◎ Eli nqaku lapapashwa okokuqala ngesiTshayina sakwaNtu kwiNkupho yama-96 “I-Ganoderma” (ngoDisemba 2022), kwaye yaqala ukupapashwa ngesiTshayina esenziwe lula kwi “ganodermanews.com” (ngoJanuwari 2023), kwaye ngoku iveliswa kwakhona apha ngokugunyaziswa kombhali.

Kwinqaku elithi “Isiseko seReishiukuthintela umkhuhlane ─ I-qi eyaneleyo enempilo ngaphakathi emzimbeni iya kuthintela ukuhlasela kwezinto ze-pathogenic "kwinqaku le-46"I-Ganoderma"kwi-2009, ndakhankanya ukuba i-theory yezonyango zaseTshayina zikholelwa ukuba impilo kunye nezifo zivela kumazwe ahlukeneyo "ingxabano phakathi kwempilo kunye ne-pathogenic qi".Phakathi kwazo, "i-qi enempilo" ibhekisa kumandla omzimba womntu wokuchasa izifo, kwaye "i-pathogenic qi" ibhekisa ngokubanzi kwiintsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ezihlasela umzimba womntu okanye amathumba avela emzimbeni.

Oko kukuthi, umntu ukwimeko ephilileyo ngenxa yokuba i-qi eyaneleyo enempilo ngaphakathi emzimbeni ithintela ukuhlaselwa kwezinto ze-pathogenic, oko kukuthi, umzimba womntu unamandla okumelana nezifo, oko akuthethi ukuba akukho pathogenic qi. emzimbeni kodwa kuthetha ukuba i-pathogenic qi emzimbeni ayinako ukugqithisa i-qi enempilo;umntu ukwimeko yokugula ngenxa yokuba izinto ze-pathogenic zihlasela umzimba osweleyo kwi-qi enempilo, oko kukuthi, ukunqongophala kwe-qi enempilo kunciphisa ukuxhathisa kwesifo somzimba, kunye nokuqokelela kwezinto ezibangela izifo emzimbeni kukhokelela kwizifo.Indlela efanelekileyo yokonyango kukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo izinto ze-pathogenic.Nangona kunjalo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, alikho iyeza laseNtshona okanye iyeza laseTshayina elinokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ezinye izinto ze-pathogenic.

Akunjalo ngosulelo lwe-coronavirus yanamhlanje?Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwamachiza athile e-antiviral, hayi iyeza lasentshona okanye iyeza lemveli laseTshayina elinokubulala ngokupheleleyo iintsholongwane.Isizathu sokuba abantu abosulelekileyo banokuchacha kukuthembela ekomelezeni ukhuseleko lomzimba (i-qi enempilo) ngokwesiseko sonyango lweempawu (ukupheliswa kweempawu ezingathandekiyo) ekugqibeleni ukucima intsholongwane (i-pathogenic qi).

Amajoni omzimba anamandla enza kube nzima ukuba iintsholongwane zibangele izifo. 

Inoveli coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) yosulele kwaye yalonakalisa umhlaba iminyaka emi-3.Ekupheleni kuka-2022, bangaphezulu kwe-600 yezigidi zabantu abosulelekileyo kwaye bangaphezulu kwe-6 yezigidi zabantu ababhubhileyo.Okwangoku, ukwahluka kwe-Omicron yenoveli coronavirus zisasasazeka kwihlabathi jikelele.Nangona i-pathogenicity kunye nezinga lokufa zincitshisiwe zombini, iyosulela kakhulu kwaye izinga losulelo liphezulu kakhulu.

Amachiza e-antiviral asele ekhona awakwazi ukubulala iintsholongwane ezithile, kodwa anokuthintela ukwanda kweentsholongwane.Ngaphandle kwamanyathelo othintelo esiqhelo anje ngokunxiba iimaski, ukunikela ingqalelo kucoceko lwezandla, ukugcina umgama phakathi koluntu, kunye nokunqanda ukuhlanganisana, eyona nto ibalulekileyo asiyonto ingaphaya “kokuqinisa i-qi esempilweni”.

I-Immunity ibhekisa kumandla amajoni omzimba okuxhathisa kunye nokuphelisa uhlaselo lweentsholongwane ezinje ngebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ukususa ukuguga, iiseli ezifileyo okanye eziguqukileyo emzimbeni kunye nezinto ezibangela ukuchasana nokwaliwa, ukugcina uzinzo kwindawo yangaphakathi yomzimba kwaye gcina umzimba usempilweni.

