomanaʻo i ke ʻano o ke kanaka, hanana, a mea paha, ʻo ia ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā kemika e like me ka acetylcholine e hoʻouna i nā leka ma waena o nā pūnana nerve e hoʻomalu ai i ka cognition a me ka hoʻomanaʻo.Ke hoʻopau ka acetylcholine i kāna hana, e hydrolyzed ia e "acetylcholinesterase (AChE)" a laila hana hou ʻia e nā pūnana nerve.

No laila, he mea maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻana o ka acetylcholinesterase.Hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i kahi manawa hanu i nā pūnaewele aʻalolo i ʻole e paʻakikī mau nā pūnaewele nerve i ka loaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā leka.

ʻO ka pilikia, ʻo ia ka wā e hoʻāla ʻia ai ka acetylcholinesterase a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka neʻe ʻana, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa ia i ka acetylcholine, e pili ana i nā pilina ma waena o nā pūnaewele nerve a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka cognitive a me ka hoʻomanaʻo.

I kēia manawa, inā kiʻekiʻe loa ke kaomi oxidative i loko o ka lolo, e hōʻeha ana i ka nui o ka make o nā pūnaʻi nerve e mālama ana i ka cognition a me ka hoʻomanaʻo, e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ke kūlana.

ʻO ka nui a i ʻole overactive acetylcholinesterase a me ke koʻikoʻi oxidative koʻikoʻi i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kumu nui e kumu ai ka maʻi Alzheimer a me ka amnesia.Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau e like me donepezil (Aricept film-coated tablets) e hoʻopaneʻe i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka amnesia ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka acetylcholinesterase.

Loaʻa iā Ganoderma ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka amnesia

ʻO kahi haʻawina i paʻi ʻia ma ka pukana hou loa o "Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy" e ke Keʻena ʻOihana ʻepekema a me ka ʻImi ʻImi ʻAi, ke Kulanui o Punjab, India, ua kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo Ganoderma alcohol extract hiki ke hoʻemi i ka hana o ka acetylcholinesterase, e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha oxidative o ka lolo, a pale aku i ka ino o ka ike a me ka hoomanao.

Ua ʻōlelo ka mea kākau o ka pepa ua hōʻoia nā haʻawina i hala i kekahi mau ʻano Ganoderma (e like meʻO Ganoderma lucidumaG. boninense) hiki ke pale i ka ʻōnaehana nerve ma o ka anti-oxidation a me ka pale ʻana i ka acetylcholinesterase.No laila, koho lākouG. mediosinenseaG. ramosissimum, ʻaʻole i aʻo ʻia ma kēia ʻano akā ua hana ʻia ma India, no ka noiʻi ʻana i ka manaʻolana e hoʻohui i ka impetus hou i ka mālama mua ʻana o ka amnesia.

No ka mea, ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua in vitro cell no ka unuhi like me 70% methanol,G. mediosinenseʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka extract (GME) ma mua o kekahi ʻano Ganoderma i ka antioxidation a me ka acetylcholinesterase inhibition, no laila ua hoʻohana lākou i ka GME no nā hoʻokolohua holoholona.

ʻO nā ʻiole e ʻai ana i ka Ganoderma ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i ka amnesia.

(1) E ʻike pehea e pale aku ai i ka haʻalulu uila

Ua hāʻawi mua nā mea noiʻi i nā mice GME a i ʻole donepezil, ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka amnesia, a injected scopolamine (kahi lāʻau e pale ai i ka hopena o ka acetylcholine) 30 mau minuke ma hope e hoʻoulu i ka anmesia.He kanakolu mau minuke ma hope o ka injection a me ka lā aʻe, ua loiloi ʻia nā ʻiole no ko lākou naʻau a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana ma o ka "Passive Shock Avoidance Experiment" a me ka "Novel Object Recognition Experiment".

ʻO ka hoʻokolohua passive shock avoidance hoʻokolohua (PSA) ka mea nui e ʻike inā hiki i nā ʻiole ke aʻo mai ka ʻike "e noho ma kahi mālamalama a pale i waho o kahi lumi ʻeleʻele e pale aku i ka hoʻohoka uila."No ka mea e like me ka peʻe ʻana o nā ʻiole i ka pōʻeleʻele, pono lākou e hilinaʻi i ka hoʻomanaʻo e "hoʻoikaika iā lākou iho e kāohi."No laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa e noho ai i loko o ka lumi mālamalama e like me kahi hōʻailona loiloi o ka hoʻomanaʻo.

Hōʻike ʻia nā hopena ma [Figure 1].ʻO nā ʻiole i hānai ʻia me Donepezil a me GME ma mua i hiki ke mālama i ka hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi aʻe i ka wā e kū ana i ka pōʻino scopolamine.

ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ʻaʻole i koʻikoʻi ka hopena o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka liʻiliʻi (200 a me 400 mg / kg) o GME, akā ʻo ka hopena o nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (800 mg / kg) o GME he mea nui a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me Donepezil.

(2) Hiki ke ʻike i nā mea hou

Hoʻohana ka "novel object recognition experiment (NOR)" i ke ʻano o ka ʻiole e ʻimi a makemake e hoʻāʻo hou e hoʻāʻo inā hiki iā ia ke hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ka mea maʻa a me ka mea hou i nā mea ʻelua.

