E-India: I-GLAQ ivimbela ukushoda kwenkumbulo okubangelwa i-hypobaric hypoxia

Juni 2, 2020/Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (India)/Imibiko Yesayensi

Umbhalo/Wu Tingyao

Lapho ukuphakama kuphakeme, ukwehla komfutho womoya, kuncipha kakhulu umoya-mpilo, kuthinteka kakhulu ukusebenza kokusebenza komzimba, maningi amathuba okuba kubangele izingozi eziningi zempilo ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi.isifo sikashukela.

Lezi zingozi zempilo zingaba yikhanda elibuhlungu nje, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukukhathala nokunye ukungaphatheki kahle, futhi zingakhula zibe yi-cerebral edema ethinta ukuqonda, ukusebenza kwemoto, nokuqaphela, noma i-pulmonary edema ethinta umsebenzi wokuphefumula.Sibi kangakanani isimo?Ukuthi ingalulama kancane kancane ngemva kokuphumula noma izokonakala nakakhulu ibe umonakalo ongalungiseki noma ize ibe yingozi empilweni kuncike ekhonweni lamangqamuzana ezicubu emzimbeni ukuze avumelane nezinguquko ekugxilweni komoyampilo wangaphandle.

Ukwenzeka kanye nobukhulu bokugula kwe-altitude kuyehluka kumuntu nomuntu, futhi kuthinteka kakhulu ukuqina komzimba womuntu.Empeleni, ukuphakama okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1,500 (ukuphakama okuphakathi) kuzoqala ukuthinta umzimba womuntu;noma ubani okuhlanganisa nabantu abadala abanempilo esheshayo ofinyelela ukuphakama okungamamitha angu-2,500 noma ngaphezulu (ukuphakama okuphezulu) ngaphambi kokuba umzimba uzivumelanise nezimo uvame ukuba nezinkinga.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuhlela ngokucophelela izindawo eziphakeme noma ukuphuza imithi yokuvimbela ngaphambi kokuhamba, inhloso iwukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka komzimba nokuvimbela ukuvela kokugula kokuphakama.Kodwa empeleni, kukhona enye inketho, ethathayoI-Ganoderma lucidum.

Ngokocwaningo olushicilelwe ngabakwaI-Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences (DIPAS)ngoJuni 2020 ku-Scientific Reports, kwatholakala ukuthiI-Ganoderma lucidumi-aqueous extract (GLAQ) inganciphisa umonakalo we-hypoxia ye-hypobaric kuya emithanjeni ye-cranial futhi igcine imisebenzi yokuqonda ehlobene nenkumbulo yendawo.

I-Maze yamanzi - indlela enhle yokuhlola ikhono lenkumbulo lamagundane

Ngaphambi kokuthi kuqale ukuhlola, abacwaningi bachitha izinsuku ezimbalwa beqeqesha amagundane ukuze bathole inkundla efihliwe ecwile ngaphansi nje kwamanzi.(Umfanekiso 1).

Amagundane ayakwazi ukubhukuda, kodwa awawathandi amanzi, ngakho azozama ukuthola indawo yokugwema amanzi.

Ngokusho kwerekhodi le-trajectory yokubhukuda ku-Figure 2, kungatholakala ukuthi amagundane athole isiteji ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha kusukela ekujikelezeni izikhathi eziningana ngosuku lokuqala ukuya emgqeni oqondile ngosuku lwesithupha (okwesithathu kwesokudla ku-Figure 2), okubonisa ukuthi inekhono elihle lokukhumbula indawo.

Ngemva kokususwa komsamo, umzila wokubhukuda wegundane wawugxile endaweni lapho umsamo wawukhona (owokuqala kwesokudla kuMfanekiso 2), okubonisa ukuthi igundane lalinayo inkumbulo ecacile yokuthi umsamo wawukuphi.

I-Ganoderma luciduminciphisa imiphumela ye-hypobaric hypoxia kwinkumbulo yendawo

Lamagundane ajwayelekile aqeqeshiwe ahlukaniswa amaqoqo amabili.Iqembu elilodwa laqhubeka lihlala endaweni enomfutho womoya ovamile kanye ne-oxygen njengeqembu lokulawula (Control) kuyilapho elinye iqembu lithunyelwa ekamelweni eliphansi lokucindezela ukuze lilingise ukuphila endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yamamitha angu-25,000 noma mayelana namamitha angu-7620. endaweni ye-hypobaric hypoxia (HH).

Ukuze amagundane athunyelwe ekamelweni eliphansi-ingcindezi, ingxenye eyodwa yabo babephakelwa aqueous akhiphe ofI-Ganoderma lucidum(GLAQ) kumthamo wansuku zonke we-100, 200, noma 400 mg/kg (HH+GLAQ 100, 200, noma 400) kuyilapho enye ingxenye yawo ingondliwangaI-Ganoderma lucidum(Iqembu le-HH) njengeqembu elilawulayo.

