(Photo credit: Professor John Nicholls, Clinical Professor of Department of Pathology, HKUMed; and Professor Malik Peiris, Tam Wah-Ching Professor in Medical Science and Chair Professor of Virology, School of Public Health, HKUMed; and Electron microscope Unit, HKU. )

Tisanaunike "ngati tizidera nkhawa za mtundu wa Omicron kapena ayi", tiyeni tidziwe kaye za mtundu wa SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, womwe udangowonekera ku South Africa pa 9 Novembara 2021, unasesa padziko lonse lapansi kumapeto kwa lotsatira. mwezi ndi kupanga mawu ngati matenda otsogola, Mlingo wachitatu ndi zolimbitsa thupi kukhala kusaka kotentha.

Mapuloteni osinthika kwambiri amapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti titeteze ku ma virus.

Chithunzi cha electron microscopic kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyi ndi chithunzi choyamba cha "Omicron" padziko lapansi chomwe chinatulutsidwa ndi Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong (HKUMed) pa December 8, 2021:

Pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi mawonekedwe ngati korona, womwe ndi puloteni ya spike (S protein) yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kachilomboka kuti iwukire selo.

Kachilomboka kamadalira mapuloteni okwerawa kuti amange ma receptor pamwamba pa cell, ndikuyambitsa makina a endocytosis a cell kuti atsegule chitseko cha mdani wowopsa kenako kumangirira ma cell kuti awathandize kutengera tinthu tating'ono ta virus kuti athe kupatsira ma cell ambiri.

Chifukwa chake, puloteni ya spike sikuti ndi kiyi yokhayo kuti kachilomboka kalowe m'maselo komanso chandamale cha katemera wophunzitsa chitetezo chamthupi kuti "azizindikira" ndikuchigwira kachilomboka.Kuchuluka kwa masinthidwe awo, kumakhala kosavuta kuti ma antibodies opangidwa ndi katemera awaphonye.

Pachithunzi chotsatirachi poyerekeza mitundu itatu ya "Delta" ndi "Omicron" spike proteins yofalitsidwa ndi chipatala chodziwika bwino cha Bambino Gesu ku Rome pa Novembara 27, 2021, mutha kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake Omicron amapatsirana kwambiri kuposa Delta.

(Source/WHO tsamba lovomerezeka)

Malo omwe ali ndi mtundu ndi zigawo zosinthika zomwe ndizosiyana ndi mtundu wa virus woyambirira.Malinga ndi kusanthula, pali zosachepera 32 zosinthika zazikulu mu spike protein ya "Omicron", yopitilira "Delta", ndipo zigawo zosinthika kwambiri (zofiira) zimakhazikikanso m'malo omwe amalumikizana ndi maselo amunthu.

Kusintha kotereku kumapangitsa kuti "Omicron" ilowe m'maselo a anthu kuti ichuluke, ifalikire pakati pa anthu ndikupewa chitetezo chomwe chilipo ndi katemera, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda kapena kuyambiranso.

"Omicron" imalowa m'mapapo mosavuta koma sichingathe kulowa m'mapapu.

Malinga ndi zotsatira zafukufuku zomwe zidasindikizidwa ndi HKUMed patsamba lake lovomerezeka pa Disembala 15, mitundu ya Omicron imabwereza mwachangu nthawi 70 kuposa Delta komanso zovuta zoyambira za Covid-19 mu bronchus yamunthu koma osawoneka bwino m'mapapo amunthu.

(Chithunzi Gwero / HKUMed tsamba lovomerezeka)

Izi zikhoza kufotokoza chifukwa chake "Omicron" imafalikira mofulumira pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda (pakhosi, mphuno yodzaza) zikhoza kuganiziridwa kuti ndi chimfine koma kuopsa kwa matendawa kumakhala kochepa.

Koma musachitenge mopepuka chifukwa “Omicron” sichimayambitsa matenda oopsa.Ndani akudziwa zimene mapeto adzatiyembekezera?

Kuonjezera apo, pali "Delta" ndi "Fuluwenza" akutiyang'anabe nthawi imodzi!Njira yabwino yopewera iwo ndi kuyesa kusunga chitetezo chathu pamlingo wapamwamba tsiku lililonse.

Chifukwa chake sitiyenera kuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi "Omicron" koma tiyenera kusamala kuti tipewe ngozi.

Zingawoneke bwanji ngati selo lidakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wa Omicron?

Yang'anani pa chithunzi chotsatira cha electron microscopic choperekedwa ndi HKUMed.