ʻO ka ratio i loaʻa ma ka puʻunaue ʻana i ka manawa a ka ʻiole e ʻimi ai (sniff a hoʻopā paha me ke kino) i kahi mea hou i ka manawa e ʻimi ai i nā mea ʻelua ʻo ia ka "index index (RI)".ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka naʻau a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka ʻiole.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hopena ma [Figure 2], ʻo ia ka mea like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka haʻalulu passive ma mua o ka ʻiole i ʻai mua iā Donepezil a me GME i hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a me ka hopena oG. mediosinenseua like ia me ka dose.

ʻO ka hana anti-amnesic o Ganoderma

(1) Acetylcholinesterase inhibition + antioxidation

Ua hōʻike hou ʻia ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻiole lolo o ka scopolamine i ka hana o ka acetylcholinesterase a me ke kaomi oxidative.Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole i hoʻemi wale ka GME i ka hana o ka acetylcholinesterase i nāʻiole i nā kūlana maʻamau (Figure 3) akā ua hoʻemi nuiʻia ka pōʻino oxidative i loaʻa i nāʻiole (Figure 4).

(1) E pale i ka pono o nā pūnana aʻalolo lolo

Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana ka poʻe noiʻi i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī e nānā i ka hippocampal gyrus a me ka cerebral cortex o nā ʻiole.

ʻO kēia mau ʻāpana ʻelua o ka lolo nā wahi koʻikoʻi e mālama i ka cognition a me ka hoʻomanaʻo.ʻO nā pūnana aʻalolo i loko o lākou ka hapa nui i nā ʻano pyramidal, hiki ke hoʻouna maikaʻi a loaʻa ka ʻike.ʻO ka hele ʻana o ka vacuolation cytoplasmic i loko o nā cell e hōʻike ana i nā hiʻohiʻona pathologic o ka amnesia.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma o ka ʻāpana ʻili o ka ʻiʻo e hōʻemi ka scopolamine i nā cell pyramidal a hoʻonui i nā cell vacuolated ma kēia mau ʻāpana lolo ʻelua.Eia nō naʻe, inā mālama ʻia nā wahi me ka GME ma mua, hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia ke kūlana: e piʻi aʻe nā puʻupuʻu pyramidal a e emi ana nā ʻāpana vacuolating (e nānā i ka ʻaoʻao 6 o ka pepa kumu no nā kikoʻī).

ʻO "Phenols" ke kumu ikaika o Ganoderma e kū'ē i ka amnesia.

I ka hopena, ma ke alo o nā mea pilikia o ka amnesia, hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka GME ke mālama i nā hana cognitive maʻamau a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana ma ke kāohi ʻana i ka acetylcholinesterase, e hōʻemi ana i ke koʻikoʻi oxidative, a me ka pale ʻana i nā cell nerve i ka hippocampal gyrus a me ka cerebral cortex.

Ma muli o kēlā me kēia 1 grams o GME aia ma kahi o 67.5 mg o nā phenols, i hōʻike ʻia e kāohi i ka acetylcholinesterase a he antioxidative i ka wā ma mua, manaʻo ka poʻe noiʻi ʻo kēia mau phenols ke kumu o ka hana anti-amnestic a Ganoderma.

Ma muli o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka amnesia hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka peristalsis o ka ʻōpū a loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻole, ka diarrhea a i ʻole constipation, nā lāʻau kūlohelohe e like me Ganoderma extract hiki ke pale a mālama i ka nalowale hoʻomanaʻo ʻoi aku ka pono o kā mākou manaʻolana.

E ʻai mua i ka Ganoderma e pale akuʻO Alzheimer ʻO ka maʻi

He pilikia honua ka Dementia.A i ka hoʻoholo ʻana mai ke ʻano o kēia manawa, e ʻoi aku ka ʻino.

ʻOiai e hoʻolauleʻa ana nā kānaka i ka piʻi ʻana o ka makahiki o ka awelika o ke ola, ua lilo ka dementia i mea hopohopo nui loa no ka poʻe ʻelemakule.Inā hiki ke hoʻopau wale ʻia ka ʻelemakule i ka dementia, he aha ke ʻano o ka lōʻihi?

No laila e ʻai mua i ka Ganoderma!A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻai ʻana i ka Ganoderma i loaʻa ka "waiʻona" extract o ke kino hua.Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki i ka ʻelemakule kuʻo ke hāʻawi i ka hauʻoli iā ia iho a me nā keiki.

[Kumu] Kaur R, et al.Nā hopena anti-amnesic o nā ʻano Ganoderma: He mea hiki ke hana cholinergic a me antioxidant.Biomed Pharmacother.2017 ʻAukake;92: 1055-1061.

HOPE

No ka mea kākau/ Ms. Wu Tingyao
Ua hōʻike ʻo Wu Tingyao i ka ʻike Ganoderma lima mua mai 1999. ʻO ia ka mea kākau oHoola me Ganoderma(i paʻi ʻia ma The People's Medical Publishing House ma ʻApelila 2017).
 
★ Ua paʻi ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma lalo o ka mana kūʻokoʻa o ka mea kākau.★ ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻi hou ʻia nā hana i luna, ʻokiʻoki a hoʻohana ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me ka ʻole o ka ʻae ʻia e ka mea kākau.★ No ka uhaki ʻana i ka ʻōlelo ma luna, e ʻimi ka mea kākau i nā kuleana pili kānāwai.★ Ua kākau ʻia ka kikokikona kumu o kēia ʻatikala ma ka ʻōlelo Pākē e Wu Tingyao a unuhi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania e Alfred Liu.Inā loaʻa kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka unuhi (English) a me ka unuhi mua (Pake), e lanakila ka Pākē mua.Inā he nīnau ka poʻe heluhelu, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i ka mea kākau kumu, ʻo Ms. Wu Tingyao.