Lokhu kuhlola kuthathe iviki lonke.Ngosuku olungemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, la maqembu amahlanu amagundane afakwa endaweni eyingxubevange yamanzi ukuze abone ukuthi ayasikhumbula yini indawo yesikhulumi.Umphumela uboniswe kuMfanekiso 3:

Iqembu elilawulayo (Control) lisakhumbula indawo yesikhulumi ngokucacile futhi lalingathola isiteji ngesikhathi esisodwa;ikhono lokukhumbula i-low-pressure chamber rats (HH) laliphazamiseke kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sabo sokuthola isiteji sasingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kweqembu lokulawula.Kodwa futhi behlala endaweni ephansi ye-oxygen yekamelo eliphansi lokucindezela, amagundane adle i-GLAQ ayenenkumbulo engcono kakhulu yesikhulumi, nokuningi.I-Ganoderma lucidumbadla, isikhathi esichithiwe sasiseduze neqembu elivamile lokulawula.

I-Ganoderma luciduminciphisa imiphumela ye-hypobaric hypoxia kwinkumbulo yendawo

Lamagundane ajwayelekile aqeqeshiwe ahlukaniswa amaqoqo amabili.Iqembu elilodwa laqhubeka lihlala endaweni enomfutho womoya ovamile kanye ne-oxygen njengeqembu lokulawula (Control) kuyilapho elinye iqembu lithunyelwa ekamelweni eliphansi lokucindezela ukuze lilingise ukuphila endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yamamitha angu-25,000 noma mayelana namamitha angu-7620. endaweni ye-hypobaric hypoxia (HH).

Ukuze amagundane athunyelwe ekamelweni eliphansi-ingcindezi, ingxenye eyodwa yabo babephakelwa aqueous akhiphe ofI-Ganoderma lucidum(GLAQ) kumthamo wansuku zonke we-100, 200, noma 400 mg/kg (HH+GLAQ 100, 200, noma 400) kuyilapho enye ingxenye yawo ingondliwangaI-Ganoderma lucidum(Iqembu le-HH) njengeqembu elilawulayo.

Lokhu kuhlola kuthathe iviki lonke.Ngosuku olungemva kokuphela kokuhlolwa, la maqembu amahlanu amagundane afakwa endaweni eyingxubevange yamanzi ukuze abone ukuthi ayasikhumbula yini indawo yesikhulumi.Umphumela uboniswe kuMfanekiso 3:

Iqembu elilawulayo (Control) lisakhumbula indawo yesikhulumi ngokucacile futhi lalingathola isiteji ngesikhathi esisodwa;ikhono lokukhumbula i-low-pressure chamber rats (HH) laliphazamiseke kakhulu, futhi isikhathi sabo sokuthola isiteji sasingaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kweqembu lokulawula.Kodwa futhi behlala endaweni ephansi ye-oxygen yekamelo eliphansi lokucindezela, amagundane adle i-GLAQ ayenenkumbulo engcono kakhulu yesikhulumi, nokuningi.I-Ganoderma lucidumbadla, isikhathi esichithiwe sasiseduze neqembu elivamile lokulawula.

I-Ganoderma lucidumivikela ubuchopho futhi inciphise i-edema yobuchopho kanye nokulimala kwe-hippocampal gyrus.

Imiphumela yokuhlola engenhla ibonisa lokhoI-Ganoderma lucidumngempela kungadambisa ukuphazamiseka kwenkumbulo yendawo okubangelwa i-hypoxia ye-hypobaric.Ukusebenza kwenkumbulo kuwukubonakaliswa kokuthi ukwakheka nokusebenza kobuchopho kuyinto evamile.Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi baqhubeka bahlakaza futhi bahlaziya izicubu zobuchopho zamagundane okuhlola, futhi bathola ukuthi:

I-Hypobaric hypoxia ingabangela i-angioedema (ukwanda kokungena kwama-capillaries kuvumela uketshezi oluningi ukuthi luvuze emithanjeni yegazi futhi lunqwabelane ezindaweni eziphakathi kobuchopho) kanye nomonakalo we-hippocampal gyrus (ophethe ukwakheka kwenkumbulo), kodwa lezi zinkinga zikhululeka kakhulu. kumagundane adliwe nge-GLAQ kusengaphambili (Umfanekiso 5 no-6), okubonisa ukuthiI-Ganoderma luciduminomphumela wokuvikela ubuchopho.