Izinto ezininzi ezinjengoxinezeleko lwengqondo, ukuxhalaba, ukusebenza ngokugqithiseleyo, ukungondleki, ukungalali kakuhle, ukungazilolongi, ukwaluphala, izifo kunye neziyobisi zinokuchaphazela ukukhuseleka komzimba kwaye zinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamajoni omzimba okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamajoni omzimba.

Ngexesha lo bhubhani, abanye abantu ababenonxibelelwano olusondeleyo nabantu abosulelwe yinoveli coronavirus abazange bagule kwaye baba ngamatyala asymptomatic;abanye abantu bagula kodwa baneempawu ezingephi.

Isizathu sokuba aba bantu bangabonakali okanye baneempawu ezincinci kukuba i-immunity eqinile yomzimba (i-qi enempilo) icinezela intsholongwane (i-pathogenic qi).Xa kukho i-qi eyaneleyo enempilo emzimbeni, izinto ze-pathogenic azikho indlela yokuhlasela umzimba.

Umzobo weSchematic weReishi uqinisa i-qi enempilo kunye nokuphelisa iintsholongwane

Reishiinyusa ukhuseleko kwaye inqande usulelo lwentsholongwane.

Reishiinefuthe lokuqinisa umzimba.Okokuqala, uReishi unokuphucula umsebenzi wokuzivikela womzimba ongaqhelekanga, kubandakanywa nokukhuthaza ukuvuthwa, ukwahlula kunye nokusebenza kweeseli ze-dendritic, ukuphucula umsebenzi wokubulala we-mononuclear macrophages kunye neeseli ezibulalayo zendalo, kwaye unokuphelisa ngokuthe ngqo iintsholongwane ezihlaselayo.

Okwesibini,Reishiiphucula imisebenzi ye-humoral immunity kunye nokukhuseleka kwamaselula njengokukhuthaza ukwanda kweeseli ze-B, ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-immunoglobulin (i-antibody) i-IgM kunye ne-IgG, ukukhuthaza ukwanda kweeseli ze-T, ukuphucula umsebenzi wokubulala iiseli ze-cytotoxic T (CTL), kunye ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwee-cytokines ezifana ne-interleukin-1 (IL-1), i-interleukin-2 (IL-2) kunye ne-interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma).

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba uReishi unokuthintela ukuphuma komzimba kwiiseli zethumba, kodwa ukuba kunempembelelo efanayo ekubalekeni komzimba kwiintsholongwane kusafuneka kufundwe ngakumbi.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-immune hypofunction ebangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo ezinjengoxinzelelo lwengqondo, ixhala, ukusebenza kakhulu, ukwaluphala, izifo kunye neziyobisi,Reishiibonakaliswe ukunceda ukubuyisela umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wokuzivikela.

Impembelelo yokuqinisa umzimba kaReishi ibonelela ngesiseko sethiyori kuthintelo lwayo losulelo lwe-coronavirus.

Reishiithoba umoya, imelana noxinzelelo kwaye inyusa ukhuseleko.

Ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19, abanye abantu baye bafumana uloyiko, ukuxinezeleka, ukuxhalaba, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, kunye nokudakumba ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwengqondo olubangelwa lusulelo lwe-COVID-19 okanye uthintelo nolawulo lobhubhane, zonke ezo ziya kuchaphazela ukungakhuseleki.

Kwinqaku elithi “Amalinge ezilwanyana kunye neeMvavanyo zoLuntu zeGanoderma LucidumNgokuchasene noxinzelelo-oluNxinzelele ekuSetyenziseni koMzimba” kushicilelo lwama-63 lweI-Ganodermango 2014, Ndathetha malunga imifuniselo pharmacological ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumkuphuculwe ukusebenza komzimba kweempuku ezibangelwa luxinzelelo.Eli phepha libonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lomzimba kunye nengqondo oluveliswa luqeqesho oluphezulu lunokunciphisa umsebenzi wokuzivikela wabadlali, kodwa i-Ganoderma lucidum inokuphucula ukusebenza komzimba.

Ezi ziphumo zinxulumene nokonyusa umzimba kunye neempawu zokuzolisa umoyaReishi.Kwelinye igama, uReishi unceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwengqondo ngeziphumo zalo ezifana ne-sedative hypnosis, anti-anxiety, kunye nokuchasana noxinzelelo.Ke ngoko, akukho nzima ukucinga ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthomalalisa kukaReishi kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwengqondo olubangelwa ngubhubhani we-COVID-19 kunye nokuqinisa ukungatheleleki.