(Photo Credit/HKUMed & Electron microscope Unit, HKU)

Uwu ndiye ma electron micrograph a cell ya Vero (nyani impso) patatha maola 24 mutadwala ndi mtundu wa Omicron wa SARS-CoV-2.Mutha kuwona kuti ma virus ambiri akubwerezanso m'ma cell vesicles, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta virus timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timatuluka m'maselo okonzeka kugwira ntchito yawo.

Ichi ndi kachilombo katsopano komwe kamapangidwanso ndi kachilomboka pogwiritsa ntchito "selo limodzi".Kuthamanga kwenikweni!Mwamwayi, ndi kuyesa kokha mu cell cell.Zikachitika mu vivo, sitikudziwa kuti ndi maselo angati omwe adzavutike, ndipo munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo panthawiyi nthawi zambiri amakhala asymptomatic;pamene wina akumva kulakwitsa ndipo akufuna kuti apewe, ndi mochedwa!

Pambuyo pa matenda, ma virus ena amakhala mkati mwa selo pomwe ena amakhala kunja kwa selo.Chitetezo cha mthupi chidzathana ndi ma virus m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Ma antibodies obwera chifukwa cha katemera amatha kugwira (kusokoneza) kachilomboka kunja kwa selo.Ngati kachilomboka kamatha kulandidwa kangolowa m'selo, zinthu zimakhala zosavuta;ngati kachilomboka kamakhudza selo, maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi amayenera kutulutsa interferon kuti aletse kuchulukitsa kwa tizilombo m'maselo ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kumafunika "maselo akupha T" kapena "maselo akupha achilengedwe" kuti aphe maselo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.

Ma virus onse omwe amagwidwa ndi ma antibodies ndi maselo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amafunikira ma macrophages kuti atenge tizigawo.Izi zisanachitike, ma macrophages ndi ma cell a dendritic ayeneranso kuthandizira kutumiza ma sign kwa "ma cell T othandizira", olamulira akuluakulu a chitetezo chamthupi, omwe amapereka malangizo olondola kuti apange ma cell a cytotoxic T ndi ma antibodies.

Katemera amatha kuyambitsa ma antibodies, ndipo mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kulepheretsa kuchulukitsa kwa ma virus m'maselo ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa kachilomboka.Komabe, kuti athetse kachilomboka, pamafunika kuti chitetezo chilichonse chamthupi chikhale chokwanira komanso kulimbikitsidwa.

Kotero, mutalandira katemera, mungawonjezere bwanji maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi, kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha mthupi, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, komanso kupewa kutupa kwambiri?

Kuyambira kafukufuku wazaka za m'ma 1990,Ganoderma lucidumzatsimikiziridwa kuti imathandizira kusasitsa kwa maselo a dendritic, kuwongolera kusiyanitsa kwa maselo a T, kulimbikitsa kupanga ma antibodies ndi maselo a B, kulimbikitsa kusiyana kwa monocytes-macrophages, ndi kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya maselo akupha zachilengedwe, kuthandizira kufalikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. ma cell a chitetezo chamthupi komanso katulutsidwe ka ma cytokines osiyanasiyana, komanso kukhala ndi mphamvu zowongolera chitetezo chamthupi.Zotsatira zonsezi zafotokozedwa mwachidule m'chithunzichi.

Potsatira, tidzakufotokozerani mozama "chifukwa chiyaniGanoderma lucidumzingatithandize kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira chomwe timafunikira polimbana ndi ma virus” kudzera m'mapepala angapo omwe adasindikizidwa m'magazini apadziko lonse lapansi.Izi zisanachitike, tikukhulupirira kuti mwayamba kudyaGanoderma lucidumchifukwa chitetezo cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndichofunika kwambiri.Pokhapokha pokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira tsiku ndi tsiku tingatsimikizire chitetezo chathu tsiku lililonse.

TSIRIZA

★ Nkhaniyi yasindikizidwa pansi pa chilolezo cha wolemba, ndipo umwini ndi wa GANOHERB.

★ Ntchito zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingapangidwenso, kuchotsedwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zina popanda chilolezo cha GanoHerb.

★ Ngati ntchitozo zaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi chilolezo ndikuwonetsa gwero: GanoHerb.

★ Pakuphwanya kulikonse kwa mawu omwe ali pamwambapa, GanoHerb idzatsata maudindo okhudzana ndi zamalamulo.

★ Zolemba zoyambirira za nkhaniyi zidalembedwa m'Chitchaina ndi Wu Tingyao ndikumasulira m'Chingerezi ndi Alfred Liu.Ngati pali kusiyana kulikonse pakati pa kumasulira (Chingerezi) ndi choyambirira (Chitchaina), Chitchaina choyambirira chidzapambana.Ngati owerenga ali ndi mafunso, lemberani wolemba woyamba, Mayi Wu Tingyao.

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