Indlela yeI-Ganoderma lucidumngokumelene ne-hypoxia ye-hypobaric

KunganiI-Ganoderma lucidumi-aqueous extract ingamelana nomonakalo obangelwa i-hypoxia ye-hypobaric?Imiphumela yengxoxo ejulile ifingqwe kuMdwebo 7. Kunezikhombisi-ndlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile:

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusabela komzimba komzimba lapho ujwayela ku-hypoxia ye-hypobaric kuzolungiswa ngokushesha nangcono ngenxa yokungenelelaI-Ganoderma lucidum;Ngokolunye uhlangothi,I-Ganoderma lucidumingakwazi ukulawula ngokuqondile ama-molecule ahlobene emangqamuzaneni ezinzwa zobuchopho ngokuqeda i-oxidation kanye nokulwa nokuvuvukala, igcine umoya-mpilo njalo emzimbeni, ilungise amasekhethi emizwa yobuchopho, futhi igcine ukudluliswa kwenzwa okushelelayo ukuze ivikele izicubu zemizwa kanye nekhono lenkumbulo.

Esikhathini esidlule, izifundo eziningi ziye zaveza lokhoI-Ganoderma lucidumingavikela izinzwa zobuchopho ezicini ezihlukahlukene ezifana nesifo i-Alzheimer's, isifo sikaParkinson, isithuthwane, i-vascular embolism, ukulimala kobuchopho ngengozi, nokuguga.Manje lolu cwaningo oluvela eNdiya lwengeza obunye ubufakazi bokuthiI-Ganoderma lucidum's "kuthuthukisa ukuhlakanipha nenkumbulo" ngokombono wokuphakama okuphezulu, umfutho ophansi kanye nomoya-mpilo ophansi.

Ikakhulukazi, iyunithi yocwaningo I-Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS) ixhumene ne-National Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) yoMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-India.Senze ukuhlola okujulile emkhakheni we-high altitude physiology isikhathi eside.Indlela yokuthuthukisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwamasosha kanye nempumelelo yokulwa ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu nezingcindezi bekulokhu kugxilwe kukho.Lokhu kwenza imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ibe nenjongo.

Izithako ezisebenzayo eziqukethwe ku-I-Ganoderma lucidumi-aqueous extract GLAQ esetshenziswe kulolu cwaningo ihlanganisa i-polysaccharides, i-phenols, i-flavonoids, ne-ganoderic acid A. Ngaphambi kokushicilela lolu cwaningo, umcwaningi wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-subchronic toxicity yezinsuku ezingu-90 futhi waqinisekisa ukuthi ngisho noma umthamo wayo uphezulu njenge-1000. mg/kg, ngeke ibe nomthelela omubi ezicutshini, ezithweni nasekukhuleni kwamagundane.Ngakho-ke, umthamo omncane osebenzayo wama-200 mg/kg esivivinyweni esingenhla ngokusobala uphephile.

Kuphela uma usulungiselele ngokugcwele ungakwazi ukujabulela ubumnandi bokukhuphuka futhi uzwe ukuthintwa kokuba seduze nesibhakabhaka.Uma une safeI-Ganoderma lucidumukuze ujabule, kufanele ukwazi ukubona izifiso zakho ngokuphepha.

[Umthombo]

1. Purva Sharma, Rajkumar Tulsawani.I-Ganoderma lucidumukukhishwa kwe-aqueous kuvimbela ukushoda kwenkumbulo okubangelwa i-hypobaric hypoxia ngokumodulating neurotransmission, neuroplasticity kanye nokugcina i-redox homeostasis.I-Sci Rep. 2020;10: 8944. Ishicilelwe ku-inthanethi 2020 Jun 2.

2. Purva Sharma, et al.Imiphumela ye-Pharmacological ofI-Ganoderma lucidumikhiphe ngokumelene nezingcindezi zokuphakama okuphezulu kanye nokuhlolwa kwayo kobuthi obungapheli.J Food Biochem.2019 Dec;43(12):e13081.

PHELA

Mayelana nombhali/ Nks. Wu Tingyao

UWu Tingyao ubelokhu ebika ngolwazi lwe-Ganoderma lokuqala kusukela ngo-1999. Ungumbhali wencwadiUkwelapha nge-Ganoderma(ishicilelwe ku-People's Medical Publishing House ngo-Ephreli 2017).

★ Lesi sihloko sishicilelwe ngaphansi kokugunyazwa okukhethekile kombhali.★ Le misebenzi engenhla ayinakuphinda ikhiqizwe, ikhishwe noma isetshenziswe ngezinye izindlela ngaphandle kwemvume yombhali.★ Ngokuphulwa kwesitatimende esingenhla, umbhali uzolandela izibopho ezingokomthetho ezifanele.★ Umbhalo wokuqala walesi sihloko ubhalwe ngesiShayina nguWu Tingyao futhi wahunyushelwa esiNgisini ngu-Alfred Liu.Uma kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kokuhumusha (isiNgisi) kanye nokwangempela (isiShayina), isiShayina sangempela siyonqoba.Uma abafundi benemibuzo, sicela uthinte umbhali wokuqala, uNksz. Wu Tingyao.