I-Ganoderma lucidumikwanesiphumo esichasene ne-coronavirus entsha.

I-Ganoderma lucidumyaziwa kakhulu ngeempawu zayo zokuthomalalisa iintsholongwane.Ngexesha lo bhubhani, abantu baxhalabile ngakumbi malunga nokubaI-Ganoderma lucidumine-anti-novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) isiphumo.

Uphando olwenziwe ngabaphengululi abavela kwi-Academia Sinica, eTaiwan epapashwe kwi-"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" ngo-2021 yangqina ukuba.I-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharide (RF3) ineziphumo ezicacileyo ze-anti-novel coronavirus kwi-vivo kunye ne-in vitro kuvavanyo lwe-antiviral, kwaye ayinayo ityhefu.

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba i-RF3 (2 μg/ml) inefuthe elibalulekileyo le-antiviral kwi-SARS-Cov-2 ekhuliswe kwi-vitro, kwaye isenomsebenzi othintelayo xa ihlanjululwe ukuya kumaxesha angama-1280, kodwa ayinayo ubutyhefu kwi-virus-host Vero E6. iiseli.Ulawulo lomlomo lweI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharide RF3 (kwidosi yemihla ngemihla engama-30 mg/kg) inokunciphisa kakhulu umthamo wentsholongwane egazini (umxholo) kwimiphunga yeehamster ezosulelwe yintsholongwane ye-SARS-Cov-2, kodwa ubunzima bezilwanyana zovavanyo abunciphi, nto leyo ebonisa ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharide ayinayo ityhefu (njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi) [1].

Impembelelo ye-anti-novel coronavirus echazwe ngasentlaI-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharides kwi-vivo kunye ne-in vitro ibonelela ngesiseko sethiyori "sokuphelisa izinto ze-pathogenic" kuthintelo lwayo losulelo lwe-coronavirus.

Iziphumo zovavanyo lweI-Ganoderma lucidumiipolysaccharides ngokuchasene ne-coronavirus entsha kwi-vivo kunye ne-in vitro

I-Ganoderma lucidumyongeza isiphumo sesitofu sokugonya intsholongwane.

Izitofu zogonyo lwentsholongwane ngamalungiselelo okhuselo lomzimba oluzenzekelayo enziwa ngokucutha, ngokungasebenzi okanye ngokuguqula ufuzo iintsholongwane okanye amalungu azo ukuthintela usulelo lwentsholongwane.

Isitofu sokugonya sigcina iimpawu zentsholongwane okanye iinxalenye zayo ukuvuselela amajoni omzimba.Ugonyo oluchasene neentsholongwane lunokuqeqesha amajoni omzimba ukuba abone iintsholongwane kwaye enze i-immunoglobulins (efana ne-IgG kunye ne-IgA antibodies) ukukhusela kwintsholongwane kunye nosulelo lwentsholongwane.Xa iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni kwixesha elizayo, izitofu zokugonya zinokuqaphela kwaye zibulale iintsholongwane.Izitofu zokugonya zinokuphinda zivuselele ukhuseleko lweseli kwaye zenze inkumbulo ehambelana nokhuselo lomzimba.Xa iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni kwixesha elizayo, izitofu zokugonya zinokubona ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphelise iintsholongwane.

Kungabonwa kule nto ukuba injongo yokugonywa kukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwezinto ze-pathogenic ngokwaneleyo okunempilo qi ngaphakathi emzimbeni ukuze ufumane i-immunity ethile ye-antiviral.I-Ganoderma lucidumI-polysaccharide iyodwa inokwandisa ukhuselo lomzimba olungangqalanga kunye nokhuselo oluthile lwe-humoral kunye nokhuseleko lweseli.Indibaniselwano yeI-Ganoderma lucidumkunye ne-vaccine (i-antigen) inomsebenzi we-adjuvant, enokuphucula i-immunogenicity ye-antigen kunye nokuphucula umphumo wentsholongwane yokugonya.

Kwinqaku elithi “Iimpawu zeAdjuvant zeI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides - ukuqinisa umphumo wezitofu zokugonya intsholongwane "kwinqaku lama-92I-Ganodermango-2021, ndazisa ngokweenkcukacha ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumi-polysaccharides ekhutshwe kwaye ihlanjululwe kuyoI-Ganoderma lucidumimizimba yeziqhamo inokuphucula imiphumo yokugonywa kwe-porcine circovirus, i-hagu fever virus kunye nenkukhu yokugonya i-Newcastle virus ye-virus, ikhuthaza ukuveliswa kwee-antibodies ezithile kunye ne-immune cytokines ezifana ne-interferon-γ, ukunciphisa iimpawu ezibangelwa ukuhlaselwa kwentsholongwane kwizilwanyana zokulinga kunye nokunciphisa ukufa.Ezi zifundo zibonelela ngesiseko sophando kunye nokusetyenziswa kweI-Ganoderma lucidumukwandisa isiphumo sesitofu sogonyo se-coronavirus.

“I-Ganoderma lucidum+ isitofu sokugonya” sinokuluphucula ukhuseleko. 

Intsholongwane ye-Omicron ine-pathogenicity ephantsi kunye nezinga eliphantsi lokufa, kodwa iyosulela kakhulu.Emva kokuba ulawulo lwenoveli lwe-coronavirus luphakanyisiwe, iintsapho ezininzi okanye iiyunithi zavavanywa ukuba zine-nucleic acid okanye i-antigen yokuhlolwa ngokukhawuleza.

Ke ngoko, eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuthintela kwabo bangakhange bajike kukuba "ukuqinisa i-qi enempilo kwaye uphelise i-pathogen", oko kukuthi ukuqinisa ukhuseleko lokuchasa usulelo lwentsholongwane.I-Ganoderma lucidumyenye yokhetho olukhulu lokunyusa ukhuselo lomzimba.NgeI-Ganodermaukhuseleko oludityaniswe nogonyo, unokufumana ithuba lokubaleka.

Ekugqibeleni, ndiyathemba ngokunyanisekileyo ukubaI-Ganoderma lucidumeyomeleza i-qi enempilo kunye nokuphelisa i-pathogens ingasetyenziselwa ukukhusela nokulawula ubhubhane, ukunqoba iintsholongwane, kunye nokukhusela zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Isalathiso: 1. Jia-Tsrong Jan, et al.Ukuchongwa kwamayeza asele ekhona kunye namayeza esintu njengezithinteli zosulelo lwe-SARS-CoV-2.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA.2021;118(5): e2021579118.doi: 10.1073/ pnas.2021579118.

NgokufutshaneIntshayelelo kaNjingalwazi uZhi-umgqomoLin

Uye wazinikela kwisifundo seI-Ganodermaphantse isiqingatha senkulungwane kwaye unguvulindlela kwisifundo seGanoderma eTshayina.

Usebenze ngokulandelelana njengosekela mongameli weYunivesithi yezoNyango yaseBeijing, usekela-mphathi weSikole seSiseko soNyango lweYunivesithi yaseBeijing yezoNyango, umlawuli weZiko loNyango oluSiseko kunye nomlawuli weSebe lePharmacology yeYunivesithi yaseBeijing yezoNyango.Okwangoku ungunjingalwazi kwiSebe le-Pharmacology, iSikolo seSiseko soNyango lweYunivesithi yaseBeijing yezoNyango.

Ukususela ngo-1983 ukuya ku-1984, wayengumfundi otyeleleyo kwi-WHO Traditional Medicine Research Centre kwiYunivesithi yase-Illinois e-Chicago, eU.SA, kunye nonjingalwazi otyelele kwiYunivesithi yaseHong Kong ukususela ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2002. Ukususela ngo-2006, uye waba yimbeko unjingalwazi kwiPerm State Pharmaceutical Academy eRashiya.

Ukususela ngo-1970, uye wasebenzisa iindlela zanamhlanje ze-sci-tech ukufunda iziphumo ze-pharmacological kunye neendlelaI-Ganodermakunye nezithako zayo ezisebenzayo kwaye ipapashe ngaphezu kwe-100 amaphepha ophando kwiGanoderma.

Ngo-2014 nango-2019, wabandakanywa kolona luhlu luceliweyo lwabaPhandi baseTshayina olupapashwe ngu-Elsevier iminyaka emithandathu ilandelelana.

Ungumbhali wenani leI-Ganodermaisebenza njenge "Uphando lwangoku kwiGanoderma" (i-1-4 editions), "i-Lingzhi ukusuka kwiMfihlakalo ukuya kwiSayensi" (i-1-3 editions), "Unyango lwe-Adjuvant lwe-Tumors kunye ne-Lingzhi eyomeleza i-qi enempilo kwaye isuse i-pathogens", "Thetha ngeGanoderma ” kunye ne "Ganoderma kunye neMpilo".